过程

Pertaining to procedures or programs created without regard for the actual devices that are used to process them.

用于修饰或说明程序或过程，在编写这些程序或过程时无需考虑处理这些程序或过程所用的具体设备。

Esterification process of a reversible step wereresolved as two irreversible steps,then chemical decomposition of wood components weredecreased in liquid acid catalyst.Experiments showed that crosslinking catalysts took catalysisrole on two process in the esterification,(1)five cyclic anhydrides formed by dehydration ofpolycarboxylic acids,(2)esters occurred by substitution between five cyclic anhydrides andwood.

实验中的反应过程使一般的酯化一步可逆反应，分解为两步不可逆反应，减少了液相酸催化过程的木材组分化学降解；交联反应催化剂对于多元羧酸类化合物与木材组分的酯化反应具有两个过程的催化作用：(1)多元羧酸脱水形成五元环酸酐中间体；(2)木材与五元酸酐中间体亲核取代反应形成酯。

In addition, there are bond areas between the new and the primary coverage because of the growing up of the plating coat, which may lead to the emergence of micro crack on the coating owing to such causes as too big or uneven impact during plating process, little distortion of global granular zinc dust inside the plating coat, less tight coalescence of the zinc dust flecks.

由于形成镀层的过程处在酸性环境，在镀层增厚过程中不可避免把酸性溶液包裹在镀层里面，酸性溶液会与金属基体和镀层反应，产生氢气，必然会寻找通道选出，形成微气孔；镀层是逐渐形成的，新生镀层与原有镀层之间存在结合面；镀覆过程由于撞击力过大或者不均匀，镀层内部球形颗粒状锌粉变形较小，球形颗粒与球形颗粒的结合不严密等，这些原因会导致镀层产生微裂纹。

The course of abstract and generalize is just the course of managing the abstractive thinking, and is also the course of form our art languages and art symbols.

提炼、概括的过程是抽象思维的过程，也是形成语言、产生艺术符号的过程。

Finally, the author suggests three approaches to optimize the policy process, which are improving the hierarchical structure, expanding the advocatory network and cultivating the positive interaction between those two levels and their evolvements.

最后，作者指出中国政策过程优化的三条途径，即改进政策过程的制度结构，优化政策过程的协商网络，促进制度结构与协商网络的良性互动与发展。

The concentrations of CODcr and NH4+ vary from low to high, then from high to low in the process of refuse leaching, that is to say that there are three phases which are aerobian decomposition, facultative aerobian and anaerobian decomposition;(3)The time of landfill reaching to stabilize under the condition of filtration, for landfill of Jinqianpu, is at least 86 years if CODcr is regarded as a index; but is about 98 years when NH4+ as an index;(4)The column leaching experiment simulated is carried on interactivity between leachate and different lithologic characters, water-bearing media of different thickness. Some parameters can be determined by calculation, such as, the retained factor and hydro-chemical transportation rate of pollutants in suspended media, which quantitatively analyse the suspended soil capability of components purification and the pollution scope of water bearing media.

垃圾淋滤过程中和经历了一个由低到高、再由高到低的过程，即垃圾填埋过程中经历了好氧分解、兼性好氧分解及完全厌氧分解等三个阶段；（3）垃圾组分在淋滤条件下分解达到稳定的时间，对于金钱堡垃圾填埋场，若以作为考核指标，填埋场达到稳定化时间至少需要86年；若以作为考核指标，则填埋场达到稳定化至少需98年的时间；（4）对垃圾浸泡液与不同岩性、不同厚度含水层介质之间的作用进行了土柱淋滤模拟试验，通过计算污染质在包气带介质中运移的阻滞因子和水化学迁移率等参数，定量地描述了包气带土层对污染质的净化能力和污染范围。

Chapter IV Description of the Important Agricultural Standards Achievements about agricultural standards in ancient China were discussed from the aspects of irrigation and water conservancy and ancient agronomical works, respectively.

古代农业标准的发展模式。分别分析标准制订_实施_修订三个环节过程，论述了古代农业标准由肯定、否定到否定之否定的螺旋上升发展过程，揭示了标准发展过程由低级到高级的发展规律。

The amniotic fluid and allantoic fluid of chicken embryo have been analyzed and the resonances of most substances in them were assigned by 1-dimention and 2-dimention Nuclear Magnetic Resonance methods. This work could be the basis of quantitative analysis of metabolites and studying the metabolites changing between the amniotic and allantoic fluid during the hatching process. Also, it provided a new way to study the process of embryo developing.

用一维及二维液体高分辨核磁共振(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance，NMR)方法综合分析了鸡胚羊水和尿囊液的成分，对其中的大多数谱峰进行了归属，发现了一些未经报道的小分子代谢物，为研究胚胎发育过程中各个胚囊中体液的交换和小分子的代谢以及进一步对发育过程中代谢物含量变化的定量研究打下了基础，并为研究胚胎发育的过程提供了新的思路。

Precursors of sulfates and alkali halides prepared in co-deposition process were mixed homogenously, annealed at high temperature and then formed CoO and NiO fibers, XRD, XPS, Raman and SEM were used to characterized the samples, the growth of these fibers might be a special LS mechanism: soluble precursors in molten salt decomposed gradually to form initial crystal nucleus and succeeding particles adhered to these nucleus and grew anisotropically in the special high temperature fluent medium, the higher decomposition temperature and solubility of the precursor are two key factors in this method, which are in favor of a longer growth process and result in larger sizes of the final metal oxides crystals.

以共沉淀方法生成硫酸盐与碱金属卤化物融盐的均匀混合前驱物，在高温下退火制备出了CoO和NiO的晶须，以XRD和XPS等对成份进行了分析，SEM分析了形貌特征，研究了不同前驱物热分解特性，认为本方法是一种简单的LS生长机制：可溶性前驱物于融盐中热分解后逐渐析出成核，后续的粒子附着在核上，在融盐环境下沿一定方向作准一维生长，其产物形貌之不同源于硫酸盐的高分解温度和在融盐中的可溶性，导致晶体生长过程中成核过程与生长过程竞争的结果对一般前驱物结果的偏移。

It is right apprehensible for higher system of a kind of performance another a kind of system of in lieu of process, and also apprehensible for right a production line for better system, return apprehensible for the ameliorative process that the system of the interpersonal bargain activity construction.

它既可理解为一种效益更高的制度对另一种制度的替代过程，也可理解为对一种更有效益制度的生产过程，还可理解为人与人之间交易活动的制度结构的改善过程。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。