违宪的

Study and analysis of constitutional interpretation andreview principle of constitutionality...

研究和分析这些案例包含的宪法解释与违宪审查原理，对于建立与完善我国的宪法解释与违宪审查制度，具有积极的理论与现实价值。

Study and analysis of constitutional interpretation andreview principle of constitutionality are of positive theoretical and realistic value in the establishment and improvement of the system in China.

研究和分析这些案例包含的宪法解释与违宪审查原理，对于建立与完善我国的宪法解释与违宪审查制度，具有积极的理论与现实价值。

Law is superior to administrative power, the constitution has the highest authority, and person or group should not outmatch the law; democratic legislation requires that the legislative body should be born of universal and periodic elections and its main tasks include setting up laws and supervising the administration; judicial branch is independent and has high position and authority, also practises judicial review to prevent arbitrary violation of the constitution; check and balance institutions among different branches of the government to prevent that a single branch has too much or monopolistic power.

现代法治虽无划一的模式，各国历史条件和文化传统也存在诸多差别，但所采取的基本原则和制度大体一致，主要是法律大于行政权力，宪法具有至高无上的权威，任何人和团体不得凌驾于法律之上；立法民主，由拥有广泛代表性和定期选举阐述的立法机构制定法律、监督行政；司法独立、拥有崇高地位和权威，并且实行防止随意违宪的司法审查制度；政府各权力机构间实行牵制与平衡，以防止单个机构权力过大。

Researching on China's judicial review system of unconstitutionality is a historical mission of Chinese scholars.

违宪审查是我国法治建设过程中的一个焦点，何时以及如何构建具有中国特色的违宪审查制度已成为中国宪政建设的一大历史课题。

As long as the local experiments are consistent with these basic principles and refrain from causing harm to the interests of national scale, they should be tolerated even if their legality and constitutionality are dubious, since events of "benign" unconstitutionality are often necessitated by excessive limitation of the central constitution and laws imposed on local autonomy.

之所以有必要"良性违宪"，是因为宪法和中央法律过多限制了地方自主权；事实上，既然符合宪法的基本原则和精神，"良性违宪"并不是通常意义上的"违宪"，而只是在现行体制下对宪法的一种"变通"。

It was the judicial authority to enforce, but not to expound, fundamental law and was limited to the concededly unconstitutional act.

A、就此而言，动用的资源有自己的标准和限度。B、动用的资源是实施、而不是解释基本法的司法权力，C、而且，动用的资源仅限于针对明显违宪的行为。显然不是很好。

Part One: thc conccpt and valuc analysis of judicial review system ofconstitutionalityJudicial review system of constitutionality is a fundamental system with legalsense to prevent violation of the constitution, which refers to that speciallydesignated state organs examine and conduct whether certain legis1ation or certainacts are constitutional or not. Generally it refers to the acts of state organ leaders,but in some states, it also includes the acts of political parties, for instance, Germanyl l lconstitutional court can exaxnine the organianion and acts of political pwties.

第一部分：违宪审查制度的概念与价值分析违宪审查制度是指由特定的国家机关对某项立法或者某种行为(通常为国家机关领导人的行为，有些国家还包括政党的行为，例如德国宪法法院可以审查政党的组织和行为)是否合宪所进行的具有法律意义的审查和处理的一种基本制度，是一种为防止违宪而设立的专门制度。

At the time of King's visit the Supreme Court had ruled that the desegregated bus system in Montgomery, Ala., he opposed was unconstitutional.

在马丁路德金访问的时候，最高法院就已经裁定了阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市有种族隔离的公交系统，他的反对是违宪的。

At the time of Kings visit the Supreme Court hadruled that the desegregated bus system in Montgomery, Ala., heopposed was unconstitutional.

在马丁路德金访问的时候，最高法院就已经裁定了阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市有种族隔离的公交系统，他的反对是违宪的。

Judicatory actualization of constitution includes two asp ects: first, judicature censor to law, statute and decision, order of sanction at larger which infracting the constitution; second , on the condition of lacking common law and of people' s basic right be infracted, applying constitution criterion to judge.

宪法司法化具体包括两方面内涵：一是对法律、法规以及具有普遍约束力的决定和命令进行违宪的司法审查；二是在公民基本权利受到侵害而普通法律缺位的情况下提起宪法诉讼，并在具体案件中适用宪法规范作判决。宪法司法化最早产生并发展于西方国家。我国至今未能实现宪法的司法化，究其原因，观念偏差和制度延误是两个主要方面。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。