近轴的

Proceedings from the theory of geometric optics,the condition adaxial noncoherent imaging of Fizeau opticalsynthetic aperture imaging system is derived to achieve diffracion limited performance over a finite field of view,and the conclusion is that the angular magnification of the individual telescope must be equal to the linear demagnification factor.

从几何光学理论出发，详细推导了斐索型光学合成孔径成像系统的近轴非相干成像条件，即子望远系统的角放大率等于系统的线性缩放因子。对于焦平面上的像点而言，合成孔径成像系统可等效为一个带有特殊形状孔径光阑的望远系统，这要求该孔径光栏的开口形状和位置分布与合成孔径成像系统各子系统孔径大小和位置分布相一致。

In order to study the propagation of partially coherent modified Bessel-Gaussian beams passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system with hard-edge aperture,the approximate analytical propagation equation was derived with the hard-edged aperture function expanded into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions.

为了对部分相干修正贝塞尔－高斯光束通过有硬边光阑近轴4BCD光学系统的传输进行研究，采用将硬边光阑窗口函数展开为有限个复高斯函数之和的方法，得到了近似的解析传输公式。

In this work, the equations describing circular Gaussian beams propagating inside absorptive Keer medium have been derived from nonlinear paraxial equation. Based on the equations, an evolution equation of beam waist lias been obtained.

本文从非线性近轴波方程出发，导出了在吸收克尔介质中具有二次位相因子的圆对称高斯光束的传输方程，得到了光束束腰的演化方程。

Taking stray light in "Shenguang III" as the study subject and basing on the basic principle of geometrical optics,Applying the technological path of paraxial ray and real ray tracing,a new analytic way and data structure,which suits for the specific requirement in analysis and process of ghost images,is presented.

本课题就是以"神光-Ⅲ"激光装置中的杂散光为研究对象，针对高功率多程放大系统在鬼像分析与处理方面特殊要求，从光线光学的基本原理出发，应用近轴光线与空间光线追迹技术路线，提出一种新型的分析方法和数据结构。

Applying matrix optics to paraxial rays, which travel through different optical elements illuminated with high-power Gaussian beams, the positions of ghost image s affected by Kerr-effect-induced nonlinear refractive index of the illuminated optics are studied.

在近轴条件下，利用矩阵光学的方法研究了高功率高斯光束通过不同光学元件时，克尔效应导致的介质折射率的变化对鬼像位置的影响。

At this point, with a limited degree of familiarity with paraxial optics, and believing that only lens designers with a penchant for algebra can understand the subject, the vast majority of students opt out.

这种情况下，学生仅仅熟悉了一点近轴光学的知识，然后就是胡思乱想的假设只有嗜好代数运算的镜头设计专家才可以懂这一门学问，最后，大部分学生选择了放弃努力。

Under the condition of small angle misalignment, the effecton output beam's near-field distribution of CO2 lasers with two-dimensional axisymmetric-fold combination cavity was ascertained after analyzing and simulating beams combination output based on the axis determination of misaligned plano-concave and concave-plano-concave cavity resonator.

为了研究小角度失调对二维轴对称－折叠组合腔CO2激光器输出光束的近场分布的影响，在利用矩阵理论确定平凹谐振腔和凹－平－凹谐振腔失调后的光轴的基础上，采用光束并和思想，对输出光束进行了理论分析和模拟。

Especially for kw_0≥30, the results coincide with each other verywell. By expanding the exact solution, it can be seen clearly that the zeroth order term is just the paraxial one, so the paraxial approximation field is good enough to replace the exact field when the beam width is large to some extent.

结果表明对于腰宽仅有几倍波长的强聚焦高斯光束，低相速度区仍然存在，并且低相速度区分布的规律与近轴近似场结果在本质上是一致的。

Descovered by microsurey, the small bulb formed by level cells which originate from scales by cutting is external origination. The level cells forms unrules large towers.whith have mound shapes, strick shapes and lobate shapes etc.

显微观察发现，小鳞茎的形成直接起源于扦插鳞片切口端近轴面的表层细胞，是外起源的，表层细胞分裂形成不规则的巨型突起，有丘状、棒状、叶状等。

The propagation of Gaussian bea ms through a paraxial ABCD optical system with hard edge aperture is studied. In the treatment the rectangular function is expanded into a sum of complex Gaussia n functions, thus the approximate analytical propagation expression can be deriv ed.

对高斯光束通过有硬边光阑近轴 ABCD光学系统的传输进行了研究，采用将矩形函数展开为复高斯函数的技巧，推导出了近似的解析传输公式。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。