过渡

The combined motion of grinding the transition arc maintains that the gyration center of the arc moves along the parallel line to the surface of the grinding wheel, and the gyration center of the oxide tool moves along the vertical line to the surface of the grinding wheel.

磨削刀片过渡圆弧时，过渡圆弧的回转中心到砂轮面的距离必须恒等于过渡圆弧的半径，磨削过渡圆弧的复合运动要保持过渡圆弧的回转中心沿平行于砂轮面的直线运动；刀片的回转中心沿垂直于砂轮面的直线运动。

The thought of defining characteristic section and dividing superelevation transition segment into several smaller segments according to the characteristics and types of S-type curve s superelevation transition segment is put forward.

根据S形曲线超高过渡的特点、类型确定超高过渡段中的特征断面，提出S形曲线超高过渡分段处理的思路，并给出 S型曲线超高过渡段上任意桩号处、横断面上任意点超高值的简单计算公式。

Large numbers of test data which is systemic, credible, exact and detailed was acquired during the processing of these two scientific research item and settlement value and theoretical analysis on trial section was done together with the test and research on the site. The connection between the rule of settlement in the transition zone and the parameter such as groundsill, transmogrification modulus, material and density was studied based on comparing true settlement value in trial section with settlement value of theoretical calculation by frame analysis software. And it will help the farther research on design and construction about road-bridge transition zone.

同时在两个科研项目开展过程中，取得了大量系统、详实、可靠的试验数据，并结合现场试验研究工作，在室内开展了深入细致的过渡段沉降变形数值计算和理论分析研究，运用有限元分析软件，对过渡段的沉降变形进行了仿真数值模拟计算，与现场实测数据进行了对比分析，全面考察了过渡段地基土层与变形模量、路堤填料与压实密度等参数对过渡段沉降变形的影响规律，为进一步研究路桥过渡段的设计和施工可以提供借鉴。

The main characteristics include: the quiet Sun corona has a rapid response to the flare heating, within 2 second the corona temperature increases nearly one order of magnitude, but later such increase becomes very slowly; the downward velocity at early stage of impulsive phase is too small to be negnected; chromospheric evaporation made by conduction shows some intensely, the maximum evaporated velocity may be as large as 1000 km/s; the chromospheric condensation appears just when the chromospheric evaporation takes place and its place always coincide with that of transition region in the early stage; the maximum of chromospheric condensation occurs also in the early stage of impulsive phase, at which the density in condensation may be larger two order of magnitude than that of surround and the downward velocity may be as large as 100 km/s; after the maximum of chromospheric condensation, its strongth decreases gradually but its width becomes greater with time and have a tendency to transport into deep chromosphere; the front of chromospheric condensation heats atmosphere obviously and the temperature in the chromospheric condensation is higher than the original case; the downware velocity of transition region may be greater than 100 km/s at the early stage; when the evaporated material collide at the top of loop, the densityand the presure there increase rapidly, which result in the formation of a shock wave; and so on.

在改善色球辐射损失和精确分辨过渡区的基础上，通过联立求解连续性方程、动量方程和能量方程，构造了一维磁限制性耀斑环在热沉积作用下的大气动力学模型，获得了耀斑热模型下脉冲相早期较为细致的大气演化理论图象，其主要特征是：耀斑对宁静日冕的加热相当迅速，仅2秒钟日冕温度增加即达一个量级，之后日冕温度增加缓慢；脉冲相早期日冕向下速度很小，几乎可以忽略，热传导驱动色球蒸发，其过程较为激烈，蒸发极大速度可达到1000km/s；色球压缩区与色球蒸发几乎同时形成，且在早期其位置总是与过渡区位置重合；色球压缩极大发生在脉冲相早期，其时密度可高于周围约2个量级，向下速度可超过100km/s；色球压缩极大后，其强度逐渐减弱，但宽度明显增大，且渐渐脱离过渡区往色球传播；压缩区内物质温度要高于原先的大气温度；过渡区下降在脉冲相早期相当迅速，可超过100km/s；当蒸发物质在环顶高速相碰时，环顶的密度、压力迅速增大，且温度也有所增加，导致形成激波，其波面以每秒上百公里的速度自环顶向下传播；在脉冲相前期，日冕软x辐射对色球的加热作用可以忽略；等。

It canprovide dynamic responses of the system with changes of wheel load,vehicle velocity, frequency and irregularities of the track, and distribution of dynamic responses in the subgrade can be given, also beused to select parameters, optimize designs and forecast dynamicproperties of the system, etc.(2) Based on Timoshenko beam and geostatic theory, couplingrestricted equations of various finite elements are founded. The restrictedequations have been dealt with by Lagrangian enlarging multipliers.

该模型充分地考虑了系统的空间、时变、耦合特性及路-桥-隧过渡段的设计断面和设计参数，可提供无碴轨道路-桥-隧过渡段系统的动态响应时程及动态响应场分布等，具有合理选择无碴轨道过渡段设计参数、优化设计及预测动力性能等功能，从而为高速铁路无碴轨道过渡段系统的设计提供了理论分析依据。

The experimental results indicated that the longer the po uring intervallic time of the two kinds of molten metal and the higher the heigh t of the molten iron to pour into the tip of dipper teeth , the narrower its tran sitional zone will be, on the contrary, the wider its transitional zone will be.

