边缘密度

The profiles and decay lengths of energy or particle flow can be estimated from plasma temperature and density. Edge plasma behaviors between limiter and divertor configuration are compared.

比较了在孔栏位形和偏滤器位形下边缘等离子体特性的差异，特别是两种位形下边缘温度和密度衰减长度的变化。

Under the divertor configuration running model in HL-2A, the Z-axis direction profiles of the electron temperature, plasma density, floating potential and net current of the grounded probe has been measurements at inner and outer divertor target plate of same poloidal section using the purpose-built array of flush-mounted Langmuir probes.

HL-2A装置边缘等离子体诊断是通过磁力传动的马赫/雷诺协强/朗缪尔10探针组进行研究。10探针组是安装在可径向向里和向外移动，并可绕轴旋转3600的传动杆上，用于测量主等离子体边缘的温度，密度，悬浮电位，空间电位，径向和极向电场，雷诺协强，径向和极向等离子体流速及其径向分布。

Ill-defined borders were showed in all 9 patients with malignant neoplasm. All 6 cases with benign tumors had sharp margin and homogenous density as well. Pleomorphic adenoma showed lobulation.

颌下腺肿块均表现为腺体增大，恶性肿瘤9例均表现为边缘不清，良性肿瘤6例均表现为边缘清楚，密度均匀，混合瘤表现为分叶状。

To estimate mutual information of images rapidly and accurately is one of very important problem in image registration,which involves estimating joint probability density and marginal probability density of two images.

快速、精确地估计图像互信息是图像配准中一个非常重要的课题，它涉及到两幅图像的联合概率密度和边缘概率密度的估计。

Further more, based on the analysis of Bayesian AR model and MA model , we analyzed the Bayesian ARMA model and its mathematical structure. Mainly analyzed the Bayesian ARMA(1,1) model, and constructed the model condition likelihood function and the parameters posterior distribution.

同时，以时间序列AR模型及MA模型的贝叶斯分析为基础进行了时间序列ARMA模型的贝叶斯分析，从分析ARMA模型的数学结构开始，重点进行了ARMA(1，1)模型的贝叶斯分析；构建了模型的条件似然函数和参数的先验分布，推导其参数的条件后验密度和边缘后验密度；并借用一组SAS软件模拟的ARMA(1，1)序列，通过WinBUGS进行仿真分析。

This project was established based on the first cooperative development of optical in situ real time detecting technique probing the atomic scale layer-by-layer epitaxy growth of oxide film. Over the last three years, we have given full play to the advantages and characteristics of both sides and have finished the assumptions and plans of this subject satisfactorily. 1. In Institute of Physics, we set up advanced oblique-incidence reflectivity difference equipment and wrote one data acquisition procedure that made the simultaneous detection of optical signal and RHEED signal into reality. 2. The first observation of sustained oscillations over hundreds of monolayers in both real and imaginary signals during the epitaxy growth of SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3 on SrTiO3 substrate in LMBE testifies that oblique-incidence is an excellent method to detect and monitor film epitaxy growth real time. 3. For the first time, we verify that oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method can be used to monitor the layer-by-layer growth mode during continuous growth through the correspondence between optical signals to atomic or molecular step edge density on the growth surface. 4. Phenomenological analysis shows that optical signals comprise three parts, the first is proportional to the average thickness of the film and depends on the bulk phase dielectric response; the second is proportional to the coverage of terraces and depends on the dielectric response of atoms or unit cells in the terrace; the third is proportional to the coverage of step edges and depends on the effective dielectric response of atoms or unit cells at step edges. This makes oblique-incident reflectivity difference technique a quantitative macroscopic method to monitor film growth.

中文摘要：本课题是在合作首次发展了氧化物薄膜原子尺度层状外延生长光学原位实时探测方法的基础上立项的，三年来，我们充分发挥双方的优势和特点，圆满完成了课题的设想和计划。1、在物理所建立了一套先进的光反射差法装置，编写了计算机系统的数据采集程序，实现了两路光学信号和RHEED数据的同步采集和显示。2、用激光分子束外延在SrTiO3基底上生长SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3薄膜，首次观测到连续外延几百个原胞层，周期振荡的光反射差实部和虚部信号，证明了光反射差法是一种能原位实时探测与监控薄膜层状外延生长的好方法。3、首次验证了通过对生长表面原子或分子台阶密度的响应，光反射差法可用于原位实时监测在连续生长条件下薄膜的层式生长模式。4、通过唯象理论的研究，证明光反射差信号由三项组成，第一项只与薄膜的平均厚度和宏观光学电介质常数有关；第二项与分子台阶面覆盖度和台阶面上分子层的光学电介质常数有关；第三项与台阶边缘的覆盖度成正比，并和在台阶边缘的分子的有效光学介电常数有关。

