运动神经元

BACKGROUND: F-wave is a late muscle response which results from the antidromic activation of spinal motorneurones following peripheral nerve supramaximal electrical stimulation,and influenced by the balance of excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials on spinal motomeurons.

背景：F波是末梢神经接受最大电刺激，从肌肉诱发出来的后期合成活动电位之一，是脊髓运动神经元突触后电位的反映，对F波的研究已经被作为衡量脊髓运动神经元兴奋性的一种手段。

Using CB-HRP antidromic tracing technique, the distributions of MNs innervating the muscles of three-Yang and three-Yin meridian of hand in spinal anterior horn were investigated and the dendritic progections between the MNs of homo-meridian were observed.

利用CB-HRP逆行示踪法，研究支配大鼠手三阳经和手三阴经上肢部所属肌肉运动神经元在脊髓前角的分布，观察同经运动神经元间的树突投射联系。

Alpha motor neurons send collateral axons to internuncial Renshaw cells that normally act to inhibit the motor neuron pool (feedback or recurrent inhibition).

运动神经元向闰绍氏细胞发出轴突，通常是为了抑制运动神经元池，运动传出通路能特别激活闰绍氏细胞。

Neurotrophin-3/neurotrophic factor 3 is the important member of neurotrophin family, which can prevent embryonic and postnatal motoneuron death, maintain neuron survival, promote reparation and regeneration after nervous injury, and regulate synapse activity of neuron.

神经元营养因子-3 （neurotrophin-3， NT-3），是神经营养因子家族的重要成员，具有阻止胚胎期及出生后运动神经元细胞死亡，维持神经元的存活及促进神经损伤后的修复与再生，并参与调节神经元突触活动的作用。

BACKGROUND: After local injection of Botulinum toxin type-A, not only the function of the neuromuscular conjunction was affected, but also the changes occurred remote from the injected site. F-waves result from the back fire of the motoneuron activation, which may indirectly reflect the functional state of the motoneurons.

背景：注射A型肉毒毒素后，不仅影响注射局部神经肌肉接头的功能，也可导致远隔部位的改变；F波由运动神经元逆向兴奋引起，故有可能间接评价运动神经元的功能状态。

SDNF can prevent the death of motoneurons following spinal root avulsion. Nitric oxide may play a role in these injury induced motoneuron death.

SDNF对臂丛神经根性撕脱伤所致运动神经元死亡有明显的保护作用，一氧化氮在臂丛神经根性撕脱伤所致运动神经元死亡中起一定作用。

No atrophy was found in the surviving motoneurons, and the expression of NOS was inhibited. Conclusion SDNF can prevent the motoneurons from death following spinal root avulsion. NO may play a role in the injury-induced motoneuron death.

SDNF对脊髓前角运动神经元死亡有明显的保护作用，NO在臂丛神经根性撕脱所致运动神经元死亡中起一定作用。

The pathways that regulate tone are similar to those that regulate voluntary and involuntary motor movements and, as a final common pathway, involve the spinal reflex arc.

控制张力的传导通路和那些控制随意或非随意运动的通路是一样的，即脊髓反射弧，这是一个最后的公共通路：控制肌纤维的α运动神经元位于脊髓前角，发出反射弧的传出纤维，源自肌梭的传入冲动经由Ⅰa纤维传向脊髓，这些直接与α运动神经元连接的轴突中的一部分激活主动肌。

It has been proved by previous studies that peripheral nerve injury can induce a series of changes of expression of some neural active material and their receptors either in the somata or in the terminals of the damaged primary afferent neurons and motoneurons. These changes may reflect a re-ordering of metabolic priorities so that the synthesis of trophic factors or growth-associated proteins augmented while that of neurotransmitter-related proteins decreased.

以往的研究表明，周围神经损伤能够引起受损神经元(包括初级传入神经元和运动神经元)的胞体或终末内某些神经活性物质及其受体的表达发生一系列变化，其中与神经生长和营养有关的物质常发生上调，而与神经传递有关的物质则发生下调；与此同时，受损神经元的周围常伴随发生胶质反应及神经胶质增生等变化。

METHODS: Silicon chambers were sutured respectively to the distal stumps of motorial branch of femoral nerve and saphenous nerve to collect NRCF, namely MD-NRCF and SD-NRCF. The rats cortex motoneuron were divided into 4 groups and cocultured with MD-NRCF, SD-NRCF, b-FGF and serum-free medium respectively. The cultured cells were photoed under phase-contrast microscope, their longest neurites and cell-body areas were measured by cell image processing computer system.

建立运动及感觉神经再生室模型，收集术后7天的运动及感觉神经再生条件液(MD-NRCF，SD-NRCF)，将两者以及bFGF分别加入分散培养的SD大鼠运动神经元的DMEM无血清培养基中，在倒置相差显微镜下观察并摄片，运用细胞图像分析系统测量各组细胞的胞体面积及最长突起长度；并采用MTT法检测各组神经元的细胞活性。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了