用不同粘度的流体通过水力模拟的方法近似地描述了双金属斗齿过渡区的混合状态。试验结果表明：两种液体浇注的间隔时间越长，先浇入的铁液液面越高，过渡区越窄；反之，过渡区越宽。生产中为了保证过渡区双金属的结合质量，应控制较高的铁液液面高度及一定的双液间隔时间

According to the degrees of PSC they have,Shanghai-accented Mandarin interlanguage are classified into four stages as elementary ,intermediate ,intermediate-advanced and advanced.Then the phonologies of Standard Mandarin and Shanghai-accented Mandarin interlanguage are compared in order to find out the phonological differences between these two dialects. Based on the statistical results, the writer chooses ten typical kinds of pronunciation errors of finals according to the rates of pronunciation errors of finals on stages.Then, the phonetic level analysis is made on them for the four stages respectively. Furthermore, acoustic features of vowels, diphthongs, triphthongs and vowels with nasal endings are analysized and compared by plotting vowel charts and formant patterns for them. Finally, the writer gets some preliminary results of the typical pronunciation errors of finals during the whole process of Shanghai-accented Mandarin interlanguage and on the stages of it respectively.

本文结合当前这种实际研究和应用的需要，以上海地区普通话过渡语为考察对象，从韵母发音偏误入手，借鉴第二语言习得研究中偏误分析和中介语研究的相关理论，采用实验语音学的方法，随机选取了80位上海地区不同普通话水平等级的应试人的应试录音和试卷作为本研究使用的语料，并将其分别对应于上海地区普通话过渡语的四个阶段，重点考察这80位处于不同阶段的应试人在测试的读单字部分的韵母发音偏误现象，通过对各阶段所有应试人的各类韵母发音偏误出现率的统计分析，展示出上海地区普通话学习者在韵母习得方面产生的偏误在过渡语各个阶段上的分布特点及趋势；再根据各阶段各韵母发音偏误率的统计结果，选取各阶段共同具有的十类主要的韵母发音偏误，分别绘制过渡语各阶段的偏误音声学元音舌位图或共振峰模式图，并与标准普通话中相应韵母的声学元音舌位图或共振峰模式图进行比较，从而展示出上海地区普通话学习者的主要韵母偏误类型在过渡语不同阶段上各自的声学特征、偏离标准音的程度和相关趋势，并从一定程度上反映了这一地区普通话学习者在韵母习得方面的能力发展轨迹，为普通话教学及培训中如何提高教学效率问题提供一定的参考依据，也为普通话水平测试各等级标准声学特征的建立，乃至为将来测试的计算机化提供了可靠的声学参数。

Results of experiments under different conditions show that, compared with arc electrical signal and arc light signal, arc spectrum signal is of more advantageous property. It can not only detect short-circuit metal transfer, but also more effectively detect droplet in free transfer mode than electrical signal. It can not only detect the droplet transfer in the CO〓 welding, but also can detect spray transfer in Ar welding with advantage over arc light signal. Especially, its outstanding capability of detecting steam spray transfer where other approaches fail, shows that are spectrum information has the utmost signal quality in metal droplet transfer detecting.

多种工艺条件下的对比实验表明，与电弧电信号及光强信号相比，电弧光谱信号具有更为优越的信号品质，其不仅可以检测熔滴短路过渡而且优于电信号可以有效地检测自由过渡；不仅可以检测活性气体保护条件下的熔滴过渡，而且优于光强信号可以检测惰性气体保护条件下的喷射过渡，特别是其可以实现熔滴射流过渡的检测，解决了这一用其它信号无法克服的难题，体现出电弧光谱信息在熔滴过渡研究中所独具的优越性。

Where two or more aerodromes are very close, for which there are stipulations for the same transition height, a uniform transition level may be used", shall be revised as:"The transition level refers to the lowest flight level above the transition height or transition altitude that may be used according to the provisions of the relevant aerodromes.

如两个或两个以上的机场相距很近，并已规定有相同过渡高，可以使用统一的过渡高度层&修改为&过渡高度层是指为有关机场规定的过渡高或者过渡高度以上可用的最低飞行高度层。

First, the rural social security system should be developed in accordance with the national conditions, including economic and social development status quo, people's views and security traditions. Next, the thesis puts forward the guiding thought and general principles for the establishment of the system based on the national conditions, and clearly sets forth the idea of establishing the transitional rural social security system. Then, the thesis makes explanation and analysis respectively on the existing security types, hoping to find the proper components of the rural social security system that is suited to the conditions of the country. At last, the thesis puts forward the objective mode and transitional mode of the establishment of the system at the macro level. The objective mode is the development direction of the transitional mode, and the transitional mode is a necessary stage of the objective mode. Only when establishing the vigorous transitional mode that is suited to the national conditions and achieving development, can the objective mode be possibly realized in the self-evolution of the transitional mode.

首先，我国农村社会保障制度建设应当立足于我国的基本国情，包括经济社会发展现状、人们的观念、保障传统等方面；其次，在基本国情的基础上提出了建立我国农村社会保障制度的指导思想和一般原则，明确提出了建立过渡型农村社会保障制度的构想；而后，本文对农村社会保障现存的几种保障方式一一做出了说明和分析，以期为构建适合我国国情的农村社会保障制度模式找到合适的构成要素；最后，本文从较为宏观的层次提出了我国农村社会保障制度建设的目标模式和过渡模式，目标模式是过渡模式的发展方向，而过渡模式是目标模式建设的必经阶段，只有在建立适合国情具有活力的过渡模式并取得发展的基础上，目标模式才有可能在过渡模式本身的自我升级过程中逐步实现。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失