近似方法

According to the need of reality,the dynamic fuzzy data is separated to fuzzy data and dynamic data,a new expression method of dynamic degree is proposed,and the approximate calculation method of dynamic degree is given.

文章分析了动态模糊逻辑理论中动态模糊数据的构成，根据实际需要，将动态模糊数据分离成模糊数据和动态数据进行表示，提出了一种新的动态度的表示方法，并给出了动态度的近似计算方法。

Combining the definition of CWT and the derivative property of convolution, we constructed a general method to calculate the approximate derivative of signal through CWT by using the first and second derivative of Gaussian function, Haar, and the first derivative of three-order-Spline function as wavelets. As compared with the other approaches of calculating derivative, which include the numerical differentiation, polynomial filters, Fourier transform, and the recently proposed DWT method, fast calculation and simple mathematical operation were remarkable advantages of CWT method. For the signal corrupted by severe noise (Signal-toNoise Ratio=5), the satisfactory results could also obtained via CWT method through appropriately adiusting the dilations.

在此基础上，(1)结合连续小波变换的特点和卷积的微分性质，提出了使用Gaussian函数的一阶和二阶导数，Haar和三次样条函数的一阶导数作为小波函数的连续小波变换计算信号近似导数的一般性方法，与其他导数计算方法(包括数字微分法，多项式滤波法，Fourier变换法和离散小波变换法)相比，本法简单便捷，计算速度快，对于噪声含量较高的信号(S/N为5)，只要适当调节尺度即可获得比较满意的结果。

First, in the composite hypothesis testing, circular dispersion error which is more practicable than horizontal and vertical error is used to discuss some problems of the dispersion of impact points; and the critical area of decision in the dispersion problem is analyzed; the specific expression of Bayesian risk is worked out, which ameliorates the method that only can get the approximate solution by calculating numerical integration.

由此，本文主要应用Bayes方法对以下几方面进行了探讨：首先，在复杂假设下，本文利用圆散布误差这一精度指标对落点散布鉴定问题进行研究，它比以往所用的纵、横向偏差精度指标更具现实意义；分析了此鉴定问题的决策临界区域；给出其Bayes风险的具体表达式，对用数值积分进行近似求解的方法进行了改进；在此基础上，通过极小化试验的风险确定最优试验数n，并讨论了决策中犯两类错误的概率，给出了验前信息的表示。

It is an approximate theoretic method with simular result to the data of wind tunnel test .

该方法是一种近似理论方法，其结果与风洞试验数据很接近。

According to results of analysis, An approximate method calculating transfer function by site dynamic characteristics is presented.

研究了抗震规范中的为高层建筑结构作时程分析确定地震动的方法并指出不足，提出了用近似场地传递函数来确定地震动时程的实用方法。

Meanwhile, as a numerical approximation method, calculation error of meshless method is inevitable, so the adaptive process is programmed.

同时，作为一种数值近似计算方法，无网格法的计算误差是不可避免的，因此引入自适应方法。

Then it is demonstrated that the other methods are all the approximation of the stochastic method.

论证了其它方法都是随机过程方法的近似。

Furthermore, the general formula is illustrated as the weighted summation of historical position states, so as to prove that in terms of cumulative iterations, parameters of PSO have an inherent forgetting characteristic in probability, moreover the searching mechanisms of canonical PSO and Barebones particle swarm are almost the same.

通过将粒子运动的一般性描述图解为历史状态加权和的形式，进一步证明了PSO参数随迭代周期的积累，在概率意义上的遗忘特性。分析表明在经过一定周期的搜索后，标准PSO方法同Barebones粒子群方法(Barebones particle swarm， BBPS)具有近似的搜索机制。

In this thesis the solid-state reaction at room temperature was applied to prepare nanometer barium carbonate. The feasibility of this method was studied and an optimized procedure for the preparation of nanometer barium carbonate was set up.

本文采用室温固相化学反应的方法，研究了在该条件下制备纳米BaCO_3的可行性，建立了制备纳米BaCO_3的方法体系，制备了平均粒经约为100nm，形貌近似为球形的纳米BaCO_3。

After investigating into the design of classical FIR digital filter,a method of FIR filter design based on proximate best uniform approximation is proposed.

在对经典FIR数字滤波器的设计方法进行研究基础上，提出了一种基于近似最佳一致逼近原理的FIR滤波器设计方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。