过程控制

But in the practical works, because of the neglect of cost control in the design phase and the lack of deep researches on cost control measures and regulation, the phenomenon of cost overrunning widely exists in the construction process.

然而在实际工作中，由于对设计阶段投资控制的轻视，以及对设计阶段造价控制的方法和制度缺乏深入的研究，造成了诸多建设过程中投资失控的现象。

With the paper machine producing technology development and process automation degree enhanced, during the processing of modern papermaking, the papermaker more and more pay close attention to controlling and investigation of the wet retention.

随着纸机制造技术的发展和生产过程自动化程度的日益提高，在现代造纸过程中越来越关注对湿部留着率的控制与研究。

Techniques included in the system are PC based open architecture CNC system, real time simulation of machining process, parametric CNC programming, computer vision based cams automatic positioning and in line inspecting, and grinding force adapt control.

该系统的研发过程中涉及的主要单元技术是：基于PC的开放式数控系统，加工过程的实时仿真，参数化数控编程，基于计算机视觉的凸轮自动定位和在线检测，磨削力适应控制等。

An S-shape acceleration/deceleration control model is developed by summation progression and the corner of two conjoint lines is adopted as a parametric variable to control the feedrate through the inflexion of two lines. Based on these, interpolation process is divided into two steps: interpolation pretreatment and interpolation point calculation. Feedrate planning is accomplished in the pretreatment step. Interpolation point calculating only depends on the real-time feedrate and the direction vector of the line.

该算法以级数求和的方法推导了S型加减速控制模型，并以小线段夹角为参变量控制拐点通过速度建立了小线段速度衔接模型，在此基础上，算法将插补过程分解为插补预处理及插补点计算两个步骤，预处理中对小线段进行速度规划并设计了线段速度的递推处理方法，插补点仅需根据当前速度及线段方向向量即可求出。

In order to reduce the periodic current tracking error of the deadbeat control when compensating abruptly changing nonlinear load current, a repetitive controller is plugged into the deadbeat controller. Also, the repetitive controller can alleviate the parametric dependency of the deadbeat control and eliminate the effects on compensation performance caused by the uncertainties in the system.

另外，为了降低无差拍控制对系统参数的依赖型和系统中存在的不确定性对补偿性能的影响以及减小在补偿电流变化剧烈的非线性负载电流过程中存在的周期性的局部跟踪误差，本文在无差拍控制器的基础上，又提出了基于无差拍和重复控制的复合电流控制器。

Meantime, the transparent ZnO electrode reduced the spatial separation between the liquid and the underlying electrode, and effectively photoelectric cooperative wetting occurred, with the surface changing from low adhesive to adhesive, which is propitious to develop in this field, such as the feasibility of the patterned photoelectric cooperative wetting, namely, applying a bias lower than the electrowetting threshold voltage, photoelectric cooperative wetting can be realized only at the illumination site, i.e., patterned site.

这一研究有利于拓展这一领域的发展，为开发新型的协同响应的功能浸润性界面材料提供新的思路。同时，浸润性从超疏水到亲水转变过程中，表面从低粘滞状态变为粘滞状态。这一过程为实现光电协同控制的图案化浸润提供了可能性，即在低于电浸润阈值电压的条件下，通过图案化的光照来实现液体图案化浸润。

On the basis of the related essential glass transition theory,the main effects on glass transition temperature including composition,molecular weight and plasticization were debated.

在玻璃化转变的相关基础理论上，综述了影响玻璃化转变温度的主要因素，指出了玻璃化转变温度作为建立在动力控制过程的非平衡态基础上的物理化学参数，与水分含量和水分活度两重要指标相结合，可以用来解释干燥食品加工贮藏中引起食品腐败变质的各种动力学过程

Fifthly, we research the problem about the stochastic fluctuate of the contents of organic compounds and microelements in the land under the assumption continuous-time model. The first, a dynamic model about fertility of plowland is presented using stochastic diffusion processes and distributed parameter system.

在分析了农业耕地中有机物含量及微量元素含量的随机变化过程的基础上，利用扩散随机过程理论及分布参数系统建立分析模型描述耕地肥力的分布状况；研究了以维护耕地最优质量状态作为目标值的最优控制问题。

Fuzzy identification and control theory have great potential in solving control of complex system.

模糊辨识与控制理论在解决复杂系统控制问题的过程中表现出巨大的潜力。

Firstly, the mechanism of the preparation of superfine quartz powder with ball mill is studied in this article, based on nature of quartz material, Griffiths strength theory and the crush theory of planetary ball mill. The problem of granulation during the process of the preparation of superfine quartz powder is studied minutely. And proposed increasing dispersant and disperser medium to restrain granulation, and dispersing use ultrasonic after milled.

首先，本文结合石英材料的基本物性，以格里菲斯强度理论和行星式球磨机的粉碎原理为基础，研究了球磨法制备超细石英粉体的机理，同时对粉石英制备过程中的团聚问题及其控制作了细致的研究，提出粉磨过程中增加分散剂和分散介质来抑制团聚，粉磨后采用超声法进行分散，并确定了最佳分散剂、分散介质的用量和最佳超声分散时间。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。