进行实验

Through the analysis of experimental principle, method and instrument of the Jaeger we have studied the improvement of the Experiment device to measure the liquid surface tension coefficient, and designed the composite pistons.

为此，对Jaeger法测定液体表面张力系数的实验原理、方法及仪器进行了分析研究；同时，对实验装置进行了改进，设计了复合活塞加压装置，使其更容易控制气泡生成速度，实现了无水加压。

In this study,TGA and self-made vacuum pyrolysis apparatus were used to detect the characteristics of biomass pyrolysis liquation and the rules of preparation of activated carbon under vacuum.The seven kinds of common agricultural and forestry waste biomass were from Yiyang. The main contents studied are as follows:(1) TGA was used to detect the influence of biomass species and heating rate on the pyrolysis reaction.

本研究采用真空热重分析仪和自制的真空热解实验装置，对益阳地区7种农林废弃生物质进行了真空热重、真空热解液化和真空化学活化等实验研究，以探讨生物质真空热解特性行为和生物质真空化学活化法制备活性炭的规律等，主要内容包括以下几个方面：(1)对7种生物质进行了真空热重分析，考察了不同生物质原料、升温速率对生物质真空热解反应的影响。

A standard test method for evaluating the toxicity of chemicals to algae was applied; and 96h-EC50 of copper on inhibition of the growths of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Scenedesmus obliquus, Closterium lunula were calculated as 67,51 and 202μg/L respectively using the method of probability unit for data treatment based on the test results. The results from the X^2 test of each dose-response equations showed that 96h-EC50s calculated were all precise and credible.

运用评价化学品对藻类毒性的标准实验方法，根据实验结果采用机率单位法进行数据处理，分别得出铜抑制蛋白核小球藻，斜生栅藻，月形藻生长的96h半效应浓度(96h-EC50)分别为67，51，202μg/L，并对各剂量反应方程进行X^2检验，结果表明均符合精度要求，计算出的96h-EC50真实可靠。

In this paper, searching technology of product information based on knowledge was researched. On the aspect of cognition, we researched the relation between user\'s cognition and designer\'s cognition, explored the knowledge flow in the process of product development, set up a matching model between user\'s knowledge and designer\'s knowledge, brought forward a modeling method based on users\' cognition, and set up a measurable model of product feature; coded and decoded product form element, set up a computer aided product form design system and image evaluating system based on the result of measurement. Accordingly, the product style and product image were systematically discussed, the recognition space of product style and image was constructed, the factors that affect product style and image were put forwards and analyzed, and the relation between product image and form elements was tested by experiments. Furthermore, the product automatic recognition technologies were discussed.And then, with the media of concept model and the kernel of parameter technology, a mathematic model that describing product layout design by constraints and rules was presented. Furthermore, a product design integration system based on imagery thinking including product fonii base system based on imagery thinking, product form design system based on imagery thinking and product form intelligent design system based on space layout were set up, which tested the system and provided a new way for product innovative design.

本文以产品特征描述目标对象——产品，研究一种基于知识的产品信息检索技术，在对产品的认知方面，研究了用户认知和设计师认知之间的关系，研究了产品开发过程中的知识流传递过程，建立了用户知识和设计知识之间的匹配模型，提出了一种基于用户知识的产品建模方法，它不但提取了产品的特征，还建立了产品特征量化模型，从而实现了产品知识的量化描述；对产品造型元素进行分解和编码，利用实验量化结果构造计算机辅助产品形状设计系统和心象评价系统；使用量表分析造型元素的心象尺度，构造输入、输出系统，建立了产品设计知识库咨询系统，可以方便用户和设计师来导入或查询产品设计方案；实现了对产品造型心象的分类知识库系统，便于设计师存储或查询，辅助设计师进行产品创新设计；通过实验量化了产品造型参数和产品心象参数之间的关系，并在此基础上建立了基于心象的产品形状设计系统，为产品空间布局方案智能生成系统奠定基础；在基于知识库的基础上建立了产品空间布局方案智能生成系统，通过更改概念产品造型参数，实现了产品设计方案的智能生成，使系列化的设计工作变得十分方便；将产品的心象运用到实际设计过程中，能够引导流行趋势，创造出产品无形的设计价值。

In chapter 5, the concept of zero-span tension known in papermaking area is for the first time introduce to wood science area to explore in-tree variation of longitudinal tensile strength of tracheids and its main influencing factors. In chapter 6, composite micromechanics and classic laminated theory are used to make a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the main influencing factors of mechanical properties of tracheids cell wall. Some experimental results acquired in the foregoing chapters are explained successfully. Results were summarized as follows: Mechanical characteristics of wood at micron scale: 1 At micron scale, the longitudinal mechanicai behavior of wood microtome section differs greatly from that of wood with normal size.

