进行中

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

Pressing the UP/DOWN key to select the contents of inner playing format, pressing the LEFT/RIGHT key to select the previous or the next page. And you can select the playing modes such as Normal, Repeat one, Repeat All by pressing the MODE key. When selecting one page, pressing the OK key, then it will start to play. During the playing, pressing MODE key to select 11 different tone such as Jazz, class, dance, heavy, disco, soft , live, hall, flat, rock, pop. Pressing REC key to make A-B recycle playing, pressing OK key to pause.

按上下选择键进行内部播放格式目录选择，按左右选择进行目录下的上一页面和下一页面的选择，在当选择的页面时，可按机体侧面的MODE键选择播放模式(如：顺序播放，单曲循环，全曲循环)三种播放模式，当选择要播放的页面时，按五方向键中的OK键，此时可进入播放状态，在播放过程中，按MODE键可进行11种音效选择(爵士乐，聚会，舞蹈，重低音，狄斯高，柔软声，活泼，大厅，平坦的，摇滚，爆劲jazz class dance heavy disco soft live hall flat rock pop)，操作REC键可进行A~B回放，按方向键中的OK键可暂停播放或播放功能。

Pressing the UP\/DOWN key to select the contents of inner playing , pressing the LEFT\/RIGHT key to select the previous or the next page. And you can select the playing modes such as Normal, Repeat one, Repeat All by pressing the MODE key. When selecting one page, pressing the OK key, then it will start to play. During the playing, pressing MODE key to select 11 different tone such as Jazz, class, dance, he**y, disco, soft , live, hall, flat, rock, pop. Pressing REC key to make A-B recycle playing, pressing OK key to pause.

按上下选择键进行内部播放格式目录选择，按左右选择进行目录下的上一页面和下一页面的选择，在当选择的页面时，可按机体侧面的MODE键选择播放模式(如：顺序播放，单曲循环，全曲循环)三种播放模式，当选择要播放的页面时，按五方向键中的OK键，此时可进入播放状态，在播放过程中，按MODE键可进行11种音效选择(爵士乐，聚会，舞蹈，重低音，狄斯高，柔软声，活泼，大厅，平坦的，摇滚，爆劲jazz class dance he**y disco soft live hall flat rock pop)，操作REC键可进行A~B回放，按方向键中的OK键可暂停播放或播放功能。

To be able to grasp more opportunities for sex crimes at the same time the relatively high use of three-station configuration, to operate a computer, here are divided into A Computer, B Computer and C computers, computer A computer-based operations, the main task is to buy and sell orders operations and holdings of individual stocks that have been tracked so that the best point and fled the country, late in the day or night, werewolves are the technical stock selection, with the potential to become a dark horse, or it is possible to start the second Stock elected, put into the C computer Optional Share Lane, B computer is a laptop, while wirelessly with a broadband connection, broadband and sometimes dropped to avoid or segment of electricity causes can not be traded, the general cases, the task of the computer B is always concerned about the A shares and Hong Kong stock market trend in broader market, in the opening period of time, C is Optional Share computer display, and interface options with the four shares of K-line column, and set to automatically turn the industry, so that If the C Optional Share computer technology, there are individual stocks will soon reach the selling points, werewolves can be found in the first time and simultaneously enter the code in the A computer, using keyboard shortcuts with the fastest speed for the next single!

为了能够把握更多的机会，狼人同时运用3台配置相对较高的电脑进行操作，这里分为A电脑、B电脑和C电脑，其中A电脑为主操作电脑，主要任务就是进行买卖下单操作和对已经持有的个股进行跟踪，以便在最佳点位出逃，在每天的盘后或者是晚上，狼人都会进行技术选股，把有可能成为黑马或者是有可能二次启动的股票选出，放入到C电脑的自选股里，B电脑是笔记本，同时以无线方式与宽带连接，避免了有时宽带掉线或者是段电的原因造成无法进行交易，一般情况下B电脑的任务是随时关注A股大盘和港股大盘走势，在开盘的时间内， C电脑显示为自选股，同时界面上选择4股K线同列，并设置为自动翻业，这样，如果在C电脑的自选股中有个股即将到达技术买点，狼人可以在第一时间发现并同时在A电脑中输入代码，使用键盘快捷方式以最快速度进行下单！

Centrifugal energy saving analysis and measures: 1 improve the efficiency of centrifugal pumps a first step, in the selection of comparison, when many suppliers Selection program, in considering the cost-effective choice as far as possible under the premise of efficient programs; the second step , accredited professionals must Mill producers, affecting the pump efficiency of the key components such as impellers, pump body, pump cover, diversion devices, such as the manufacture of quality producers, especially for the airfoil impeller , outlet angle, leaves the sub-degrees, the shape of flow channel, to control the quality of finish, etc., so that products are delivered in the current production under the conditions of highly efficient products; the third step, the scene in the production of installation and debugging process, pump to ensure a solid foundation, with the driving machine for good, before and after valve flexible piping layout design is reasonable, on-site control is feasible and safe, the complete and accurate monitoring instrumentation to ensure that pump operation can carry out real-time monitoring; fourth step , are at long-term operation of water pumps necessary to pay attention to the equipment inspection and found anomalies reflect real-time reporting, in the normal minor repairs, overhaul cycle, to deal with the replacement of wearing parts inspection to ensure the pump's long-term safe and efficient operation.

