边缘检测

In image processing, method as follows will be introduced in this paper: a method combining image threshold iterative segmentation with threshold interpolation, edge detection operator Sobel and LoG, edge linking method using delation operator based on mathematical morphology, using boundary tracking and projection method in edge distill process. Through this method, measurement of wheelset will be met precision demand.

本文阐明了图像的分通道自动采集过程，以及对采集到的原始图像进行预处理过程，达到图像去噪声的目标，本课题采用了阈值分割中迭代阈值和阈值插值相结合的方法，Sobel算子、LoG算子边缘检测算法，基于数学形态学的膨胀运算子进行边缘断点连接以及目标提取中的投影法和边缘跟踪方法，使得提取轮对图像边缘达到测量精度的要求。

When an interpolation filter is designed, the edge exists in the image is acquired through the multi-directional edge detection and the analysis of the fake edge and the weak edge; the interpolation is correspondingly processed according to the motion state and the edge direction of the pixel point; the field resulted from the interpolation and the interpolated field are interlaced to form the non-interlaced video image.

在设计插值滤波器的时候，通过进行多方向的边缘检测以及对假边缘和弱边缘的分析，得到图像中存在的边缘，根据像素点的运动状态和边缘方向进行相应的插值，将插值得到的场与待插值场进行交织，形成逐行视频图像。

As the edge pixel value varies from non-edge pels value largely, which resulted that it can't satisfy the condition of building GM(1,1,C) and the error of GM(1,1,C) whiterization value is large.

依据边缘像素点其亮度与非边缘像素点亮度相差大而不满足GM(1，1，C)建模条件，从而导致边缘像素点白化值误差大的特点，实现边缘检测。

A fast extraction method of beer bottle rasied character is introduced in this paper. It is the technique combination of moving target tracking based on dynamic image sequence with edge detection algorithm for speeding up the processing of character extraction to meet the demand of on-line detection in industry. First dynamic image sequence is obtained with an area CCD camera, and the background frames are detected based on the coherence between the background and character image from the video and inevitability of background frames emergence.

运用基于动态图像序列的运动目标跟踪技术，结合图像边缘提取理论中的检测算子模板，提出了一种快速提取啤酒瓶凸性字符的方法：首先采用单个面阵CCD得到啤酒瓶字符的运动图像序列，然后利用背景在运动图像序列中的镜头突变性和出现的必然性，检测视频流中的背景帧，最后采用基于边缘检测的背景配准方法，得到运动图像和校正背景图像的差分图像，恢复出真正的运动物体。

The ordinary edge detection methods such as Sobel and Canny operators are immune to noise, which result in cophasal axes discontinuity due to lack of edge information caused by noise.

由于边缘检测中常用的Sobel算子和Canny算子检测同相轴时对噪声免疫差，常因噪声因素引起边缘信息缺失导致同相轴提取不连续，本文采用中值滤波并对Sobel算子进行改进，对地震剖面图进行预处理，结合均方差自动确定阈值并进行异常检测，提取完整同相轴。

The ordinary edge detection methods such as Sobel and Canny operators are immune to noise, which result in cophasal axes discontinuity due to lack of edge information caused by noise. In order to extract cophasal axes more continuous and immune to noise, a novel approach is developed based on edge detection. Firstly, the median filter and improved Sobel method are used to preprocess seismic section images. Secondly, the threshold value is determined automatically based on variance to detect abnormal information. Finally, the complete cophasal axes are extracted after a post-processing.

由于边缘检测中常用的Sobel算子和Canny算子检测同相轴时对噪声免疫差，常因噪声因素引起边缘信息缺失导致同相轴提取不连续，本文采用中值滤波并对Sobel算子进行改进，对地震剖面图进行预处理，结合均方差自动确定阈值并进行异常检测，提取完整同相轴。

Mostly, traditional arithmetic of image edge detection distill edge using gradient maximum or zero-crossing which base on gray discontinuousness on edge. They are affected easily by noise.

传统的边缘检测算法大都是基于边缘的灰度不连续性利用梯度局部最大值或二阶导数过零点来检测边缘，容易受噪声干扰。

In detail, the general functions include displaying historgraph, adjusting light, enhancing constrast, inversing gray, zooming image, median filtering, high filtering, low filtering, noise filtering, isolated point filtering, high sharping, low sharping, Laplac edge enhancing, Sobel edge measuring, erosion edge measuring, dilation, erosion, open, close, binary.

通用功能包括直方图显示与统计、亮度调节、对比度增强、灰度反置、图象缩放、中值滤波、高通滤波、低通滤波、躁声滤波、孤立黑点滤波、高通锐化、低通锐化、拉普拉斯边缘增强、Sobel边缘检测、收缩边缘检测、图象膨胀、图象腐蚀、图象开闭，二值化等。

sobel operator is one of common image fringe detection techniques, using image element's left and right, top and bottom neighborhood field's ash degree weighting algorithm, basing on the principle of reaching extremum at the fringe dot, we carry through fringe detection.

sobel算子是图像边缘检测中常用的方法之一，利用像素的左、右、上、下邻域的灰度加权算法，根据在边缘点处达到极值这一原理进行边缘检测。

According to the edge detection theory based on modulus maxima of wavelet transform, an infinitely differentiable wavelet with good antisymmetry was deduced to extract the edges of defects from X ray spot weld inspection images.

基于小波模极大值边缘检测原理，推导出一类具有良好反对称性的无限光滑小波并运用于点焊缺陷的边缘提取。实验表明，该方法能有效地提取缺陷边缘，并能获得较好的效果，从而为小波理论在工业 X射线无损检测中的应用作了初步探

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。