近似方法

Juergen Pipper says the device can process complex tasks in a way similar to a traditional biological laboratory.

Juergen Pipper 说，该装置能用近似于传统生物实验室的方法进行复杂的任务。

For lensless magnification mode, the subtraction method was presented to eliminate the system total aberration to get the 3D phase information of the phase gating by using Fresnel approximation approach and the convolution approach, respectively.

在无透镜放大数字显微全息系统中，分别利用菲涅耳近似法和卷积方法再现原始物波前，并提出相减法消除系统主要球面误差，获得相位光栅的深度信息。

Based on the theorems of holography and linear system,the numerical reconstructing methods of the off-axis lensless Fourier transform hologram by Fresnel diffraction formula and by the convolution method based on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral and by angular spectrum theorem are studied.

根据全息理论和线性系统理论，采用离轴无透镜傅里叶变换全息记录光路，对利用菲涅耳近似法、基于瑞利—索末菲衍射积分的卷积法以及角谱理论方法数值重建全息图进行了比较研究，并做了计算机模拟验证。

The extended Kalman filtering method adopts the method to linearize the non-linear system approximately, and the problem of non-linear system filtering is solved.

扩展卡尔曼滤波采取对非线性系统近似线性化的处理方法，解决了非线性系统滤波问题。

Through the considering of two kinds of prior information—conjugate priorand noninformative prior,and by use of the method of Bayesian analysis,we obtain that the posteriordistribution of parameter in the model is approximate to Normal distribution.

考虑两类先验信息，即共轭先验和无信息先验，利用贝叶斯分析方法，得到模型参数的后验分布近似为正态分布。

First, a model of transformer has been built and analysed to formulate the expression of pulse on the load capacitor, which can demonstrate the influence of major parameters of transfomer on the charging time and efficiency of energy-transmitting. The influence of output pulse when the resistor of circuit is being took into account also has been analysed by the means of circuit simulation and approximate solution of circuit equation. The efficiency of energy-transmitting under dual nonresonant condition has been analysed and the parameters of transformer has been decided.

首先，对空心变压器的理论模型进行了分析，在得到了输出脉冲电压的表达式的基础上分析了变压器各主要参数对脉冲充电时间和充电时能量传输效率的影响；同时还通过近似求解状态方程的方法对考虑线路电阻时输出脉冲受到的影响进行了分析；讨论了在非双谐振情况下的能量传输效率的问题。

By investigating the frame dependency in the advanced FGS, this thesis novelly proposes the EOD function to approximate the influence of the parameter selection in the current frame on the following frames.

通过实验指出了帧间相关性在可伸缩视频编码的率失真优化中不可忽略，并首次提出了通过定义EOD函数来近似帧间相关性的方法。

As compared to our ancestors in the field of strongly correlated condensed matter physics half a century ago, we are facing with much more challenging problems which are often beyond the capability of the traditional perturbative methods, although we already have many more advanced analytical tools at our disposal.

与半个世纪前强关联凝聚态物理领域的研究人员相比，现在的我们有更多的高级解析工具可用，但我们所面对的问题也变得更难了，在许多情况下传统的微扰近似的方法都已失效。然而，对这些问题我们也并不是毫无希望的。

In a 1997 interview, Plass told me,"all sorts of things came together" that placed him at the scientific forefront: new detailed laboratory measurements of the absorption bands of water vapor, carbon dioxide and ozone; theoretical developments involving the influence of temperature and pressure on infrared absorption; new information about the carbon cycle and industrial emissions; and access to a new high-speed electronic computer to facilitate complex calculations of radiative transfer that replaced the older, graphical approximations.

在1997年的一次采访中，普拉斯告诉我：&所有的事情都赶在一块儿&，把他推到了研究的最前沿：测量水蒸气、二氧化碳和臭氧的吸收光谱带有了新的实验方法；温度和压强对红外吸收的影响理论有了新的发展；碳循环和工业废气排放有了新的资料；新的高速电子计算机代替了老式的图解近似法，让辐射传热的复杂计算变得简单了。

Characteristic matrix method is used to analyse the spectral response of the Rugate filter approximately. Amplification using Rugate filter spectral compensation is analysed numerically.

由普通均匀多层膜的特征矩阵方法近似分析了设计出的Rugate滤波器的光谱响应，数值模拟了Rugate滤波器的光谱补偿效果。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。