第一步，在选型时多比较各供应商的选型方案，在考虑性价比的前提下尽量选用效率高的方案；第二步，派驻一定的专业人员驻厂监制，对影响水泵效率的关键零部件如叶轮、泵体、泵盖、导流器等的制造质量进行监制，尤其对叶轮的翼形、出水角、叶片的分度、流道的形状、光洁度等质量进行控制，使交付的产品是在当前的生产条件下的高效率的产品；第三步，在生产现场的安装调试过程中，要保证泵的基础牢靠，与驱动机对中良好，前后阀门开关灵活，管道布置设计合理，现场控制安全可行，各运行监控仪表齐全准确，保证泵的运行过程能够进行实时监控；第四步，是在水泵的长期运行中要注意对设备的点检，发现异常情况即时反映汇报，在正常的小修、大修周期中，应对各易损件进行检查更换，保证泵的长期高效安全的运行。

Moreover, it is easier to control the temperature in the jacketed stirred tank than in the fluidized bed.

而通常结垢问题都发生高温系统，如热交换器等，且本实验室之前在探讨有关磁场对结垢的影响方面，都是在常温下进行，所以本实验将就此重要的变数-温度进行讨论，又由於实验在搅拌槽中进行会比在流化床中进行更容易控制温度，故本实验将在搅拌槽中，探讨磁场与温度对文石成长速率的影响。

As part of the study of social administration of Nanjing in the Republic of China, the thesis consists of 7 chapters: Chapter one explains the basic concepts of social administration and the development of modernization of Nanjing before 1927. It stresses the importance of social administration in city development through the depiction of social characteristics and problems of Nanjing. Chapter 2 introduced the theory of social administration of the Republic of China, under which the municipal institutions are structured. It focuses on the social theory of Sun Yat-sen and correlative comments of Jiang Kai-shi, which reflect the theoretic level and subjective intention of social reform of the Republic of China. Chapter 3 discusses the local autonomy of Nanjing of the Republic of China. The origin of democratic local autonomy theory and its influence over social administration are expatriated. The advantages and disadvantages of local autonomy are analyzed in detail. Chapter 4 focuses its discussion upon social rescue work, an important part of social administration, with general description of social rescue work in Nanjing and concludes the characteristics of social rescue work in the transition from the traditional to the modern society. Focusing on the prominent problem of the large flows and inflation of population of Nanjing, chapter 5 discusses the population and population management of Nanjing and outlines the population situation through analysis of the population problem, management methods and the current situation. Chapter 6 describes the unprecedentedly active citizen organizations and parties. The transform and changes of these organizations occurring under the new circumstances and their functions in social administration are analyzed to reveal the interactive function between government and social organizations in social administration. Chapter 7, the epilogue, makes theoretic evaluation of the characteristics of social administration and its revelation to the current society of Nanjing, hoping this research serves as a reference to the current time.

本文是民国南京社会管理研究的一个部分，由七个章节组成：第一章介绍了社会管理的基本概念和1927年以前南京社会近代化的变迁过程，通过对南京社会特点和社会问题的描述，阐明了社会管理在城市发展中的重要作用；第二章介绍了民国社会管理思想的基本内容和在此指导下的南京市政府有关机构的设置，着重阐述了孙中山的社会管理思想和蒋介石的有关论述，反映了国民政府的社会管理的认识水平及其实行社会改造的主观意图；第三章专题讨论了民国南京地方自治，对具有近代民主意义的地方自治思想的由来及其社会管理意义进行了阐述，具体分析了南京推行地方自治的利弊得失；第四章将社会救济事业作为社会管理的一项重要内容进行了讨论，描述了南京社会救济事业的基本概况并对从传统向近代过渡社会救济事业的若干特点进行了总结；第五章针对南京城市人口的大量流动和急剧膨胀这一突出的社会问题，集中讨论了南京的人口与人口管理，通过对南京人口问题、管理手段以及人口状况的分析，展示了南京人口构成的基本面貌；第六章描述了南京空前活跃的市民组织和社会团体，着意反映这些社会组织在新的条件下的转型和变化，分析其在社会管理中所发挥的作用，企望由此揭示政府与社会组织在社会管理中的互动作用；第七章为结语，对南京社会管理的特点及其对现实的启示进行了理论评价，力求本研究更能具有现实借鉴意义。

