过程控制

In the beginning stage of the transient process in the system regulating, owing to that the time constant of the integration element is the greatest, the control effect of PID is inconspicuous, the main control action is the fuzzy control the practical control of the system is independent of the mathematical model of the object, a preferable control effect could be achieved for different kinds of systems.

在开始阶段的过渡过程中的制度规范，由于该时间常数的一体化因素是最大的，控制效果的PID是不显眼的，主要的控制作用是模糊控制的实际控制系统独立的数学模型的对象，最好的控制效果可以实现不同类型的系统。

The main purpose of this diesis is as to observe the historical evolving process of social control in ancient Chinese society from the angle of legal sociology as, based on it, to reveal the various social control ways in ancient china, especially the function and relationship among three mam means-law, morality and religion It also provides some basic clues for people to understand and observe social control condition in ancient China bv the induction of the historical facts and the description of the fundamental situation of social control system, as well as by the summery and conclusion of the features, essence and developing regularity of social control in ancient China.

本文的主旨就在于从法社会学的角度，对中国古代社会控制的历史演进过程进行考察，在此基础上，揭示中国古代社会各种社会控制手段，尤其是法律、道德、宗教三种主要手段的功能和作用及其相互之间的关系，通过对历史事实进行归纳和综合，描绘中国古代社会控制体系的基本状况，总结和概括中国古代社会控制的特点、本质和发展规律，为人们了解和观察中国古代社会控制状况提供一些基本的线索。

Different distribution of power affects the performance of the internal control. Institution regulates the means to manage the labor, finance and matter so as to restrict the leaders over-use the power and ensure the enterprise in the right direction. Both power and institution have the character of rigidity. If the leader only paid attention to these two levels, the organization would appear the situation full of tediousness and rigidity. Therefore, in the process of development, the Non-state-run enterprise forms another character: flexible management. Through the flexible means, the Non-state-run enterprise avoid the tendency of doctrinairism and reduce the cost of rigidity, which ensures the validity of internal control.

权力决定了领导者与被领导者的等级关系，形成控制主体与控制对象之间的支配与被支配格局，不同的权力分配模式影响着内控制度贯彻执行的效果；制度以规范管理为目标，规定企业关于人、事、财、物等的管理原则、作业程序和控制办法，是制约独断专行、引导企业步入正轨的法则，制度的完善及有效与否关系到民营企业的成败；权力和制度具有高文本性特征，难免被生搬硬套，造成刚性管理，出现控制过严过死的情况，束缚了员工积极性和创造性的发挥，导致组织僵化和效率损失，因此民营企业在发展过程中伴随着另外一大特点，就是柔性管理，通过灵活变通的方法，避免了教条主义管理倾向，化解集权和制度的刚性成本，运用多种柔性化的管理方式向无为而治的内控最高境界迈进。

The simulation on a system of boiler drum water level control indicates that the fuzzy controller of self-tuning proportionality factor based on PI arithmetic can improve the performance of fuzzy control system and can control the fallacious water level.

为减小模糊控制器的误差，最常用的就是将PID控制与模糊控制结合起来，从而构成模糊PID控制。然而由于引入了积分作用，使得控制过程的响应时间大大增长，失去了模糊控制响应快速的特点。

Sensitivity function and control sensitivity function are obtained by Youla parameterization of controller,which is used to describe an integral square performance criterion containing tracking error and control energy.

由控制器Youla参数化得到控制系统的敏感度函数和控制敏感度函数用来表示一个包含跟踪误差和控制能量在内的积分平方性能指标，针对不同类型的时滞过程运用谱分解的方法最小化该性能指标，从而导出相应控制器的设计方法，可使系统在控制能量约束条件下具有最优的控制性能。

Based on introducing the control principle of the jigger system, the analysis of control requirement for the system was achieved, and the control scheme was proposed. The construction of hardware platform based on programmable logic controller was built. The control strategies about the velocity-tension transmission system and the temperature of dyeing liquor were presented.

在介绍卷染机控制原理的基础上，对系统的控制要求进行了分析，并确定了控制方案，搭建了基于可编程逻辑控制器的卷染机硬件控制平台，提出了卷染生产过程中速度张力传动控制策略和染液温度控制策略。

This paper builtup esterification model, pre-polycondensation model, polycondensationmodel, and successfully built up monitoringon-line system of some key quality tar gets as well as operation systemmodel according to the polycondensation technique of NOY company.

