过程

Difficulties: quasi-static process and reversible process; Calculation on heat and work in reversible process

难 点：准平衡过程和可逆过程的定义，可逆过程的热量和功量计算。

Focus: equilibrium state, quasi-static process and reversible process, state properties and path variable, etc.

重 点：平衡状态、准平衡过程、可逆过程、状态量与过程量等。

Focuses on the conditions that can meet the requirement of the reversible process. Sets up an ideal model of the desiccant solution, based on the mass balance and energy balance, by solving which the flow rate ratio and heat balance results can be obtained.

在对溶液的性质进行合理简化的基础上，分析了溶液与空气的热质交换过程的流量比和过程需要吸收或释放的热量，得到在不同工况下，可逆过程所要求的流量比和应该补充或带走的热量。

In quantum mechanics,the evolution of a quantum state is a unitary evolution ,the evolution process can be described by an action of a unitary operator on the quantum state and the process is time reversible.

在量子力学中，态的演化是一个幺正演化过程，态的演化过程可以用演化算子对态的作用来表示，幺正演化过程是时间可逆的。

Heat treatment techniques which simulate the welding process of electromotor short circuit ring and short circuit bar are designed based on the actual thermal circulation on the short circuit bar.

根据电机转子导条和端环焊接过程中导条所经历的实际热循环过程，设计了模拟焊接过程的热处理工艺，对大功率异步牵引电动机转子铜合金导条和端环的焊接热影响区的组织和性能进行了研究，讨论了性能和组织的变化规律及其原因。

The results show that, during the period of collision between the sand grain and the sand bed, the lost kinetic energy is more than half of the total energy. Moreover, because the percentage of collision angles with more than 0° is up to 70％, the vertical speed of sand increases even if the kinetic energy decreases, which ensures that the sand particles can receive more energy from the air to keep on the saltation movement.

实验结果表明，沙粒与沙床碰撞过程中损失的动能超过总能量的一半，且由于碰撞平面角大于0°的比例达到70％，即使沙粒在碰撞过程中能量有所损失，沙粒与沙床碰撞后垂直分速度增加的现象仍比较普遍，使得沙粒在与气流相互作用的过程中获取更多的能量，从而为沙粒的持续跃移提供了保证。

By means of the Schlieren technique,Schlieren images of the natural convection were taken in CO_2-ethanol absorption system.

利用纹影仪光学方法，获得了乙醇吸收CO2过程中自然对流的纹影图像；并通过吸收传质流体CFD模型，应用有限元方法对气液吸收过程中出现的自然对流发生过程进行了数值计算，得到了液相自然对流发生时的非稳态流场分布和浓度分布信息。

The exact expressions of minimal martingale measure and the minimal entropy martingale measure for jump diffusion semimartingale are gained,with the specific changes of intensity and density function processes in these measures.

在跳扩散半鞅模型中，引进了跳的强度过程与跳的概率密度函数过程，研究了测度变换对跳的强度与密度函数过程引起的变化、研究了跳扩散半鞅的最小鞅测度与最小熵鞅测度。

In the paper, we mostly studied the change of soil erosion process by a new REE tracer method, based on the theories of hydraulic mechanical subject and radionuclear tracer method, and simulated rainfall was applied to study the sheet erosion changing to rill erosion and the rill erosion process on slope land. The new REE tracer method should be useful to future studying of erosion processes on slope lands.1. Offering and testifying a new REE displacing method to study on the soil erosion of the loess slope.

本文以黄土坡面土壤侵蚀形态演变规律为研究重点，以新的核素示踪技术为手段，采用水动力学与核素示踪技术相结合、室内人工模拟降雨与稳定性REE元素示踪相结合的方法，利用先进的INAA技术，定量研究了不同雨强次降雨条件下细沟间侵蚀向细沟侵蚀的转变过程、细沟发生发育过程，为深入了解坡面侵蚀过程，建立黄土高原土壤侵蚀预报模型提供了研究基础。

The process of blending of Confucianism and Shinto is that of nationalization of Confucianism in Japan, and during the process, the growing point of cultuore was born.

儒学与神道的结合过程也就是儒家文化的日本本土化过程，在这一过程中产生了新的文化生长点。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。