近似计算

In the paper, based on the hypothesis that the failure of every poles is independent and by the method of reliability assign and reassign, the difficult problem of disposing the structure system reliability constraints is solved. Based on sensitivity information, the given system failure probability can be replaced by the sum of every element failure probability.

针对基于体系可靠性约束优化设计的关键问题一结构体系可靠性的分析和计算，在基于结构各单元失效相互独立假设的基础上，提出了以各单元失效概率摘要之和近似体系失效概率的处理方法，并给出了体系可靠性分配和再分配的方法，以确保结构体系在优化过程中的可靠性，实现了结构基于体系可靠性的优化设计。

In the paper, based on the hypothesis that the failure of every poles is independent and by the method of reliability assign and reassign, the difficult problem of disposing the structure system reliability constraints is solved. Based on sensitivity information, the given system failure probability can be replaced by the sum of every element failure probability. And then the structural optimization design based on system reliability is preceded.

针对基于体系可靠性约束优化设计的关键问题一结构体系可靠性的分析和计算，在基于结构各单元失效相互独立假设的基础上，提出了以各单元失效概率之和近似体系失效概率的处理方法，并给出了体系可靠性分配和再分配的方法，以确保结构体系在优化过程中的可靠性，实现了结构基于体系可靠性的优化设计。

In this paper, we use approximate distribution comes from probability generating function in estimating credit VaR. Further, we perform the credit VaR sensitive analysis for multi-sector factors based on different sector correlation assumption.

本文在信用风险加成模型之下，利用机率产生函数的近似分配计算信用风险值，并在多个部门因子中，在不同相关性部门因子分配假设下，比较信用风险值之敏感度分析。

These values are generally in good agreement with the proper motion velocities.

利用这些值并假设散射屏处在近似脉冲星和地球的中间，我们计算了7颗脉冲星的横向速度，这些值和自行速度吻合的很好。

To solve the problem encountered in finding a proper rotation matrix and translation vector, approximate and precise solutions are provided successively. The approximate one has the advantage of utilizing existing solution, with limited range of weight to choose from. The precise one has no limit to weight, and can also prevent the problem of obtaining a mirror matrix of the correct one. Besides, it permits the'hat'to be amplified to fit the size of'head'.

其中近似解可以直接套用现成的公式计算，但是权重的选择余地不大，而精确解则无此限制，而且从理论上解决了不同权重下求解旋转矩阵和平移向量时，可能出现错误的旋转矩阵的问题，并允许在配准时对"帽"进行缩放以适应"头"和"帽"的大小不匹配的问题。

A program based on four kinds of methods in thermal analysis is designed for finding out the mechanism of decomposition reaction of explosives and calculating their kinetic parameters. Compared with the Kissinger's method, the program here adopted has the advantage of exploring the reaction mechanism besieds a calculation of the kinetic parameters. Mechanism of decomposition of the explosive PYX was determined applying this program. The kinetic parameters of PYX calculated by non-isothermal integral meth...

以热分析理论为依据，摒弃了以往仅用一种热分析法进行反应动力学研究和近似假设─—炸药的热分解反应机理f＝（1—α）n所带来的弊病，采取4种热分析方法（等温积分法、等温微分法、非等温微分法、非等温积分法）相结合的方法，编制了计算程序，首先判断反应机理，然后求取动力学参数，用所编程序对PYX炸药的反应动力学进行了研究，用非等温法判断了PYX炸药的反应机理，并求得动力学参数，所求参数与Kissinger法求得的结果十分接近。

The composite scattering between dielectric sea surface and a conducting plate above it is calculated by using Physical Optical method and reciprocity theorem. Meanwhile, the dependence of the plate size on the composite scattering field is considered. The Doppler spectrum and the chaotic characteristic for the time series of composite scattering field are analyzed. Finally, artificial neural networks and wavelet analysis are introduced into the study of the sea clutter to realize the purpose of target detection, the factors which affect the detection of the target are discussed and the solutions to these problems are given.

同时利用物理光学近似结合互异性原理计算了介质粗糙海面与其上方导体运动平板的复合散射，考虑了平板尺寸对复合散射场的影响，并对复合散射场时间序列进行了多普勒谱分析和混沌分析，最后将人工神经网络和小波分析引入到海杂波的分析当中，实现了海杂波中目标探测的功能并讨论了影响目标探测功能的因素以及解决这类问题的方法。

The result of numeric computation demonstrates that the approximate directional algorithm is robust, the result of Monte Carlo simulation shows that the performance of the optimum four-element array structure is better than the common one or the regular tetrahedron one.

数值计算结果表明，提出的近似定向算法是可靠的；计算机蒙特卡罗仿真结果表明，导出的最佳四元阵列性能优于普通的四元阵和正四面体阵。

Firstly, this paper uses the method of renormalization group to deal with the Ising Model of equilibrium phase transition and calculate and compare the critical index of the model of square cell with different lattices, which leads to the finding that the size of Kadanoff cell have greater influence on the approximate treatment of interactions between cells.

本文首先用重正化群方法处理了平衡相变的Ising模型，计算了不同格点数的正方形元胞模型的临界指数并进行对比，发现Kadanoff 元胞的大小对元胞间相互作用的近似处理影响较大。

Comparing the results obtained from the method of renormalization and of the form factors, one finds that if we adjust the parameters, it is possible to make the two sets approach each other better.

我们把用这种方法得到的结果与重整化的结果比较，发现在计算强子传播子时，这两种方法的数值结果近似。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。