进化的

Post-graduate students, Paolo Ruffino introduced some fascinating concepts of our collective evolving worldview through mapping; Bianca Ahmadi presented machinima as an art and education form; and Lindsay Todres explored "self spectatorship" online and how it relates to/changes our use of media, especially cinema.

研究生之一 Paolo Ruffino 通过地图介绍了一些关于集体进化的世界观的有趣的概念； Bianca Ahmadi 将游戏电影作为一种艺术和教育形式来展示； Lindsay Todres 探讨了网络"自我旁观"，以及其如何联系/改变媒体的用途，尤其是电影。

The results will contribute to a better understanding of the interaction between cells, the strutural foundation of symbiont origin, the pattern of life processes surrounding the cellular strutures and functions, and the theory of ensymbiosis and cell evolution in eukaryotes.

所得结果对于深入阐明低等单细胞动物与真核微生物共生系统中细胞间的相互作用、共生系统起源的结构及物质基础、细胞结构与功能的关系等细胞生命活动的规律，对于丰富和发展内共生生物学及细胞进化的理论具有重要科学意义。

Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a product of the adaptive coevolution with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the long-term life process, and is a kind of beneficial symbiont of plants. It can promote the resistance ability of plants to poor surroundings, and accelerate plant growth. The seedlings of wild jujube were used as materials in this research.

丛枝菌根(Arbuscular Mycorrhiza，AM)是植物在长期的生存过程中，与丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi，AMF)一起共同进化的结果，是一种有益共生体，它的存在有利于提高植物抵御不良环境的能力，促进植物生长。

Pollen morphology of 5 species in genus Tillandsia were observed by standard electronic modules. The results revealed the common features in their shape: i.e l-colporate and reticulate exine. All these showed that genus Tillandsia plants were more advanced in evolution than the other species within the same taxa.

在扫描电子显微镜下观察了5种铁兰属植物花粉的微形态，结果表明：铁兰属植物花粉的微形态具有一定的共性，即都具有1个萌发沟，花粉外壁都具网纹纹饰，说明铁兰属植物是自然类群中较进化的类群。

Wardlaw reproduced to the same scale photographs of the vegetative shoot apex of many primitive and advanced land plants.

沃德劳以同样的放大倍数复制了许多原始的和进化的陆生植物营养茎尖的照片。

For example, in a study published last year in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences a group of researchers looked at crustaceans (crabs, shrimps, woodlice and so on) over the past 550m years and found far more examples of groups of species evolving towards complexity than in the other direction.

举个例子，去年美国国家科学院公布的一项研究里，一群研究人员对生活在过去5.5亿年里的诸如螃蟹、虾、节肢动物有树虱之类的甲壳纲动物进行了研究。他们发现，更多的物种群体是朝着复杂而不是别的方向进化的。

Post-graduate students, Paolo Ruffino introduced some fascinating concepts of our collective evolving worldview through mapping; Bianca Ahmadi presented machinima as an art and education form; and Lindsay Todres explored "self spectatorship" online and how it relates to/changes our use of media, especially cinema.

研究生之一 Paolo Ruffino 通过地图介绍了一些关于集体进化的世界观的有趣的概念； Bianca Ahmadi 将游戏电影作为一种艺术和教育形式来展示； Lindsay Todres 探讨了网络&自我旁观&，以及其如何联系/改变媒体的用途，尤其是电影。

On the base of study on arbuscular endomycorrhiza of Alnus of Changbai Mountain and nitrogen-fixing woods of Northeast of China, the paper attempted to reveal the DNA molecular polymorphism of the symbiotic arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungi for the effect that make better use of the fungi resource.

本项研究利用分子生物学技术和研究方法对中国吉林长白山地区非豆科固氮植物以及东北地区固氮树木的丛枝菌根真菌DNA分子多态性及其与宿主植物之间的相互关系等进行初步研究，旨在利用分子生态学理论和研究方法揭示丛枝菌根真菌多样性及其与宿主植物之间相互适应和协同进化的一般规律，为更好地保护和利用这一重要的微生物资源提供理论依据。

There were intelligent human beings far earlier than is supposed; and because you assume a one-line kind of progression from an apelike creature to man, you ignore any evidence that shows to the contrary.

存在过远比你们所认为的更早的智慧人类；因为你们认定了从类猿生物向人类进化的单一线性模式，所以你们忽视任何相反的证据。

The lysis efficiency was about 90% for heat-inducible vector or around 30% forUV inducible vectors. This set of autolytic units should be transferable to other vectors.

本体系能够通过简单的物理方法，将具有生物活性的胞内酶释放到胞外的，解决了定向进化的一个瓶颈问题。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。