还原剂

Much oxygen was evolved in the course of H〓 production. Sodium dithionate and DCMU make the system anaerobic, but H〓 production didn't increase, even decreased. By addition of sodium acetate, glucose, heteroauxing in the course of illumination and Fe, Ni in the course of algal growth, the H〓 production increases by P.

采用强还原剂、PSⅡ抑制剂虽然可使体系处于厌氧状态，但产氢效率并无提高，甚至下降；光照产氢过程分别外加碳源NaAc、促生长剂IAA，藻体培养过程中补充Fe和Ni的无机物均能使扁藻产氢的效率有所提高。

This protocol could also be used for the selective reduction of the endocyclic double bond of the 3-electron withdrawing group substituted coumarins. This method is clean, mild, and efficient.2 ZrCl_4 / HEH was found to be a selective and efficient reagent combination for the direct reductive amination of electron rich aldehydes and ketones with weakly basic amines after scanning various catalysts such as InCl_3, BiCl_3, CF_3COOH and so on.

图一 1。我们用汉斯酯作为有机还原剂，乙醇为溶剂，实现了4-甲叉基噁嗯唑酮和吡唑酮环外双键的高选择性还原；此外，我们还将这一还原体系用于3-吸电子集团取代-3，4-二氢香豆素环内双键的选择性还原。

The extraction and stability of the pigments in Tussilago farfara L. were studied. The experimental results showed that the pigments could be solved in acetone. The stability of the pigments is good when pH is within 3~9; the oxidizing agents, reducing agents and common food additives have little influence on its stability; it is react too much with Fe(superscript 3+) ion, and Na(superscript +) ion showed a certain increment effect on the color; the heat performance of the pigments is good when under 60℃.

研究了款冬花色素的热稳定性、氧化还原稳定性和pH值稳定性，并对常用的几种食品添加剂对款冬花色素的稳定性进行了探讨，结果表明：款冬花色素易溶于丙酮，属于脂溶性色素；在pH＝3～9时，款冬花色素的稳定性较好；氧化还原剂及食品添加剂对其稳定性影响不大，Fe(上标 3+)金属离子对其影响显著，Na有增色作用；水浴温度在60℃以下色素的热稳定性较好。

The results showed that fumaric acid is most favorable to prepare MnO2 sol.

结果表明，富马酸是制备MnO2溶胶比较合适的还原剂，Span80和Tween80复配乳化剂的效果最好，在油∶溶胶=4∶1，乳状液∶三乙胺=8∶3的条件下制得的纳米MnO2微粒，其形貌为规整的球体，粒径均匀，几乎为单分散性。

Using glyoxylic acid to replace the harmful chemical substance formaldehyde as a reducing agent, an copper layer was deposited on rosin substrate by this electroless copper plating technology.

用乙醛酸代替有害的化学药品甲醛作为还原剂，在树脂基材上进行化学镀铜。

Using glyoxylic acid to replace the harmful chemical substance such as formaldehyde as a reducing agent, an electroless copper plating on difficulty deposited substrates was fulfilled, which including Al,Ti and wafers having TiN and TiSiN as the barrier layers.The surface morphologies and grain structures of copper deposits prepared were analyzed.

摘 要：采用乙醛酸代替有害的化学药品作为还原剂的化学镀技术，在工业纯铝片、工业纯钛片、以TiN作为扩散防护层的硅片和以TiSiN作为扩散防护层的硅片等难镀材料实现了化学镀铜。

The research result of the reaction between DMHAN and heptavalent technetium in nitric acid indicates that, in the studied range, DMHAN does not react with heptavalent technetium, which means that, heptavalent technetium does not directly consume DMHAN. 4, The research result of the reaction between MMH and Tc in nitric acid indicates that, this reaction is composed of three stages, induction period, fast reaction period and the termination of the reaction.

3，DMHAN和七价锝反应的研究结果表明：研究范围内，DMHAN不与七价锝发生反应，即七价锝的存在不会造成还原剂DMHAN的消耗； 4，MMH与七价锝反应的研究结果表明：MMH与七价锝的反应分为三个阶段，即诱导期、快速反应阶段和反应终止。

This essay focuses on the extraction of Berberis heteropoda pigment with different impregnants, the influences that different pH condition and different mentalion take on the Berberis heteropoda pigment＇s stability, as well as that oxidizer and reducing agent take on its stability.

研究了不同溶剂对小檗色素的提取效果，以及不同pH、不同金属离子、氧化剂和还原剂对该色素稳定性的影响。

Tetrachloroterephthalic acid was prepared by chlorinating terephthalic acid, oleumsolvent and iodine catalyst. Tetrachloroterephthalic acid was acylated by sulphurous oxychloride in the presence of DMF to form tetrachloroterephthaloyl chloride. The acyl chloride product was fluorinated by potassium fluoride and esterified by methanol to synthesize dimethyl tetrafluoroterephthalate. The ester was reduced with potassium borohydride and lithium chloride to give tetrafluoroterephthalyl alcohol. The above product was bromated in the hydrobromic acid to obtain 4-bromomethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-benzene methanol. 4-Methyl-2,3,5,-6-tetrafluorobenzene ethanol was obtained by reducing the bromide with magnesium. In the exist of DCC and DMAP, tefluthrin was got by the condensation reaction between 4-methyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-benzene methanol and-(1RS,3RS)- 3-(2- chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl cycolpropanecar-boxylate acid.

对苯二甲酸与氯气在碘存在下以发烟硫酸为溶剂进行氯化制备四氯对苯二甲酸；再以DMF为催化剂与二氯亚砜反应生成四氯对苯二甲酰氯；以氟化钾为氟化剂，环丁砜为溶剂置换氟化，再与甲醇酯化得到四氟对苯二甲酸甲酯；以KBH4-LiCl为还原剂二甲醚为溶剂反应制得四氟对苯二甲基苄醇；以氯苯为溶剂在溴化氢溶液中溴化得到溴化产物；在乙醇溶液中经镁粉还原得到4-甲基-2，3，5，6-四氟苄醇；甲基苄醇与功夫酸在催化剂二环己基碳二亚胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶作用下缩合得到七氟菊酯，总收率达43.6%。

Chain aggregation into polymeric micelles inaqueous solutions was observed by ~1H NMR, and the morphologie and size of themicelle was also studied by TEM and DLS.

以线性或星形PDMAEMA同时作为稳定剂和还原剂，水为溶剂，在室温下合成了分散性很好、尺寸均匀的银纳米粒子。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。