边界点

It is to consider not only the cost of connection between cross points and pins and the exclusive cost among cross points on the boundary of a global routing cell,but also the cost of displacement among cross points of the same net.

该算法不仅考虑了过点和物理连接端的连接费用、总体布线单元边界上不同过点之间的互斥费用，而且考虑了同一线网不同过点之间的错位费用。

By using the meshless method, a numerical ocean engineering basin was established to simulate irregular waves propagated in shallow water. Locating the source points outside the computational domain, the problem of water wave propagation was solved by collocation of only a few boundary points instead of meshes.

采用基于配点和径向基函数的无网格数值模拟方法，建立数值海洋工程水池，将源点布置在模拟波浪场之外，沿边界布置配点而不是划分网格；对深水不规则波经斜坡过渡后在均匀水深浅水域中传播的过程进行无网格数值模拟和波谱的迭代修正。

In the surface of the substrate the liquid crystal molecules parallel to the surface as a consequence of the surface potential. Adopting the Lebwohl Lasher model, the mole cular centers of mass are located at the sites of the simple cubic lattice with period boundary conditions.

在基板表面处，液晶薄层受到表面作用势的作用使液晶分子沿面平行排列，采用Lebwohl Lasher模型，将分子质心固定在简单立方晶格的格点上，并对此格点模型赋以周期性边界条件，然后将简立方格点模型分为平行于基板的20个分子薄层，得到各薄层的指向矢分布的数值结果。

If P is a convex lattice polygon, and its pair-wise disjoint family of translates are also lattice polygons, whose union contains every lattice point, it is called a TLP .

若P为凸格点多边形，其内部边界不交平移覆盖平面格点集，则称之为可平移格点多边形TLP。记顶点数为v的TLP的内格点数的下确界为i ，得出i(5)=i(6)=1，i(7)=i(8)=4。

Triangulation of a set of scattered points on a plane is obtained by a novel algorithm, which generates the convex hull of it in the process of triangulation according to the property that the boundary of triangulation meshes coincides with the convex hull of the set of points.

对于给定平面散乱点集的三角剖分，根据平面三角剖分网格外边界与点集凸包重合的性质，实现了点集凸包和三角网格的综合生成。

The basic idea is calculating wavelet coefficients for each time series based on Haar wavelet transform. The first k coefficients are used to form a MBR. Thus, the point filtering method can be used. In addition, lower bounding and upper bounding features of each time series are calculated in advance, which are stored into index structure. Finally, triangle inequality pruning method is adopted by calculating the distance between time series beforehand.

基本的思想为首先运用Haar小波变换计算每个时序的小波系数，利用前面的k个小波系数形成一个最小边界矩阵，以利用点过滤方法；然后将预先计算每个时序的低边界特征和上边界特征存放到索引当中；最后采用三角不等式来修剪不相似的序列并确保没有漏报。

In theory, firstly, the numerical simulation methods, such as the boundary element method, the finite difference method and the finite element method, were utilized to calculate the distribution of electric field intensity and potential of the electron-gun system, the focusing system and the whole equipment, respectively. Then, the trajectories of the electron-beam were traced by using of the Runge-Kutta method and the Monte-Carlo method associatively. The point spread function was also calculated.

在理论分析中，先后采用边界元方法、差分方法、有限元方法等科学数值计算方法，编制程序，对X射线源的电子枪发射系统、聚焦系统以及发射系统与聚焦系统的组合系统等的电场分布进行了严格的计算，在准确求得各系统电场内各个剖分点的电场场强、偏导数等参量的基础上，采用蒙特-卡罗模拟方法和不等距龙格-库塔方法相结合，追踪由LaB_6单晶阴极表面发射出的大量电子束在电场内的运动轨迹，求出点扩展函数，并根据点扩展函数的优劣，反复调节、大量计算对比，挑选出X射线源最佳的电极结构及其组合。

It is proved that the method using the BEM to calculate the load distributions on the contact lines of involute gear pair, in which the applied load is taken in the form of a concentrated one at a single node, is not suitable. A method in which the tractions of the BEM are made to imitate the Hertzian pressure of the gear using 8 nodes isoparametric elements is introduced.

本文解决了边界元法在空间啮合副计算中存在的系数矩阵的存储，奇异单元积分的计算、表面不连续点处面力一点多值和求解未知量的线性方程组矩阵元素的计算等问题，编制了比不采用上述处理方法的一般边界单元法节省近一半内存和计算时间的适合空间啮合副的三维边界元法计算程序。

In the condition that fault infeed from both terminal is given, the fault point can be found out according to the boundary condition of fault point.

在已知线路任意点的左右侧注入电流的情况下，可以根据故障点边界条件搜索出故障点。

The improved model possesses band-pass filer characteristic, diffuses processing stability and satisfies the max-min principle. The simulation results show that the median filter is only proper for outlies noise and removes the thin line and corners of image. The linear filter extends or blurs the boundary of image. The anisotropic diffusion removes random noise effectively, but it brings about illusive edge and back diffusion for outlies noise. The improved model that possesses both median filter characteristics and anisotropic diffusion capability is proper for various mixed noise and can sufficiently protect the detailed characteristic such as corner, thin line and edge.

研究结果表明：中值滤波作为一种经典的非线性滤波方法仅适合于&飞点&噪声的滤波并引起图像的角点、线条损失，线性滤波扩大或使图像边界范围模糊；传统的各向异性扩散能对随机噪声有效地压制，但对&飞点&噪声会产生虚假的边缘甚至反扩散，而改进模型既具有中值滤波的特性又具有传统各向异性扩散的性能，适合于平滑不同强度与形状的混合噪声，并对角点、线条、边缘等细节信息提供足够保护。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新