辣椒素

AIM: To investigate the way to establish capsaicinsensitive sinoatrial node deafferented rat models.

目的：探讨建立去除大鼠辣椒素敏感性窦房结传入神经模型的方法。

AIM摘要: To investigate the way to establish capsaicinsensitive sinoatrial node deafferented rat models.

目的摘要：探索建立去除大鼠辣椒素敏感性窦房结传入神经模型的方法。

AIM: To investigate the way to establish capsaicinsensitive sinoatrial node deafferented rat models.

目的：切磋成立去除年夜鼠辣椒素敏感性窦房结传着迷经模型的要领。

Our observation indicates that capsaicin as a nociceptive chemical irritant can selectively activate primary afferent C-fibers to release SP and Glu from their central terminals in the superficial dorsal horn. It seems that the release of SP and Glu acting on NK-1 and NMDA receptors results secondarily in the activation of dorsal horn neurons, transmitting nociceptive information to supraspinal structures.

以上结果表明辣椒素作为一种伤害性的刺激源，可选择性兴奋C类传入纤维，引起其分布于脊髓背角浅层内的末梢大量释放SP和Glu，通过相应受体兴奋背角伤害性感受神经元，包括上行脊-丘束投射神经元，将痛觉信息传递至脑。

The data suggest that ETX directly trigger the release of CGRP from capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve innervating blood vessels.

结果提示：内毒素直接刺激血管周围对辣椒素敏感的感觉神经释放CGRP，这一作用依赖于细胞外钙，并且对钌红敏感的机制。

Following intracarotid injection of capsaicin (10μmol, 0.1 ml), the ELI neurons were markedly increased in nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis, locus coeruleus, area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius, as compared with the results of vehicle-control rats, while the FLI neurons of raphe nuclei and periaqueductal gray were not affected.

与对照组相比，颈总动脉注射辣椒素(10μmol， 0.1 ml)时，脑干内巨细胞旁外侧核、蓝斑、最后区和孤束核等部位的FLI神经元显著增加，而中脑中央灰质和中缝核群的FLI神经元则无明显改变。

The stem end of the pod has glands which produce the capsaicin, which then flows down through the pod.

豆荚的果茎含有可以产生辣椒素的腺，从豆荚中流出。

The stem end of the pod has glands which produce the capsaicin, which then flows down through the pod.

果实可以生吃或烹饪产生辣味，辣味集中在豆荚顶部。豆荚的果茎含有可以产生辣椒素的腺，从豆荚中流出。

Pretreatment of MAB with capsaicin or ruthenium red for 30 min inhibited ETX- induced release of CGRP by 90% and 65%, respectively.

应用辣椒素10μmol/L和钌红10μmol/L预灌流30min，内毒素引起的CGRP释放分别被抑制90%和65%。

Unilateral perineural application of 3% capsaicin selectively affects afferent C-fibers, and results in reduction of SP-and CGRP-IR and increase of NADPH diaphorase activity in ipsilateral superficial laminae of dorsal horn; Also, the application of Cap results in significant decrease in GABA-IR neuroprofile and increase in expression of cfos in many neurons the same area; Ruthenium red, as a functional antagonist of capsaicin, can completely prevent capsaicin-induced depletion of SP-and GABA-IR; Capsaicin-induced GABA-IR reduction can be partially blocked by pretreatment with a NK-1 receptor antagonist spantide and a NMDA receptor antagonist APV to the spinal dorsal horn.

辣椒素急性施加于外周神经可选择性影响C类传入纤维，引起末梢终止区域内SP-和CGRP-IR的减少，NO合成酶活力增加；同时也引起此区域内GABA-IR的减弱，GABA-IR神经元数目的减少以及背角浅层C-fos的大量表达；Cap的功能拮抗剂能完全翻转Cap所致的SP和GABA-IR的减少；应用NK-1受体和NMDA受体拮抗剂均可部分阻断Cap引起的GABA-IR的减少。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。