近距离的

This kind of throwing motion can be used at short distances when a quick spin is needed, but is not very useful for throws longer than a half-turn.

当距离较近，需要较快的转速时，这种情形是有用的，但当投掷距离比半周投掷的合适距离远时，就不那么管用了。

When you close to them,you will find they are far away,they are apart.Over the way,light-year.

但是在你跨越所有的距离，以更近的距离去看那些星云时，你会发现，他们是如此地遥远，甚至超过了你用光年的距离看他们的距离。

Results Same conservative sites and key catalytic sites existed among SjLDH and LDHs from other species. Similarity of SjLDH compared to CsLDH, TvLDH and HsLDH was 75%, 17%, 58%-60% respectively. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the evolution relation between SjLDH and DmLDH was closer than the relation between SjLDH and CeLDH, the relationship between SjLDH and HsLDH-B,-C was closer than HsLDH-A. Three trans-membrane regions were found, the region of 98aa-106aa in three hydrophilia regions located outside of membrane was inferred as the major antigen epitope. This antigen epitope had significant difference with LDHs from protozoon （ Pf ., Tg ., Tv .） and had 1-3 amino acid residue difference with MmLDH, HsLDH-A,-B,-C, and was the same with CsLDH. One of the key catalytic residues and substrate binding loop were located in this region. Tertiary structure demonstrated that 98aa-106aa was on the surface of the protein and formed a substrate binding loop, other two key catalytic sites were at the position near the loop.

结果 SjLDH与其他物种的同源序列含相同的保守位点及催化活性位点，与华支睾吸虫LDH同源性最高为75％，与阴道毛滴虫LDH同源性最低为17%，与人LDH（HsLDH-A，-B，-C）的同源性为58%~60％； SjLDH与果蝇的进化距离较秀丽隐杆线虫为近，3种人LDH中与HsLDH-B、-C的进化距离较HsLDH-A为近；该蛋白具有3个跨膜区域，3个高亲水性区域，主要的线性表位98aa~106aa位于膜外，与原虫LDH相同区域差异显著，而与其他LDH有1~3个氨基酸的差异，关键催化位点之一及底物丙酮酸结合区域位于该区域，蛋白质同源模建分析表明该区域位于蛋白表面形成环状结构，3个关键催化位点位于该区域或在其附近。

The interdental distance between the mesial groove of the first molars and distal groove of the second molars was measured on the maxillary dental casts. The interdental distances at the end of experimental tooth movement and retention were calculated. The effectuality of retentive appliances was evaluated by comparing the tooth movement distances between the experimental side and control side.

在加力结束后和保持结束后即刻制取上颌石膏模型，测量所有模型的第一磨牙牙合面近中沟与第二磨牙牙合面远中沟的距离，计算加力结束后与保持结束后的距离，比较实验侧与对照侧的牙齿移动距离，评价保持装置的有效性。

Furthermore, out of 497 fAFLP markers, 80 special bands were found to be able to distinguish the four groups from each other and may be applied for germplasm characterization and molecular assistant classification of Meretrix clam.4 Molecular classification of two species of Meretrix clam based on fAFLP and ITS sequences4.1 The results of fAFLP maker analysis of S, G and W showed that each group had their own specific loci among which there were 53 special loci in W group, much more than those of S group (14) and G group (21). Among the 53 loci, nine were all dominant loci. These unique loci could be taken as molecular markers to distinguish W from other groups. The genetic similarity indexes and distance matrix between S and G groups were 0.9585 and 0.0424 respectively, but the genetic similarity indexes and distance matrix between W group and S or G group was 0.7939 or 0.7941, and 0.2308 or 0.2305 respectively. The results revealed that significant difference existed between W and S or G groups in molecular genetic structure. The phylogenetic trees by the methods of UPGMA and NJ also indicated that S and G populations were very closely related, while W population was a relatively independent cluster, lying beyond the species which S and G belong to.4.2 The internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA from S group, G group and W group were PCR amplified and sequenced. The results showed that the size of ITS ranged between 1266-1269bp in W group, while those in G and S groups were 1614bp and 1520bp respectively. The GC content ranged 62.32-62.62% in W group while it was 61.77% in G group. The genetic distances between three populations of W group were 0.001～0.003, but it was 0.110 or 0.147 respectively between W group and G group or S group. Phylogenetic trees by NJ method also showed that G group was very closely related to S group, while W group was a relatively independent cluster.