论文的第2章首先研究了微米尺度下木材的力学特性，为后面运用木材微切片拉伸技术奠定一定的理论基础；在第3章，首次考虑到了微米尺度下木材力学性质的尺寸效应，并运用木材微切片正常间距拉伸技术研究了管胞纵向弹性模量的株内变异规律；在第4章，首次利用纳米压痕技术中最新发展起来的连续刚度测量法直接在管胞细胞壁上进行纳米级的压痕实验，测量次生壁S〓层的纵横向弹性模量和硬度，从而把细胞壁力学的研究提高到一个更高的水平；在第5章，首次把造纸领域的零距拉伸技术引入木材科学研究领域，研究了管胞纵向抗拉强度的株内变异规律及其主要影响因素；第6章则运用复合材料细观力学的基本理论和经典层板理论对影响细胞壁力学性能的主要因素进行了全面而系统的分析，并为前几章的一些实验结果提供理论上的解释。

According to the variance module and resolution after deconvolution, the ideal mixed phase wavelets may be extracted from the wavelet gatherings with the same amplitude spectrum and different phase spectrums finally. Therefore the target for raising the resolution of seismic records can be attained by the determinacy wavelet deconvolution. Through the wavelet extraction tests for theoretic synthetic records and actual seismic data and the processing of enhancing resolution of seismic data by use of the wavelets extracted, it was shown that such a method is correct and effective.

依据反褶积后地震记录方差模大小和分辨率情况，最终从一系列相同振幅谱不同相位谱子谱集合中确定理想的混合相位子波，通过确定性子波反褶积达到提高地震记录分辨率的目标对理论合成地震记录和实际地震记录进行了子波提取实验，并利用提取的地震子波对地震资料进行了提高分辨率的了处理，实验结果表明了该布法约正确准和有效性。

In addition, we do the experiment on the swine crura of indirect monkshood moxibustion and several kinds of moxibustion with warmed needles (normal stainless steel needle, gold needle, silver needle, TaiYi needle) and compare the values of experiments and numerical simulation ones.

另外，本文还进行了艾炷隔附子饼灸、几种温针灸（普通不锈钢针、金针、银针、太乙针）对生物组织热作用的实验，并将实验和数值模拟结果分别进行对比分析。

In the experimental work, application of proportional controller to active vibration control incorporated with passive vibration isolator to suppress its resonant oscillation of natural frequency is studied in this project. Vibration acceleration acquired from accelerator is inputted to controller as feedback signal. The processed signal from controller is transmitted to voice coil actuator to control vibration. Firstly, based on the theoretical equations which govern the system vibration, the physical mechanism of active control in total system is studied.

在实验部分，则运用比例控制器进行被动式隔振系统自然频率共振抑制之主动控制实验，控制回馈讯号采用加速规量得之振动加速度值，经由控制器计算输出控制讯号驱动音圈致动器进行主动控制。

Wavelet multi-scale analysis is applied to the research on lunar gravity field and the explanation of lunar inner structure. In this paper, the nearside of the Moon with higher quality data is chosen as the test area, and free air gravity data from "Clementine" mission are used as original data to decompose gravity of some specific mare basins. With the results of numerical test, we also explain the hierarchical structure of the Moon, analyze the thickness of mare fillings and the Moho topography under mare basins, and verify the results by comparisons.

本文将小波多尺度分析引入月球重力场的研究，选取测量数据质量较好的月球近区作为实验区域，以"Clementine"探测器获得的自由空气重力异常作为原始数据对主要月海盆地进行了局部的重力异常分解，解释了月球内部基本分层结构，并利用主要月海盆地的实验结果分析了月海下部质量异常以及莫霍面的起伏形态，与已有研究成果进行比较证明了方法的适用性及结果的合理性。

The results are shown as follows:The equilibrium for adsorption of neptunium on silica gel reached rapidly. In high acidities,neptunium is hardly adsorbed on silica gel.

用239Np溶液进行上述实验后，又用239Np与237Np的混合溶液或237Np溶液进行了上述部分实验以比较微克量的237Np和示踪量的239Np在硅胶上的吸附行为。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。