进而

The atomic weight of an element that has the same combining capacity as a given weight of another element ; the standard is 8 for oxygen

进而按照我国林业的总体发展目标及建设布局要求，在人口增长、基础设施建设等因素的变化的背景下，考虑到区域经济增长与林地面积变化的关系，我们提出有针对性地林地保护、林业发展的决策建议。

The characteristics of pentacene/perylene derivatives based organic solar cells are investigated in this thesis Donor and acceptor layers are pentacene and N N'-dioctyl-3 4 9 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-2~13C) respectively Twelve organic solar cells with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions were fabricated to study the influence of various alkylic perylene derivatives on the power conversion efficiency Under the sunlight simulator with AM1 5G filter and 100 mW/cm2 the solar cell of pentacene/PTCDI-7C heterojunction with cathode of Ag/Al bilayer has the best performance among the devices with pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C heterojunctions In PL spectrum analyses the pentacene/PTCDI-7C film had lower recombination rate than the other pentacene/PTCDI-2~13C films; therefore more excitons could reach the P/N junction and enhance short-circuit current Furthermore the PTCDI-7C film grown on the surface of penatcene was more matched than other PTCDI films analyzed by the PL peak shifts of 10 nm and 45 nm thick PTCDI-2~13C and images of atomic force microscope More lattice match between the films of pentacene and PTCDI resulted in fewer defects in P/N junction and more carries can reach electrodes Accordingly the power conversion efficiency approach 2% was obtained from the solar cell with the active layer of pentacene/PTCDI-7C

本研究探讨以五环素/骈苯衍生物异质接面太阳能电池之特性，利用pentacene作为电子施体有机材料，PTCDI -2C~13C作为电子受体有机材料，制作出异质接面为pentacene/ PTCDI-2C ~13C等12种有机太阳能电池，比较不同碳数的骈苯衍生物对於有机太阳能电池之光电转换效率之影响。在AM1 5G、100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下，以pentacene/PTCDI-7C异质接面太阳能电池具有短路电流9 882 mA/cm2、开路电压0 376 V、填充因数0 523及光电转换效率达1 945%，皆比其他pentacene/PTCDI-2C ~13C异质接面太阳能电池来的大。由薄膜分析可知PTCDI-7C在这12种太阳能电池中具有较低的电子电洞复合发光效率，可以让较多激子到达异质接面进行电荷分离，减少电子电洞对复合发光的机率；此外，由光激发萤光光谱之峰值位移配合原子力显微镜表面结构图，可以得知当PTCDI-7C成长在pentacene上时会顺著pentacene的结构成长薄膜，故较无缺陷产生在P/N接面处；而在其他结构下则无此现象产生，致使在pentacene/PTCDI-7C薄膜中的载子有较大的机会可以移动至电极，使光电流提高，进而使光电转换效率提高。

This allowed him to avoid the determinism implicit in the earlier atomism and to affirm free will.

这就使得他避免了蕴涵在早期原子论中的决定论，进而承认自由意志。

Strata quality factor and attenuation factor especially these of near surface, are studied.

对松辽盆地南部的地层品质因素和地层衰减系数、尤其是近地表的地层品质因素和地层衰减系数进行研究，进而研究了野外地震采集的激发和接受等各个因素。

This ultrasonic garbage is obviously not audible, but it can swamp the audble signal and cause the input circuitry to go into non-linear modes of operation, causing the audible signal to be somewhat distorted.

我们显然听不到这些超声"垃圾"，但它可能湮没可听范围到的信号并且让输入电流工作在非线性的模式下，进而使可听范围信号遭到某种程度的扭曲。

Based on the petrological and geochronological study of metamorphic complexes from the Grove Mountains, the following conclusions are reached.(1)Exsolution texture is widely found in clinopyroxene in mafic granulites. A peak metamorphic temperature of 850 C was obtained from the reintegrated compositions of exsolved clinopyroxene. The preservation of augite megacrysts suggests a single episode of high-grade metamorphism for the Grove Mountains.(2)The compositional comparison of garnet from pegmatites with that from country rocks demonstrates that garnet in pegmatites is of xenocryst origin, and late amphibolite facies metamorphism does not occur in this area.(3)The Pan-African charnockite and post-tectonic sheet-like granite were first recognized in East Antarctica. Their occurrences suggest a collisional orogeny during the Pan-African time.(4)The SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating on various rock types indicates that the major metamorphism in the Grove Mountains occurs at c. 550 Ma, and the tectonothermal evolution terminated at c. 500 Ma. The Grenvillian granulite facies metamorphism did not develop in the studied area.(5)The Prydz belt, the second Pan-African suture within the Gondwana suppercontinent, was further comfirmed based on this study. The Gondwana suppercontinent was not formed by the simply juxtaposition of East and West Gondwana, but by the collision of several blocks during the Pan-African time.

