过冷

Therefore, the condenser air is not the main reason of condensate supercooling, although it has some influences.

在正常运行工况下，由于这一区域的蒸汽凝结量已很少，所以对全部凝结水的平均过冷度不会产生明显的影响；因此，凝汽器中存在空气对凝结水虽然有一些影响，但并不是凝结水产生过冷的主要因数。

According to the experimental observations from Fujiwara et al, when the undercooling is low enough, the (111) silicon will be the dominant orientation in the polycrystalline silicon. As the undercooling becomes much higher, the (100) will be the dominant orientation.

根据Fujiwara等人所进行的矽晶粒竞争生长实验，当过冷度很小时，生长出的多晶矽中，(111)晶向的矽晶占了大多数；然而在过冷度较大时，(100)晶向的矽晶则为多数。

The effect of Al on microstructure evolution of a hypereutectoid steel(0.97%C) during deformation of undercooled austenite was investigated by hot uniaxial compression tests.

利用Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机进行单轴热压缩实验，研究了合金元素Al对过共析钢缓冷相变和过冷奥氏体动态相变组织的影响。

Results show that ability of forming Icosahedral symmetry of pure liquid metals is weaker than that of alloys.

研究结果表明，过冷液态纯金属形成廿面体对称的能力弱于过冷液态合金。

Its rapidsolidification behaviour during recalescence was studied by means of high speed cinematography andrapid infrared pyrometry,It is found that interface heterogeneous nucleation takes place in preferenceto homogeneous nucleation even at an undercooling above the previously accepted critical undercool-ing 0.2T_mfor homogeneous nucleatio...

采用高速摄影及快速红外测温技术研究了深过冷熔体的快速凝固行为。发现尽管过冷度超过了以往认为的均质形核临界过冷度0.2T_m，但是 Ni-32.5%Sn 共晶合金仍然优先发生界面异质形核，再辉过程中瞬时凝固速度最大可达784mm/s。

After analysing the flight, cooling and undercooled solidification of multistage atomized droplets, this paper adopts Newtonial cooling, highly undercooled heterogeneous nucleation and steadystate continuous growth model to calculate and simulate numerically the thermal history of droplets and effect of main atomization process parameters during multistage atomization. The results indicated that large undercooling occur mainly during later stage of multistage atomization while recalescence and rapid quenching occur mainly during forced cooling stage.

在分析多级雾化过程雾化微滴的飞行冷却和过冷凝固特点及规律的基础上，本文采用了牛顿冷却、大过冷非均匀形核及稳态连续生长模型，对纯铝多级雾化过程中微滴热历史以及主要雾化工艺参数对其的影响作用进行了数值分析和计算，结果表明：大过冷主要是在多级雾化后期形成的，再辉和急冷则主要发生在强制冷却阶段。

The subcooled boiling states were visualized by Shadowgraph visualization technique and the pressure oscillation was measured by the pressure sensor.

在过冷态超流氦沸腾中，运用可视化方法对不同过冷度下的沸腾过程进行了观测，同时运用压力传感器详细研究了沸腾过程中的压力振荡。

To reduce condensate supercooling, the reason of condensate supercooling in condenser should be analyzed firstly in the following

为了减小凝结水的过冷，下面先分析凝汽器中造成凝结水过冷的原因。

It is found that the fouling rate is lowered during subcooled fow boiling by carrying gas injection, and the influence of carrying gas injection on fouling of convective heat transfer is more obvious than that of subcooled flow boiling; morphology of CaCO〓 crystallization fouling exhibits self-similarity and the fractal dimensions of CaCO〓 crystallization fouling are determined from the gray scale distribution of the SEM images by box-dimension method. The value of the crystallization fouling surface fractal dimensions reveals the complexity of the surface, and can be used as an import parameter for the investigation of influence of carrying gas injection on scale formation.

实验发现：引入载气，过冷流动沸腾结垢速率降低，但引入载气对过冷流动沸腾结垢速率的影响要弱于对对流传热结垢速率的影响；CaCO〓结晶垢具有统计自相似性，即分形特征；用盒子维法测定了CaCO〓结晶垢的分维值，分维值的大小反映了换热面上生成的结晶垢表面复杂程度，可用于描述引入载气对污垢的形成作用。

By using nucleation theory, the undercoolings at which the primary crystal of Al-4. 5%Cu alloy nucleates on γAl〓O〓 and α-Al〓O〓 are determined to be 59～83℃ and 23～33℃ respectively, This theoretical result agrees with our experiments.

发现工业大体积Al-4.5％Cu合金的最大过冷度受其在Al〓O〓上形核过冷度的限制，并用形核理论估算出Al-4.5％Cu合金液在γ-Al〓O〓和α-Al〓O〓上的形核过冷度分别为59～83℃和23～33℃。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。