达达主义

When did the Golden Lion last serve populist fare such as the George Clooney thriller Michael Clayton (murder, skulduggery and Tilda Swinton glammed up as an evil corporate lawyer), the army-base thriller In the Valley of Elah (a bread-and-jam whodunit in spite of Haggis's thick spreading of Iraq war allusions) or Branagh's loop-the-loopy attempt to refashion Sleuth with a Pinter script and Michael Caine and Jude Law playing hide-and-seek amid the arty camera angles.

金狮奖上次专门为民粹主义作品设立是什么时候来着？比如乔治？克鲁尼令人毛骨悚然的影片《迈克尔？克莱顿》（谋杀、使诈，还有蒂尔达？斯文顿扮演的衣着光鲜的企业律师），根据军队拍摄的令人毛骨悚然的影片《决战以拉谷》（尽管哈吉斯散布了大量伊拉克战争的暗示，它还是一部像"面包加果酱"一样平常的推理影片），还有布莱纳兜着圈子地努力翻拍《足迹》，用平特的剧本与迈克尔？凯恩和裘德？洛，在富有艺术家气派的各种拍摄视角中玩捉迷藏的游戏。

The most important resources of Derrida's thoughts are the phenomenology and the structuralism.

本文认为，德里达的思想主要源于现象学和结构主义，他的思想主线是对"本原形而上学"的解构。

He is considered as the greatest artist of the surrealist art movement and one of the greatest masters of art of the twentieth century, along with Picasso and Matisse.

达利是二十世纪最伟大的超现实主义画家，他与毕加索、马蒂斯一起被认为是二十世纪最有代表性的三个画家。

Dali, a surrealist artist, had drawn many ants, and implied many metaphors as well.

超现实主义的达利曾经画过很多蚂蚁，还暗示了很多的隐喻。

Here are the comrades in arms who studied together at the Marxist University of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: Yoweri Museveni, Uganda's president; Laurent Desire Kabila, the ADFL figurehead and assassinated president of the Democratic Republic of Congo; Meles Zenawi, president of Ethiopia; Isaias Afwerki, president of Eritrea; Africa scholar Mahmood Mamdani; former RCD leader Wamba dia Wamba; Paul Kagame, Rwanda's president; and John Garang (d. 2005), former leader of the Sudan People's Liberation Army and first president of South Sudan.

这里是战友谁一起研究马克思主义在达累斯萨拉姆大学，坦桑尼亚：约韦里穆塞韦尼总统，乌干达总统；洛朗卡比拉，解联傀儡，暗杀总统的刚果民主共和国；梅莱斯泽纳维总统埃塞俄比亚；伊萨亚斯阿费沃基总统，厄立特里亚总统，非洲学者马哈茂德Mamdani ；前民盟领导人万巴迪亚万巴；保罗卡加梅总统，卢旺达总统和加朗（草2005年），前总统苏丹人民解放军和第一任总统苏丹南部。

However, during New Trend '85, Gu Wenda differentiated himself from most artists of Chinese Painting of the time and showed his contemporary consciousness by experimenting on traditional ink painting materials and techniques. This brought out a new possibility for the contemporaneity of Chinese Painting. Since then, unremitting efforts have been made to "modernize" Chinese Painting through traditional abstract elements like ink-wash and Calligraphy. These efforts streamed into a new trend called "modern ink"(or "abstract ink","experimental ink") in late 1980's, though seemed not widely acknowledged for its resemblance to Abstract Expressionism of 1960's and 1970's American art. What is interesting is that while some artists are endeavoring to "westernize" their art, a new trend grouped as "Neo-literati Painting" appears with very traditional form and mood. This can be explained as a group of people's resistance to the reformation of traditional culture as well as their nostalgia to traditional ideals. However, this school tends to be artificial for the absence of the particular context, and the expression with traditional brushwork is also regionally limited. Of all the efforts of reformation, Chinese Painting that accordingly adopts the tradition heads the list because of the cultural identification of the big number of population and greater market as a result of the economic growth of China. Meanwhile, the immense conservative inertia of traditional Chinese culture can also be detected.

在"现代艺术"风起云涌的"85新潮"中，谷文达以传统水墨的材料和方法表达出不同于当时大多数中国画艺术家们这种文化心态和文化认知的现代意识，为中国画的现代性提供了一种方案；以水墨、还有选择中国传统书法的抽象因素等可能来进行现代性探索，一直是中国画连绵的努力，在80年代后期汇聚成"现代水墨"（又或曰"抽象水墨"、"实验水墨"），是中国画的又一流向，但是不是没有脱离60、70年代美国的"抽象主义"意义，反而还有了拾人牙慧之嫌，所以始终难以获得更大的认可和成功；很有趣的是，与此"西化"流向同时的，还有以非常传统的方式出现的"新文人画"潮流，或许可以把这看着是部分中国文化人在中国以西方为参照的新文化背景下对之的抵制，对传统理想的怀念和诉求，但由于已经失去了其语境和环境，"新文人画"显得娇情和造作，而且这种以非常地域化的传统笔墨语言来表现的方式也失去了更为普遍化的可能；反而是延续传统一脉的国画，由于有巨大的人数基础的本土文化的认同，在中国经济发展后有了更大的市场，所以还是蔚然为中国画的一大潮向，从这也可以看到中国文化承传的保守性的力量。

Salvador is absorbed into their youthfully decadent group and for a time Salvador, Luis and Federico become a formidable trio, the most ultra-modern group in Madrid.

达利很快被他们带入他们的"颓废者俱乐部"，三人在马德里建立起一个强大的超现实主义社团。

It bears structural similarities to the Laurence Sterne's "Tristram Shandy" and "Sent imental Journey," but aside from that bears more in common with ancient Greek novels like Longus's "Daphnis and Chloe" or Heliodorus's "Eithopian Romance," as well as the mysticism of the ancient Egyptian "Story of the Shipwrecked Sailor."

斯特恩的《项狄传》和《多情之旅》，在其他方面，石头记似乎又与古希腊作家隆古斯的小说《达芙尼斯与克洛埃》或希略多路的《埃塞阿比亚的爱情》颇有神似，同时还有点古埃及作品《沉船水手的故事》那样的神秘主义味道。

Deconstruction is the name given by French philosopher Jacques Derrida to an approach (whether in philosophy, literary analysis, or in other fields) which rigorously pursues the meaning of a text to the point of undoing the oppositions on which it is apparently founded , and to the point of showing that those foundations are irreducibly complex, unstable or impossible .

解构主义这个术语是由法国哲学家雅克。德里达发明的，指的是一个研究方式（不管是在哲学、文学分析或其它领域），这种方式不懈地追求文本的意义，几乎要到推翻作为其建立基础的对立面的程度，并力图证明这些基础的复杂性、不稳定性和不可能性是不可降低的。

A scholar can't survive without the era he was living in. No matter how he was inclined to the descriptions on the innermost depth, it was reasonable for Yudafu to be influenced by the Russia's Populistic Thought when China was confronted with severe national crisis and the widespread pouring of foreign thought.

一个文人不能离开他所生活的时代环境，无论他是多么倾向于对内心深度的描写，郁达夫在那个民族危机深重、外来思想纷纷涌入中国的时代，受到俄国民粹主义思想的影响是合理的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。