近代

As far as the first aspect is concerned,the author sets up the interpretative contexture aboutthe ideas of natural rights of modern China in reference to the western ideas.

就前者而言，论文以西方近代自然权利的价值观念和理论学说为参照，确立了关于近代中国自然权利观的论述框架。

ABSTRACT The decline of the imperial examination system in modern history of china was an important culture phenomenon, and that modern cul...

科举制度在近代的衰亡，是一个重要的文化现象；而近代文化的产生与发展，又是科举制度衰亡的一个重要文化因素。

In the thesis, based on the research foundation of Jaynes-Cumming model, the dissipation and decoherence is studied via completely quantum theory.

量子光学是近代物理学中的一个十分重要的分支，由于量子光学及近代技术的发展，量子力学的基本观点和基本规律得到了实验的验证。

There are two clues in the dissertation demonstratively. One is the master line and it is about the evolution course of the university model from prototype university in the Mediaeval Ages, the preliminary differentiation in earlier modern times to nationa-style university models as well as US's research university model today.

在论文的具体论述中，论文形成了交叉进行的两条线索，一条线索是大学模式的演变历程，从中世纪的原型大学到近代早期的初步分化，再到近代以来的国别特色的大学模式的产生和现代时期美国的研究型大学模式，这是论文的主线；另外一条线索是大学知识生产的历史变迁，这是一条暗线，交织在对每个阶段大学模式发展变化的分析之中。

This cultural conflict is a determiner for the failure of political reformation in the late Qing Dynasty.

在中国近代，无论是中国传统的还是西方近代的文化意识和文化精神，都在政治改革的过程

The dissertation is to study the system, characteristics, inner and outer condition; to firstly disjoin four phases that are gestation period (1840 ~ 1894), formation period (1894 ~ 1902), new politics runtime (1902~1911), the early Republic runtime (1912~1919); to establish a academic and actual analytical frame for the neoteric moral transformation; to make the concrete characters of every phase clear; to probe the deep-seated reasons of the incomplete transformation.

通过批判性的反思意识，具体考察了中国传统德育的体系构成、特点以及转型的内、外历史条件，首次创造性地划分了德育转型的酝酿期（1840～1894）、形成期（1894～1902）、"新政"运作期（1902～1911）和民初运作期（1912～1919）四个时期，确立了德育近代转型的理论和实践分析框架，厘清了每个阶段观念转型、运作转型的具体表现形态，剖析了近代德育不完全转型的深层次原因。

And it emphasizes the necessity of the critical inheritance of humanism,and the utilization of classical analytical methods and historical analytical methodsunder the direction of materialist conception of history.At the same time,it under-lines the overcoming of doctrinairism.

再次，提出人道主义的抽象性表现在思想抹杀了阶级性和思想理论与实践的脱离；中国近代人道主义思想遗产批判继承的必要性以及在唯物史观指导下阶级分析法和历史分析法的运用和坚持发展观念，同时还强调对于中国近代人道主义思想批判继承的重要现实意义。

lifetime of isomer, high charge state, electron energy level, electron density

中国科学院近代物理研究所兰州730000；中国科学院近代物理研究所兰州730000靳根明

Chapter 2 analyses the gentry's role in the application of steam filature.

第二章，围绕近代缫丝技术的引进和应用，分析了近代士绅在其中所扮演的角色。

Therefore, the purpose of this topic research is to set out from the sociological angle, carry on a creatively thorough research on the formation and development of this block in ancient times,specifically including its characteristics and the reasons for their formation, and the relationship between it and Fujian culture especially Fuzhou cultrue;and to firstly answer the question why there were so many famous people living in this block, thoroughly analyze the ultimate motivity that push its development in ancient times even its great achievement in modern times;so as to fill in the blank of this academic research,and to make people's know about this block more thoroughly and completely,and then realize that the great achievement that it had achieved in morden times was not a historical fortuity,but deeply relied on the base of historical culture.

因此，本课题研究的目的在于从社会学的角度出发，对古代三坊七巷的形成和发展进行深入的研究，具体包括它的特点、特点的形成原因，与福建文化特别是与福州文化的关系进行了首创性的研究，初步回答了古代三坊七巷名人辈出的原因，深入分析了推动古代三坊七巷不断发展直至近代取得辉煌成就的深层动力因素，从而弥补了国内此项学术研究的空白，使人们对古代三坊七巷的了解更加系统、深入，认识到它在近代的辉煌不是历史的偶然，而是有着深厚的历史文化底蕴作依托。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。