近似方法

In this algorithm, by initially setting a larger threshold of rate-distortion slope and marking the channels that their rate-distortion slopes are larger than the thresholds in each coding block as "selected state", and then decreasing the threshold step by step until the sum of the rate of those selection exceeds the predefined rate limitation, an approximate optimal truncation point will be obtained.

本算法通过初始设置一个较大的长度－失真斜率阈值，将每个编码块中长度－失真斜率大于该阈值的通道置为"选入"状态，逐次减小该阈值并重复上述过程，直到状态为"选入"的通道的累积码流长度大于设定的码流长度，得到近似的最优截断点，再采用舍弃最小斜率的方法获得最优截断点以实现码率控制。

In this thesis, Approximation concept is introduced to analyses the structure shape optimum of the truss.

本文用一种近似的方法对桁架结构进行结构形状优化，以达到节材的目的。

Plyfil composite yarns is similar to two-ply yarn structures.

纺纱方法决定着成纱结构，成纱结构与纱线组成原料又决定了纱线的性能。sirofil复合纱线纺纱时长丝与短纤纱须条的间距及长丝的张力，plyfil复合线加工时二组分间并线张力对成纱结构及纱线的性能有着重要影响。sirofil复合纱的成纱横截面呈近似圆形结构，长丝位于成纱的一侧；纵向呈有"股线螺纹"的单纱外观。plyfil复合线具有类似于传统双股线的横截面和纵向外观。

The main idea of the simulation is adopting Monte Carlo method and the classical over barrier model to simulate the randomicity of the charge exchange processes between projectile and metal and the dispersing of projectile's continuum movement. In each step, the movement of projectile is considered to a uniform acceleration.

本论文模拟的基本思想是在经典过垒模型下，采用蒙特卡罗方法来模拟入射离子与固体间电荷交换过程的随机性，并将入射离子连续的运动过程离散化，在每一个步长中，将入射离子的运动近似看成是匀加速直线运动。

There are very sophisticated randomized algorithms for convex and non-convex optimization that rely on recently-developed methods for approximately generating uniformly distributed random variables on convex sets.

有一些关于凸型和非凸型最优化的非常复杂的随机算法，它们依赖于最近研究出的一些方法，在凸型集合中近似地产生平均分布的随机变量。

In this paper, two dimensional shallow flow—pollutants coupled model, which applies uninstructed grid finite volume method and Riemann approximate solver, is used to gain the trend of hydrodynamics and water quality change under the condition of driving force. Mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorous circle of WASP5 is considered in the water quality part of the model according to nutrition actuality of shallow lake in the cities.Xuanwu Lake is object of research in this paper.

本文针对城市浅水湖泊富营养化加剧现状，结合WASP5模型中有关氮和磷的循环机理，并将该机理写入已有的二维浅水流体水量模型中加以耦合，应用在无结构网格下的有限体积法与黎曼近似解求解的方法，求解湖泊在外驱动作用下的湖泊水动力和水质因子氮和磷的变化。

The estimation on the zone constraint violation was avoided; as a consequence the selection of the approximate setpoint when the control variable violates its zone constraint was skipped.

本文对具有区间预测的控制算法进行了研究，提出了一种新的"软约束"实现方法，不需要判断输出变量是否违反区间控制要求，避免了近似设定值的选取问题。

The method uses expansion in terms of scaling functions to approximate the axial field component and transforms the field equation into a matrix equation by applying a variational formulation.

在该方法中，用尺度函数把场分量近似为级数，通过变分公式把波导问题化为矩阵方程。

The Discrete Variational Method for molecules and clusters is described in detail.

文中首先描述了离散变分方法的理论基础—密度泛函理论及其局域密度近似。

In the sense of Von Karman large displacement, the governing equation of nonlinear dynamic response of the clamped circular plates under impact of a mass is established by using the virtual displacement principle and Galerkin's method in this paper. The effect of coupling between the impact load and the displacement of. the circular plates is considered. The governing equation is solved by applying the time increment method and the singular perturbation theory, and the asymptotic solutions of nonlinear dyna...

本文在Von Kármán大位移的意义上，利用虚位移原理伽辽金方法建立了圆板在物体撞击下的非线性动力响应的控制微分方程，在研究响应问题时，考虑了冲击载荷与圆板位移响应之间的耦合影响，文中使用时间增量法和奇异摄动理论求解问题的控制方程，获得了固支圆板非线性动力响应的近似解，并且求解了具体算例，绘出了圆板位移、应力响应曲线以及冲击力随时间的变化曲线。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。