过程

The external work in the irreversible adiabatic expansion process is the part of the expansion work, which is the sum of the available work and the work used to repel air. So the external work in the irreversible adiabatic expansion process is less than that in the reversible adiabatic expansion process, but not the expansion work.

终压相同时，可逆绝热膨胀过程对外所作的功等于膨胀功，不可逆绝热膨胀过程对外所作的功小于膨胀功，其对外所作的功仅是膨胀功的一部分，是排斥大气所作功与有用功之和，故不可逆过程对外所作的功小于可逆过程的膨胀功，而不是其"膨胀功"小于可逆过程的膨胀功。

Treating with coils as aeolotropy, this paper brings forward a set of mathematical mode for computing internal stress distribution of coil in the process of coil coiling, in which some factors are taken into account, such as the transverse distribution of shape, crown and curl tension of the strip, the friction between the strip and the reel, the friction between strips, and etc. Because the reel shrinkage and the inner circle of the strip losing radial restrain and circumferential restrain can induce interlayer slipping and the change of the whole coil compactedness , the assumption concerned ——"virtual reel" in the process of coil uncoiling is put forward, which takes the form of slow action to express the uncoiling process and, therefore clearly simulates the variation course of internal stress distribution of coil in the process of coil uncoiling.

考虑到带材板凸度、卷取张力的横向分布以及带材与卷筒之间、带材与带材之间的摩擦力等因素的影响，并将钢卷按各向异性体处理，提出一套计算卷取过程中钢卷内部应力分布的数学模型；同时考虑到卸卷过程中由于卷筒的收缩，钢卷内圈失去径向和周向约束而引起层间滑移及整个钢卷紧密程度发生变化，提出钢卷卸卷过程中有关"虚拟卷筒"假设，将卸卷过程以"慢动作"的形式表示出来，清楚地模拟出卸卷过程中钢卷内部应力分布的变化历程。

Therefore, a new means integrating Analytical Hierarchy Process with Statistic Process Control was put forward in this paper.

目前，软件过程度量理论和方法还不够完善，而高效准确的过程定量管理是成功进行软件过程改进的保障，为此提出了一种结合层次分析算法和统计过程控制的软件过程度量新方法。

The authors extended the representing framework Rof the KRA model so as to divide the perception into primary perception and abstraction perception. In the process of primary perception,Wunder the primary perception system P is mapped as P where the attributes of the objects in Wdo not change. In the process of abstraction perception, Wunder the abstraction perception system P* is mapped as P*. The objects in P*are abstraction objects, the types of which are related to the abstraction objects database predefined by the agent.

针对KRA抽象模型的表示框架进行扩展，将感知过程分解为初步感知过程和抽象感知过程两部分：初步感知过程将该模型提供的一个框架R表示世界W在初步感知系统P的作用下映射为P，该过程不改变W中具体对象的实体属性；抽象感知过程将P在感知系统P*的作用下映射为P*， P*中的对象称为抽象对象，抽象对象的类型根据感知者预先定义的抽象对象库Oa的不同而不同。

The second part theoretically explains the connotation, the characteristic and the significance of the teacher's research in the processing evaluation .the teacher's research in the processing evaluation is that the teacher as the main researcher, in view of the question encountering during the processing evaluation, carries on the motion research in the help of the specialized researcher's instruction, mainly in the mutual help of the teacher companion; It is that the teacher carries on the research in this specific domain of the processing evaluation, so it belongs to the category of teacher's research. And it has common character ,such as practicality, openness and scientific nature which the teacher's research has, simultaneously it also has own research character such as productive nature and processive nature ; It has the significant practical significance in regarding of the processing evaluation ,the teacher career development and the students development.

过程性评价中教师研究是教师作为研究主体，针对在过程性评价过程中遇到的问题，在专业研究人员指导下，主要是在教师同伴互助下进行的行动研究；它是教师在过程性评价这个特定领域中进行的应用研究，属于教师研究的范畴，具有教师研究的一般特点如实践性、公开性和科学性，同时也具有自身的研究特点如生成性和过程性；其对于过程性评价、教师专业发展和学生的发展都有重大的意义。

Four processes in gas-burning vacuum hot water boiler are researched in the paper:gas combustion process, heat transfer from gas to water, water boiling heat transfer, heat transfer of the process of congealing from steam to water by heat exchanger.

研究的燃气真空热水锅炉包括四个同时进行的过程燃料的燃烧过程，烟气向水的传热过程，水的沸腾传热过程，蒸汽与水通过换热器的凝结传热过程，在这个循环过程中，通过对其传热机理的分析研究，进行了真空锅炉内部结构的热工计算。

The mechanism of carbonization process of aluminate solution was analyzed thermodynamically. The results show that the internal reason of precipitation of Al3 in the process is its spontaneous nucleation caused by supersaturation of aluminate solution. The behaviors of SiO2 in the process are in accordance with that from published experiment, which implies that the content of product SiO2 from carbonization depends on its solubility but is not the result of absorption. The thermodynamic calculation for forming Na2O·Al2O3·2CO2· n H2O was achieved.

摘 要：为对高浓度铝酸钠溶液碳酸化分解过程中产品杂质含量的控制提供理论依据，分析了铝酸钠溶液碳酸化分解过程的热力学，认为该过程中Al3析出的真正机理是过饱和铝酸钠溶液的自发结晶；而基于分解过程中平衡浓度的热力学计算表明，在碳酸化分解过程中SiO2的变化规律与公认的三段变化规律一致，说明该过程产品中SiO2的含量取决于它在溶液中的平衡浓度，而非吸附所致；同时还分析了丝钠铝石的形成热力学。

Based on the research on the evolution mechanism of information ecological communities,and by the use of the system development view and the related theories of complex systems,this paper redivides the evolution process into formative process,linear evolution process,non-linear evolution process and dissolution process according to the essential characteristics of information ecological communities.

本文在信息生态群落演化机理的研究基础上，运用系统发展观和复杂系统的相关理论，根据信息生态群落演化过程的本质特点，对演化过程进行了重新划分：信息生态群落的结体创生过程、线性常规演化过程、非线性超常规演化过程和分化解体过程。

Based on the research on the evolution mechanism of information ecological communities,and by the use of the system development view and the related theories of complex systems,this paper redivides the evolution process into formative process,linear evolution process,non-linear evolution process and dissolution process according to the essential characteristics of information ecological communities.

李北伟；靖继鹏；王俊敏；刘智喜本文在信息生态群落演化机理的研究基础上，运用系统发展观和复杂系统的相关理论，根据信息生态群落演化过程的本质特点，对演化过程进行了重新划分：信息生态群落的结体创生过程、线性常规演化过程、非线性超常规演化过程和分化解体过程。

Water Cascade Analysis technology was used to synthesize the water use network for batch processes,which could determine the water pinch point location and the minimum utilities target of the batch process:minimum fresh water use and wastewater discharge.

利用水级联分析法对间歇过程用水网络进行研究，确定过程的用水夹点及最小新鲜水用量和最小废水排放量，提出了间歇用水过程的全局夹点的概念，考虑了用水过程的流率限制，在水级联表格中用流率替代了传统水级联分析法中的传质量，识别过程中每个时间段的局部夹点及公用工程目标，通过全局夹点和局部夹点的比较，指出过程的用水瓶颈，设置储罐打破瓶颈，使用水网络公用工程目标最小化。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。