近轴

By means of the Fourier series expansion, an approximate analytical propagation equation of flattened Gaussian beams passing through an apertured paraxial ABCD optical system is derived, and illustrated with numerical examples, when the transmissivity of the aperture is T = cos.

用傅立叶级数展开法研究了平顶高斯光束通过有光阑限制的近轴ABCD光学系统的传输特性，导出了光阑透射率为T=cos时的近似解析传输公式，硬边光阑的情况可作为Ω=0的特例得到。

By means of the Fourier series expansion,an app roximate analytical propagation equation of flattened Gaussian beams passi ng through an apertured paraxial ABCD optical system is derived,and illustr ated with numerical examples,when the transmissivity of the aperture is T=cos.

用傅里叶级数展开法研究了平顶高斯光束通过有光阑限制的近轴ABCD光学系统的传输特性，导出了光阑透射率为T =cos时的近似解析传输公式，硬边光阑的情况可作为Ω=0的特例得到。

It is found from experiment that when pumped by skew light along the fibre's axis, both transverse electric wave and transverse magnetic wave exist in WGM lasing emission simultaneitly. With the increase of refractive index of cladding dye solution, the wavelength spacing between TE and TM waves of which the radial mode number and angular mode number are the same value decreases, and the central lasing wavelength of WGM bluely shifts to short wavelength direction.

实验发现，在抽运光以偏斜光线方式沿光纤的近轴向抽运时，回音壁模式的光纤激光辐射中，既存在光电矢量和光纤径向垂直的横电波，也存在光电矢量和光纤径向平行的横磁波；随增益包层染料溶液折射率的增加，径向模式数和角模式数相同的TE波和TM波之间的波长差单调减小，回音壁模式激光辐射的中心波长向短波方向移动，辐射的波长范围变窄。

In order to study the physiological basis of dormancy relieving with low temperature in Fritillaria thunbergii,isoperoxidase changes of bud,adaxial epiderm and inner tissues in scale were assayed by means of electrophoresis over the course of dormancy relieving.

中文摘要：为了探讨浙贝母低温解除休眠的生理机制，利用电泳方法研究了芽、鳞片近轴面表皮与鳞片内部组织3个部位在休眠解除过程中过氧化物酶同工酶的变化。

Based on the Collins integral formula, the propagation of generalized hypergeometric beams in paraxial ABCD optical systems is studied and the analytical expressions for complex amplitude at output plane are obtained.

利用柯林积分公式研究了广义超几何光束在ABCD近轴光学系统中的传播行为，得到了光束在输出平面复振幅的解析表达式。

Descovered by microsurey, the small bulb formed by level cells which originate from scales by cutting is external origination. The level cells forms unrules large towers.whith have mound shapes, strick shapes and lobate shapes etc.

显微观察发现，小鳞茎的形成直接起源于扦插鳞片切口端近轴面的表层细胞，是外起源的，表层细胞分裂形成不规则的巨型突起，有丘状、棒状、叶状等。

Adopt optimized transformation system of the melon cultivar: the explant infected in the engineering bacterium the OD560 of which was 0.30 for 15min, and co-cultured for 3days; Choosing cultivated in MS +1mg/L 6 - BA + 500mg/L carb + 75mg/L Kan, extend cultivated in MS +0.05mg/L 6 - BA + 300mg/L carb + 75mg/L Kan and rhizogenic cultivated in 1/2MS + 200mg/L cef + 25mg/L Kan.

对甜瓜栽培品种的转化采用已优化好的转化体系：农杆菌菌液OD560=0.3，侵染时间为15min，外植体选用近轴端子叶；共培养时间为72h。

All the species are characterized by having an adaxial epidermis of the ligules consisting of oblong, tabular cells, with the radical and tangential walls being straight; the outer wall with a characteristic thickening along the median plane of the cell; the median plane of the cuticle of outer wall with a pattern of longitudinal rugose stripes; and no systematic connection between the patterns of adjacent cells.

所有种类舌片近轴面的细胞为板状，长圆形；径向、切向壁直；外壁特征性突起，外壁中央为纵向皱纹，相邻细胞之间的纹饰无系统连接。

Considering the contributions due to viewed cone centred on the object point and extending through the luminnor body, the distribution of intensity in the image plane can be expressed by the integration of emitted powers of luminor body over the entire sightline under the paraxial approximation.

考虑到成像光锥的贡献，在近轴近似下，得到了用发光体的辐射强度表示像平面上照度分布的积分表达式，由此得到下列结果：1沿光路上每一垂直于光路的平面上能量贡献是一样的。2由于光路积分，探测器测到的光强涨落的幅度小于实际的涨落幅度，但在一定的条件下，发光体的涨落图像可重现。

The propagation of Gaussian bea ms through a paraxial ABCD optical system with hard edge aperture is studied. In the treatment the rectangular function is expanded into a sum of complex Gaussia n functions, thus the approximate analytical propagation expression can be deriv ed.

对高斯光束通过有硬边光阑近轴 ABCD光学系统的传输进行了研究，采用将矩形函数展开为复高斯函数的技巧，推导出了近似的解析传输公式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。