本项目通过格罗夫山地区高级变质杂岩的变质岩石学和同位素年代学研究，获得如下重要认识：（1）发现辉石出溶结构，由此获得峰期变质温度为850 C，并根据火成普通辉石的识别确定该区只存在单相麻粒岩相变质；（2）通过伟晶岩中石榴石斑晶与围岩中石榴石的对比研究提出了石榴石的捕虏晶成因，进而确定该区不存在晚期角闪岩相变质作用；（3）在东南极首次识别出泛非期紫苏花岗岩和后构造层状花岗岩，为泛非构造热事件的碰撞造山成因提供了重要佐证；（4）对不同岩石类型的锆石SHRIMP定年精确地限定了格罗夫山地区主期变质作用发生于泛非期，～550 Ma，热事件结束于～500 Ma，年代学数据没有揭示在该区存在格林威尔期麻粒岩相变质作用的迹象；（5）进一步确认了东南极内部普里兹带的存在，它属于冈瓦纳超大陆内部的第二条泛非期缝合带，据此认为冈瓦纳超大陆并不是由东、西冈瓦纳陆块的简单拼合而成，而是多个不同块体拼合的结果。

To avoid or reduce re-analysis, we derived the augmentative matrix variation only in summation of the previous matrices time the outside-perturbed parameters by decomposing the element stiffness and mass matrix. The implicit function of amplitude about design variables such as cross-areas and lengths is changed into simplistic function about the perturbed parameters of design variables. Several methods for determining the value of perturbed parameters are detailed.

为避免或减少重分析，将有限元单元阵进行了分解变换组装，使振幅与设计变量如截面面积、长度的复杂隐函数关系转化为对设计变量摄动参数的显式关系，进而将设计变量摄动参数提取在分解后的几个常数刚度阵、质量阵之外，避免了在迭代求解过程中重组刚度阵与质量阵，较快地获得问题的解。

In this work, the interaction between umbelliferone and bovine serum albumin was studied by performing two different kinds of titration modes. The two spectroscopic data matrices were augmented, and then the information of experiment data was increased. The augmented experiment data matrix was analyzed by the MCR-ALS method. This procedure allowed the recovery of the concentration profiles for each species and the calculation of the ∶ ratio in the complex and the apparent equilibrium constant.

采用两种不同的试剂滴加模式对伞形花内酯与BSA的相互作用进行研究，对经典的荧光光谱数据矩阵加以扩展，增加了实验数据的信息量；进而应用MCR-ALS对该扩展的荧光光谱矩阵进行迭代计算，较好地分辨出作用过程中浓度变化趋势图，并计算出伞形花内酯与BSA的表观结合常数和结合比。

Objective It was reported that rALR (rat augmenter of liver regeneration) distribute in most of tissue and organ of rat, no-tissue specility; mRNA expression of rALR was identified variedly in different tissue, strongest in testis. But nowadays there was not some study on ALR in rat testis. Here to confirm the expression and localization of ALR in infancy,adult and old rat testis,comparing the change of ALR expression degree before per 70 PH and after per 70 PH. In order to evaluate expression principle of ALR in rat testis and know if ALR has tight connection with spermatogenesis and development of testis, to explore the relation between ALR and reproduction, to discover the possible expression character and functional methods of ALR.

目的：文献报道rALR分布于各组织器官，无组织特异性，但其mRNA在各组织的表达强度有差异，在睾丸组织表达最强，目前对大鼠睾丸ALR表达尚无深入的研究；本实验研究不同年龄段大鼠睾丸组织中肝再生增强因子的表达水平、表达部位、以及表达的方式，进而探讨睾丸ALR与睾丸发育、精子生成以及生殖活动的关系；同时探究睾丸组织ALR表达是否参与了肝脏的再生过程中，进一步了解睾丸ALR表达的特性及作用方式。

The second part briefly introduces the Chinese prehistorically buried tortoise phenomena, and outlines the prosperity and decline of the vicissitude of the tortoiseshell auspice in ancient China.

本文在前人研究的基础之上，对中国史前出土的龟甲器资料进行了较系统的整理、分析，进而对史前的用龟现象和中华文明起源与发展的关系提出了一些初步的看法。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