进化的

The results showed that the current taxonomic classification of the orders of Diphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha, Pseudophyllidea, Lecanicephalidea and Tetraphyllidea is appropriate and that the morphologic structure of the cestode scolex becomes more and more complicated in the evolution.

使用PAUP4.0b10软件构建的进化树显示，目前关于绦虫二叶目、锥吻目、假叶目、盘头目和四叶目的划分是比较合理的，绦虫进化基本遵循了头节形态从简单到复杂的进化规律。

The intersection and interpenetrate of life science and engineering science are the conspicuous character of recent development of science and tenology. Envoluation, as an important self-adapt method drawn from life phenomena, has been generally recongnized and widely applied to problem solving. But the current evolving models have a common deficiency: they can not well reflect that the evoluation of the system is in fact the co-evolution under numerous local reciprocity.

生命科学与工程科学的相互交叉、相互渗透和相互促进是近代科学技术发展的显著特点之一，进化行为作为从生命现象中抽取的重要的自适应机制已被人们普遍认识并得到了广泛的应用，然而现有的进化模型存在一个共同的不足——未能很好地反映出一个普遍存在的事实：多数情况下，整个系统复杂的自适应进化过程，事实上，是一个构成系统的众多子系统局部相互作用的协同进化过程。

Areas of its research include evolutionary theory, macroevolution, vertebrate evolution, phylogenetics, functional morphology of vertebrate skeletons and dentitions, and biomechanics of locomotion and mastication.

其研究领域包括进化原理、宏观进化、脊椎动物进化、系统发生学、脊椎动物骨骼和牙列的功能形态学、运动和咀嚼的生物力学等。

Currently, a rich variety of evolutionary tree reconstruction methods have been developed, which fall into three categories, distance based methods, maximum parsimony methods and approaches applying the maximum likelihood principle.

一个可靠的进化树推断不仅有助于了解生物的进化历史和进化机制，而且对生物医药学、计算分子生物学其他分支的研究具有重要意义。

In order to avoid the premature convergence problem, this paper proposed a modified differential evolution algorithm with the dissipative structure theory.

差分进化算法是一种新的进化计算技术，为解决其早熟问题，提出了一种基于耗散结构理论的改进差分进化算法。

Finally, the design and implementation of vector quantizer are discussed. In the third section the theory of genetic algorithm, evolutionary strategy and evolutionary programming are discussed in detail.

第三章详细讨论了遗传算法，进化策略和进化规划这三种算法的理论，并给出了具体实现，为进化算法引入到矢量量化的码本设计中打下基础。

A good platform for web recomposition is built on this basis.Aiming at the advantages and deficiencies of these methods, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of natural evolution, modifications are made on the Genetic Algorithm. A BMGA (Balanced Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm) is proposed.

结合网络服务组织和网络服务重组的基本需求，在分析自然界进化特点的基础上，通过对遗传算法进行改进，在保证主要进化方向优化的前提下，让各进化方向平衡发展，提出了一种平衡多目标遗传算法BMGA(Balanced Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm)。

In order to investigate the law of the unstability during the evolutionary process in genetic algorithms, two novel concepts of the truncated generation and the distribution of truncated generations are firstly presented, and their definitions are also detailed.

为了研究遗传算法进化过程中的非稳定性规律，文中首次提出了进化截止代数和进化截止代数分布两个新概念，并给出了它们的具体定义。

To further explore the phylogenetic relationships between the aphid Myzus persicae and its endosymbiotic bacterium Buchnera, COⅠ/COⅡ, 12S/16S rRNA and EF-l alpha genes in four populations of M. persicae were amplified. Through phylogenetic trees constructed by the COⅠ/COⅡ, 12S/16S rRNA and EF-l alpha genes in M.

为进一步明确桃蚜与其内共生菌Buchnera之间系统进化关系，参照前人研究蚜虫系统进化所用的COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha的3对引物，对桃蚜的COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha基因进行了扩增，并构建了桃蚜COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha基因序列系统进化树。

It is shown that G gene has the highest speed during the evolution and has uniqueinquilinous body in order to escape immune pressure from inquilinous body byanalyzing phylogenic trees of five genes in the whole genome. In the evolution of Ggene, DRV and MRV are in different groups. DRV, Chinese vaccine isolated used inhuman and Japanese vaccine isolated used in human are in the same group. MRV,CVS and street viruses isolated from dogs are in the some group. It is shown thatDRV is vaccine isolated compared with phylogenic trees of other genes, and it istestified previous conclusion that unqualified vaccine used for human was used nearthe infected beer cote resulted in spotted deer infected.

对狂犬病毒基因组5个基因的分子进化树分析表明，为了逃避宿主的免疫压力，G基因的进化最快速，而且具有宿主的特异性，在G基因的进化中，DRV和MRV分别位于不同的组群，DRV与中国人用疫苗株和日本疫苗株在一个组群，MRV与CVS以及犬脑分离的街毒归在一个组群，结合其他基因的进化树表明，DRV与疫苗株具有较近的亲缘关系，从分子水平验证了以前对DRV流行病学调查得出的推测，在狂犬病疫情发生的鹿场附近曾使用过人用狂犬病疫苗，导致梅花鹿感染狂犬病毒。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新