输尿管的

Since Clayman successfully performed laparoscopic nephrectomy for an oncocytoma patient in June 1990, the laparoscopic technique in urology has been developed dramatically.

自从Clayman于1990年6月成功地为一位肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤患者施行腹腔镜肾切除术以来，腹腔镜技术在泌尿外科领域得到了较快的发展，尤其是随后5年，在肾、肾上腺、前列腺癌及输尿管结石的外科治疗方面，越来越多的泌尿外科医生开始采用这一技术，并且泌尿外科腹腔镜水平的高低成为衡量医院综合竞争力的重要标准之一。

The resection electrode types include: a hand-crafted, temperature-resistant tungsten wire-cutting loop; a coagulating perforated resector that provides a 40% greater coagulation zone than standard cutting loops and performs cutting and coagulation simultaneously during tissue resection; a dimpled vaporization roller that offers a smoother area of vaporization than a grooved roller while providing deep-tissue coagulation; a roller ball and roller barrel, which are used for coagulation and ablation of soft tissue in the bladder and prostate (the roller ball may also be used for endometrial ablation in the uterus); and a Collings knife that allows urologists access to all areas of the prostate and is most commonly used for ureteral meatotomy and transurethral incision of the prostate.

切除电极包括：手动操作、耐受高温、钨丝切除线圈；凝固穿孔前列腺切除器，比标准切除线圈的凝固面积大出40%，能够在组织切除过程中同时进行切除和凝固；一种漩涡汽化转子，比槽式转子提供更加平滑的汽化区域，同时产生深部组织凝固；一个转子球和转子滚筒，用于膀胱和前列腺软组织的凝固和汽化(转子球还可以用于子宫内膜的消融)；一个Collings刀能够帮助泌尿科医生进入前列腺的所有区域，通常用于输尿管切除术和经尿道前列腺切开。

Through the analysis of the conditions and therapeutic effects of 60 cases of the disease, we considered that urethral retention- catheterization and ureteric reflux are the main causes for urinary tract infection,and defense hypofunction of the host is a condition causing the infection.

通过对60例截瘫患者尿路感染病情及疗效分析，我们认为：保留导尿、输尿管返流是诱发尿路感染的最主要原因，宿主的防御功能低下是构成尿路感染的条件；在病程的不同阶段尿路感染各有特点；减少这一并发症的关键在于预防；采用中西医结合疗法能明显提高疗效。

September 8, the People's Liberation Army Hospital urologist first to receive a special Minxian from Gansu patients, the patient is an 8-month-old baby, suffering from "multiple renal calculi" and "Ureterolithiasis "disease, which is the hospital since June 28 has been admitted to the first 14 with the same disease, not a year old baby, which 14 babies have many of the same points: from Gansu rural areas, not a year old, have long-term consumption of Sanlu milk powder.

9月8日，中国人民解放军第一医院泌尿科接收了一名来自甘肃岷县的特殊患者，病人是一名8个月大的婴儿，患有&双肾多发性结石&和&输尿管结石&病症，这是该院自6月28日以来收治的第14名患有相同疾病的不满周岁的婴儿，这14名婴儿有着许多相同点：都来自甘肃农村，均不满周岁，都长期食用三鹿奶粉。

Retrograde injection of dilute indigo carmine through the preiously placed ureteric catheter precisely identifies any calyceal entry, and helps to confirm a watertight pelicalyceal suture repair.

通过先前置入的输尿管导管逆行注射稀释的靛胭脂红仔细辨别任何与肾盏的相通，并有助于证实避免缝合修补肾盂肾盏的漏尿。

A small amount of urine drips constantly from your kidneys to your bladder through tubes called ureters.

少量的尿液滴，不断从您的肾脏到您的膀胱，通过管所谓的输尿管。

There is a potential for obstructive problems due to the abnormal flow of urine and the entrance of two ureters into the bladder in close proximity, but most of the time this is an incidental finding.

对于尿液的异常流动有一个潜在的阻碍问题是由于两条输尿管进入膀胱的距离太近，但是大多数时候这是被偶然发现的。

Phylogenic analysis based on entire S1 gene sequences showed that majority isolates clustered together with the close phylogenetic relationships. Therefore, we researched pathogenicity of the selected isolate IBV CK/CH/LDL/05II in this group, Pathogenic study showed that this virus caused 100% morbidity and 54.5% mortality to 15-day-old specific-pathogen-free.The kidneys from the dead chickens showed the predominant gross lesions which were pale, mottled, and swollen. The renal tubules and ureters were distended with excess urates.

经S1基因系统进化树分析发现，本实验所分离的大多数IBV毒株(8/12)分布于同一基因进化群内，并且亲缘关系较近，因此，我们对此群中IBV毒株CK/CH/LDL/05II的致病性进行研究，以10~(5.5)×EID_(50)/0.1ml的病毒接种15日龄的SPF雏鸡，鸡群发病率为22/22(100%)，死亡率为12/22(54.5%)，死亡鸡以肾脏肿大、苍白、外观呈现典型的&花斑肾&，肾小管和输尿管扩张并且有尿酸盐沉积为主要病理变化。

A small segment of aorta is seen between the normal, smooth-surfaced kidneys.

表面光滑的正常两肾间，可见一小段主动脉。1/150的人会出现部分或全部的单侧或双侧的双输尿管。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。