边缘密度

In comparison with the observations derived from NOAA AVHRR, under the framework of NCAR CLM3, SCF schemes like CLM3 default, Douville1995, and Roesch 2001 underestimate SCF over vast areas, snow lines simulated in these three schemes are located to the south of that in the AVHRR observation, especially in autumn when snow pack begins to establish; Wu2004 scheme also underestimates SCF in the Eurasian continent in autumn; Yang1997 scheme slightly overestimates SCF, especially along the southern border of the snow covered area; Niu2007 scheme which accounts for the seasonal variation of snow density overcomes the positive bias of SCF simulated by Yang1997 scheme to some extent.

结果表明，在NCAR CLM3的物理过程框架之下，CLM3、Douville1995、Roesch2001三种方案低估了广大地区的积雪覆盖率，模拟的雪线位置偏北，尤其是在秋季积雪初期；Wu2004方案低估了秋季欧亚大陆的积雪覆盖率；Yang1997方案模拟的积雪覆盖率有些偏高，尤其是在积雪覆盖区的南部边缘；考虑积雪密度变化的Niu2007方案一定程度上克服了Yang1997方案的正偏差。

To coal sample in the outburst hole edge, we inferred double variable equations between σ〓 and volt V and pressure of methans P. Frequency, mineral matter, stack density, grain size and doping material would affect conductivity of coal.

对突出孔洞边缘样，导出了电导率与外电压V和瓦斯压力P的双变量方程；并讨论了频率、矿物质、堆密度、粒度和掺杂物对煤导电性的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。