Results:①The center of the homogeneous density soft tissue masses (mean CT value was 50HU) were located in the middle and lower tympanum,and the external auditory canal or the pharyngotympanic tube was involved in the earlier period;②the destructed b...

结果：中耳癌的CT特征：①表现为以中、下鼓室为中心的软组织密度灶，密度均匀，CT值50HU左右，外耳道及咽鼓管早期受累；②呈溶骨性骨质破坏，形态不规则，边缘无骨硬化表现，外耳道后壁破坏较前壁严重；③病灶侵入颞叶，形成肿块，灶周脑水肿不明显；④增强扫描见病灶有中度强化。结论：CT能确定中耳癌的存在及精确显示肿瘤累及范围。

In the 2A1 distorted trigonal bipyramid structure ,the single non equivalent Ga atom has the population of 4s 4p ,while the two equivalent Ga atoms have the population of 4s 4p .this compares with a Ga population of 4s 4p in the undistorted D3h structure ,hence the jahn-teller distortion causes depletion of the charge density on the 4s orbital of the non-equivalent Ga atom, and enhancement of charge density on the 4s orbital for the two equivalent atoms .an opposite trend is observed for the 4p orbitals of these Ga atoms .the P population for the two equivalent atoms is 3s 3p .the populations of the other 2B1 state with the edge-capped tetrahedral structure are similar with the exception that all three Ga atoms have similar but not identical populations .

在2A1被变形的三角bipyramid结构，唯一非等效Ga原子有4s 4p的人口，而二个等效Ga原子在未变形的D3h结构有4s 4p 。this的人口和4s相比4p的Ga人口，因此jahn出纳畸变在non-equivalent Ga原子的4s轨道导致电荷密度的取尽，并且电荷密度的改进在4s轨道为二个等效原子。an在趋向对面对这些Ga原子4p轨道被观察。the人口为二个等效原子是另一个2B1状态3s 3p 。the人口与边缘加盖的四面体结构是相似的P 除之外全部三个Ga原子有相似，但不相同人口。

Results CT displayed the lesions located in the bladder neck and triangle area in 7 cases, in the right anterior wall in 1 cases, involve the entire bladder wall in 2 cases. Eight cases showed the local thickening or nodular or flat dune-like shape thickening of the bladder wall, the size of the lesions were 1.0cm × 0.8cm ~ 4.3cm × 5.9cm, two cases showed the diffuse thickening of the bladder wall. Cystal low density were demonstrated in 2 lesions.The bladder exine were smooth in 9 cases.

结果 10例CG中CT表现为膀胱颈部和三角区7例，右前壁1例，累及整个膀胱壁2例。8例CT平扫表现为膀胱壁局限性增厚或呈结节状、扁丘状突向膀胱腔内的软组织密度影，大小1.0cm×0.8cm～4.3cm×5.9cm，2例膀胱壁弥漫性增厚，边缘光整。2例病灶内可见囊性低密度区。9例膀胱外壁光滑。

Of the 14 SMAs, 11 (79%) showed low to intermediate density as compared with muscles, 3 (21%) showed homogenous and intermediate density; 12 (86%) appeared as lobulate lesions; 10 (71%) had incomplete bone septa; 9 (64%) showed root resorption of the neighboring teeth; 13 (93%) showed cortical perforation; 6 (43%) had soft tissue masses; all SMAs showed well-defined margins. Of the 11 SMAs examined by enhanced studies, 9 (82%) showed strong enhancement.

SMA病变中11例(79%)平扫时与肌肉相比呈等低混杂密度，3例(21%)呈较均匀等密度，12例(86%)边缘呈分叶状，13例(93%)骨壳被穿破，6例(43%)形成软组织肿块，但病灶的边界都清楚，10例(71%)见不全骨性分隔，9例(64%)邻近牙根被吸收，11例行增强扫描的病例中9例(82%)呈显著强化。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。