在457个总扩增位点中找出了53个W的特有位点，远多于S群体(14)和G(21)群体，而且在53个特有位点中有9个出现频率为100%的位点，这些位点可以作为区分其它2个群体的特征性标记；S– G群体特有的位点有112个，其中有4个位点出现频率为100%，可作为S– G群体区别于W群体的特征性标记。S群体和G群体间的遗传相似性系数为0.9585，遗传距离只有0.0424，在NJ和UPGMA法构建的亲缘关系的树状图上均首先聚在一起，说明二者的亲缘关系很近，应属于种内群体间的关系；而W与S和G的遗传相似性系数均较小(0.7939和0.7941)，相对遗传距离很大而且十分相近(0.2308和0.2305)，在亲缘关系树状图上单独分出一支，也表明W与S和G群体间的亲缘关系较远。4.2 ITS序列比较分析通过对白壳文蛤、山东文蛤和广西文蛤的ITS序列扩增电泳、PCR-RFLP分析和ITS序列分析发现，W的ITS序列长度在1266-1269 bp，而S和与G的ITS序列总长度分别为1520 bp和1614 bp；从ITS1和ITS2长度来看，W分别为739-741 bp和316-317 bp，S为895 bp和414 bp，G为987 bp和416 bp；而从ITS碱基组成来看，W的GC含量在62.32-62.62%之间，而G群体为61.77%。W的3个壳色不同群体间的遗传距离仅0.001、0.002和0.003，S与G群体间的遗传距离是0.010，说明W群体内变异很小，而S与G群体间已出现明显的遗传分化，但还均属于种内群体间的遗传变异；而W与G和S的遗传距离分别达到0.110、0.147，两个类群差异显著，已远超出种内群体间的遗传变异。

The physical maps of mtDNAs from N.taihuensis Chen,Salvelinus taxa and Salmo salar were analyzed.Genetic distances between mtDNAs were calculated by the formula of Nei and Li(1979).Phylogenetic reconstruction method,UPGMA,was used to analyze the genetic relationships and the molecular dendrogram was established and revealed:the genetic distance between Salvelinus taxa and Salmo salar is 12.23% and that between N.taihuensis Chen and Salvelinus taxa-S.salar is 21.36%.Thisc indicates that Salangidae diverged from Salmoninae earlier.

比较了鲑形目3种鱼的线粒体DNA物理图谱，根据限制性位点差异法计算它们之间的遗传距离，利用UPGMA聚类分析法构建分子聚类图，结果表明：红点鲑属与大西洋鲑先聚在一起，再与太湖新银鱼相聚，前两者间遗传距离为12.33%，亲缘关系较近，太湖新银鱼与这两者间的遗传距离为21.36%，亲缘关系较远，表明银鱼科与鲑科分离较早。

Part II: In accordance with the meaning of Zhuang toponomys, summed up several factors strong associated with the spatial distribution of the Zhuang toponomy,including the altitude, distance to the central cities, and distance to traffic line, whether in the land of paddy soil or irrigation area, the slope and aspect.

第二部分：根据壮语地名的涵义，总结出了海拔高度，与中心城市距离，与交通线距离，是否靠近或在灌溉用地或水稻土范围内、山体坡度、坡向几个与壮语地名的空间分布存在相关性的因子，经过统计分析发现壮语地名和非壮语地名相比较而言在空间分布上具有这样的特点：聚居地海拔高，与中心城市距离远，拥有灌溉耕地的机会多，距离铁路近。

The plum-apricot germplasm resources were analyzed by RAPD markers. The results showed that plum-apricot was more close to the related species with low polymorphism. The clustering results were indicated that most plum-apricots were more close to Chinese plum with the similarity of morphological description, thus the female parent for plum-apricot was probably plum in the occurrence naturally. The result of S allele-specific PCR amplification showed that plum-apricot had only one band with the similarity with plum, thus evolution similarity of plum-apricot was more close to plum than apricot.

5对参试杏梅种质资源的RAPD分析表明，杏梅与其近缘种之间亲缘关系较近，多态性相对较少；聚类分析结果显示大部分的杏梅与中国李的遗传距离较近，与形态学上的描述基本一致，因此杏梅种质资源在自然界中产生时，其母本可能为李；同时S等位基因的扩增结果显示杏梅与李的扩增条数一致，都为一条，因此推断杏梅与李的进化趋同性可能较杏更近。

In the world the chilliest beautiful distance is two people originallyis away from very far, mutually is not acquainted with one another,suddenly one day, they are acquainted with one another, fall in love,the distance changes very much near.

世界上最凄美的距离是两个人本来距离很远，互不相识，忽然有一天，他们相识，相爱，距离变得很近。

However, the actual uses of demonstratives operate in a much more complicated fashion and the traditional view does not account well for all the uses in our corpus.

指示词&这&用于指称与说话人距离近的事物，是近指词；&那&用于所指与说话人距离远的情况，是远指词。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。