Our study includes four aspects. In the first aspect we study several important conditions of porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and oocytes cleavage after parthenogenetic activation and found mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15% PFF+0.57mMcysteine is a good culture condition .When the Cocs are cultured in it ,the maturation rate and oocytes cleavage rate are higher than those of foreign covered. Our result are (86.7±3.35)% and (86.3±4.16)% and the highest report of foreign is(85.7±4.1)%.In the second aspect we study the effect of different chemical activations on development of porcine parthennogenetic embryo and found two best activation method. The first one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 20μmol/L ionomycin for 30 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 5μg/mICB and 5mM/L6-DMAP for 3.5 hours, the oocytes cleavage rate and morulae/blastocysts development rate are (76.7±7.6)% and (37.1±6.4)%.The second one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 200μM/L Thimerosal for 20 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 8mM DTT for 30 minutes

本研究分为4个部分，第一部分对影响猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活后胚胎分裂的几个重要条件进行了比较研究，确立了一种较好的培养方法：与颗粒细胞共培养，找到了一种适合猪卵母细胞体外成熟的培养基：mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15%PFF+0.57mM半胱氨酸，成熟率和分裂率分别为(86.7±3.35)%和(86.3±4.16)%，国外报道的最高成熟率为(85.7±4.1)%；第二部分对猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的化学方法进行了研究，确立了化学激活猪卵母细胞的两种最佳方法：1将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞用20μmol/Lionomycin作用30min，再将卵母细胞培养于含5μg/mlCB和5mM/L 6-DMAP(6-二甲基氨基嘌呤)的NCSU-23培养液中，卵裂率和桑囊胚发育率达到(76.7±7.6)%和(37.1±6.4)%2将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞在200μM/L的Thimerosal中处理20min，再与8mM的DTT共孵育30min，卵裂率和桑/囊胚形成率为(81.0±2.8)%和(39.6±2.7)%；第三部分对孤雌激活胚胎的培养条件进行了研究，确立了一种最佳的胚胎培养条件：在SOF简单培养基中添加颗粒细胞进行前3天的培养，然后转入添加胎牛血清的NCSU—23培养基并和输卵管上皮细胞进行后期的培养，其桑椹胚和囊胚的发育率为(59.5±3.2)%；第四部分研究了IGF-I

This thesis mainly includes the following aspects: systematical introduction to environmental protection textile and garment products consciousness and opinions as well asstandards, and introduction and analysis of main environmental protection textile and garment products in the world at present; experiments on testing the wearing properties such as appearing shape, wet comfort, and wear-resistance and so on ,of various Tencel, Modal and cotton knitted fabrics and then analyzing and evaluating these wearing properties so as to get all factors influencing their wearing properties through contrasting different fabrics; by clustering analysis processing and analyzing data from experiments ,in order to evaluate wearing properties of Tencel and Modal fabrics and gain further conclusions; working out a detailed practical scheme for S company to develop environmental protection knitted garment products , analyzing the necessity and feasibility to develop such products, purling forward schemes in developing products and carrying out brand strategy and estimating their economic benefits.

为此，本文主要进行了以下工作：系统阐述了环保纺织服装产品的理念、标准并对目前国内外主要环保纺织服装产品进行评述和分析；实验测试不同种类的天丝、莫代尔和棉等针织物的外观形态、舒适性、耐用性等三方面的服用性能，对天丝和莫代尔针织织物的各项服用性能进行分析评价，并从不同织物性能差异的分析比较中得出影响该类织物服用性能的各项指标；采用数理统计中的聚类分析方法对实验测定的织物各项服用性能的数据结果进行处理和分析，将各项测试结果综合考虑，以评价天丝莫代尔织物的综合服用性能；对国内著名服装企业S公司开发该类环保面料的针织服装产品具体实施方案进行了研究，分析企业开发该类新型服装产品的必要性和可行性，初步设计提出了企业产品开发和品牌操作方案并对该方案的经济效益进行了预测分析。

Main contents of the thesis are as follows: Description of the present usage of liquid cooling system, presentation of a new type of liquid cooling system and description of its work principles; Design of the liquid cooling system, which mainly deals with the design and collating calculating of serpentine condenser and heat exchangers adopted in this system. Meanwhile, the model chosen calculating of compressor、thermal expansion valve、plate evaporator、water pump and the like equipment used in the system are also carried out.

本文的主要内容如下：对液冷源使用现状进行了描述，提出了一种新型液冷源系统并对其工作原理进行了阐述；对系统进行了设计，主要对系统中所采用的管带式冷凝器和水侧空/液换热器进行了设计和校核计算，同时对系统中所用到的压缩机、热力膨胀阀、板式蒸发器、水泵等配套设备进行了选型计算；分别对制冷系统和冷却液循环系统进行了数学建模。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。