本文在软测量技术的基础上，建立了酯化反应控制模型、预缩聚反应控制模型、终缩聚反应控制模型，并成功开发出在线控制系统，对生产过程中的关键质量指标如粘度、二甘醇、端羧基进行在线控制，控制精度达到小于2.5％。

The invention relates to a dynamic matrix control system of high-purity distillation, which comprises distillation tower, intelligent checker, DCS system, superior host, and on-site bus, while they are connected. The control system uses tower product group as the object variable, and the reflux ratio and reboil ratio as control variable; the superior receives history temperature and pressure data from the DCS real-time database, via the predict control and dynamic matrix controller, to obtain the output values of present controller as reflux ratio and reboil ratio, then feedback said two values to DCS system, to function the distillation object. The invention can confirm the high-purity stable operation, with better dynamical control.

本发明公开了一种高纯精馏的动态矩阵控制系统和方法；系统包括：精馏塔、智能检测仪表、DCS系统、上位机和现场总线；所述精馏塔、智能检测仪表、DCS系统和上位机通过现场总线依次相连，实现信息流的上传和下达；本发明所涉及的控制系统采用塔双端产品组分为被控变量，回流比和再沸比为对应的控制变量；上位机从DCS实时数据库中获得历史的温度、压力等数据，通过推断控制环节和动态矩阵控制器环节，得到当前控制器的输出值-回流比和再沸比，再把控制器输出值返回给DCS系统，实现了对高纯精馏过程的双端产品高纯控制，对双端组分的高纯度平稳操作，具有很好的动态品质和控制效果。

To overcome the bad effect resulting from the nonlinearity time-variability and uncertainty on autopilot system performance during the motion process of aerodynamics missile, and to further improve the flight quality of missile, the autopilot system and used control method are researched. Firstly the integrant structure of system is discussed; then baaed un introducing the traditional PID method, controllers for missile attitude motion are designed respectively using fuzzy self-turning PID method and neural network self-adaptive PID method; at last a simulation experiment is finished. By comparing the simulation results that the designed controllers have good qualities is showed, and the feasibility and validity of applying fuzzy control and neural network into automatic control of aerodynamics missile is confirmed, and the base that other nonlinear control theory can be combined with the traditional control for missile to further improve the performance of missile control system is established.

为了克服飞航导弹运动过程中的非线性、时变性和不确定性对自动驾驶仪系统性能的不良影响，进一步提高导弹的飞行质量，对自动驾驶仪系统及其采用的控制方案进行了研究；首先对系统的整体结构进行了分析，然后在介绍经典PID方案的基础上，分别采用模糊自调整PID方案和神经网络自适应PID方案设计了导弹姿态运动控制器，最后进行了仿真实验；仿真结果的对比展示了所设计控制器良好的品质，验证了将模糊控制和神经网络应用于飞航导弹自动控制中的可行性和有效性，为其它非线性控制理论与导弹传统控制相结合以进一步提高导弹控制系统的性能奠定了基础。

Firstly, based on the sliding mode control and backstepping technique, a new attitude tracking controller is derived to control the attitude motion of spacecraft, the stability of the system is analyzed via Lyapunov method and the reaction wheel dynamics is also considered from the real applications point of view. The whole design process is divided into two steps: the first step is to use sliding control technique to design suppositional adaptive variable structure controller; and the second step is to design attitude tracking controller based on SMC and backstepping technique. Numerical simulations are performed to show that both tracking maneuver and vibration suppression can be accomplished effectively.

首先，采用自适应后步法结合主动振动控制技术设计了姿态跟踪鲁棒控制器，基于Lyapunov方法分析了系统的渐近稳定性；在此基础上，显性地考虑了执行机构动态特性问题，将整个设计过程分为两个步骤：第一步采用滑模控制技术设计了变结构虚拟控制器，给出自适应控制律的设计方法；第二步，将后步法与滑模控制技术相结合，设计了姿态跟踪鲁棒控制器，给出飞轮电压的输入算法及稳定性分析；最后，将提出的控制方法应用于挠性航天器的姿态跟踪控制，通过数值仿真对所提方法的可行性与有效性进行分析和验证。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。