进化的

In this environment, all evolution, including the evolution of manufactured entities, is coevolution.

在这种环境下，所有的进化，包括生产实体的进化，就是共同进化。

Concurrent evolution is a form of evolution in which all time space continuums evolve and learn together.

同步进化是一个进化形式，其中所有的时间空间连续体一起进化和学习。

A sort of autonomous agent construction method based on adaptive symbiotic evolutionary model was proposed,and by using adaptive symbiotic evolution algorithmas an evolutionary reinforcement learning method,Which can design neural network decision making systems effectively. while at the same time this method can accelerate the learning and convergence speed in the behavior evolution problem of multi agent autonomous system,and it also prevents premature convergence and promotes population diversity.

文章研究了一类基于自适应共生进化模型的自主体构造方法，提出了基于自适应共生进化算法的一种进化强化学习方法，该方法不仅可以高效地进行神经网络决策系统的设计，而且在多自主体组成的自律系统的群体行为进化中可快速学习而收敛，并且通过多样度调节维持了群体多样性，克服了未成熟收敛现象。

In an experiment of constructing a phylogeny of the Eutherian orders, its results not only support the Rodents,(Ferungulates, Primates grouping, but also give an evolutionary tree that is identical to the one constructed by the maximum likelihood method, which indicates that sequence distance defined is very effective to measure the relatedness between sequences.

在研究基于基因组序列的进化关系的实验中，不仅支持了哺乳类动物中（啮齿动物，（灵长类动物，Ferungulates））进化关系分类的结论，而且构造的进化树也与由最大似然方法构造的进化树完全一致。这充分说明了我们给出的序列距离对度量序列相似性是非常有效的。

The term "macroevolution" frequently arises within the context of the evolution/creation debate, usually used by creationists alleging a significant difference between the evolutionary changes observed in field and laboratory studies and the larger scale macroevolutionary changes that scientists believe to have taken thousands or millions of years to occur.

宏进化这一术语经常出现在进化/上帝创造世界的辩论中，通常是被创世论者用来声称在野外和实验室研究观察到的进化改变与科学家认为需要几千年或几百万年才发生的、较大规模的宏进化改变之间有着重大的差别。

In this study, the genomic structure and regulatory elements of ApoD from 10 representive species including protozoan, invertebrate, protochordate and vertebrate were analyzed and compared. The genomic structure of ApoD is less conserved in organisms from protostome to deuterostome invertebrates, while it is highly conserved among chordates including amphioxus and verebrates. All four conserved cysteine residues are present in amino acid sequence of deuterostome ApoDs, while there are only two cysteine residues in amino acid sequence of protostomes ApoD. Structure divergence between protostome and deuterostome ApoD proteins suggests their function difference. The majority of regulatory elements are present in nearly all organism ApoD genes ranging from unicellular protozoan to mammals, suggesting that ApoD plays a very fundamental role, and possesses a conserved regulatory mechanism. However, there also exist some specific regulatory elements, which are present only in certain species and may perform some special roles.ApoD mRNA expression in murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts exposed to various stresses such as as hydrogen peroxide and UV light shows dose-dependent increase. And a fly homolog of ApoD, Glial Lazarillo, whose overexpression results in increased resistance to hyperoxia as well as a extension of lifespan under normoxia and resistance to starvation without altering lipid or protein content.

本文首先从生物信息学角度对分属于原生动物、无脊椎动物、头索动物和脊椎动物类群的10种动物ApoD的基因结构及调控区的调控元件进行分析及比较，发现：(1)ApoD基因外显子-内含子结构从原生动物草履虫到原口动物再到后口动物海胆的进化过程中不保守，但在分析的几种脊椎动物中相当保守；(2)文昌鱼ApoD基因扮演从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物承上启下的角色，可能代表了脊椎动物ApoD基因原型；(3)四个半胱氨酸保守位点在后口动物中都存在，而在原口动物中只存在两个，原口、后口动物ApoD蛋白一级结构上的差异反映蛋白功能上可能也存在一定差别；(4)调控区大多数主要调控元件为不同动物共有，说明ApoD主要功能及其表达调控在进化中相当保守；(5)ApoD基因个别调控元件是随着物种进化而出现并开始发挥相关作用，如SF-1；还有一些调控元件在进化过程中还没有发现其规律，这说明ApoD某些功能和基因表达调控模式可能因物种不同而存在一定的差异。

Forward security is achieved by an evolutional parameter,which is updated with the evolution of time segment,and the group public key and members' certificates are updated along with the parameter.If a menber's private key is betrayed,the attackers can't forge the member's previous signatures.Revocation is achieved by Certificate State List,which needs the group center to update the CSL in real time,and the previous signatures of the revocative members are still valid.

前向安全性通过一个进化参数实现，进化参数随着时间段的变化而进化更新，从而使群公钥和成员证书进化更新，即使成员密钥泄露，攻击者也无法伪造该成员以前的签名；成员撤消通过证书状态列表实现，只需群中心实时更新成员证书状态列表，被撤消成员其以前的签名仍然有效。

Application research has been done in the areas of complex functions in the continuos space, and Traveling Salesman and Task Scheduling, which are the typical issues in combined optimization.

因此对进化计算的研究具有重要的理论意义和强烈的实际应用背景目前进化计算主要有三种研究方式：遗传算法，进化策略和进化规划。

We prove that when mutation is independent, it may be performed either before or after multi-point crossover, the consequences of schema in EA are probabilistically the same.

通过引入模式进化、模式进化能力、适度模式等概念，以标准遗传算法为例，证明了在变异算子独立的条件下，进化算法中模式的构成与多点交叉和变异的顺序无关，然后证明了具有强进化能力的模式，将以指数阶增长。

Based on the framework of the Alife evolutionary model, we proposed two different models according to Lamarck direct evolution and Baldwin effect. They are called genetic controlled evolutionary reinforced model and autonomous genetic reinforced model, both of which embodied in the mutual effect of learning and evolution.

在基于遗传算法的人工生命进化模型的结构框架下，分别依据Lamarck直接遗传方式和Baldwin效应间接遗传方式两种不同的遗传行为方式，设计了遗传监视进化强化模型和自律遗传强化模型两种不同风格的进化模型，它们都有效地体现了学习和进化之间的双向作用关系。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。