输尿管的

City of Hubei province yellow stone loves make water of health hospital secrete small start surgical department from August 2007 up to now, ureter lens of applied Switzerland EMS and ureter of cure of baric and ballistic stone crusher are calculous, give after art nurse accordingly measure, the patient recovers entirely leave hospital, obtain satisfactory result. Will nurse now experience reports as follows.

输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术是20世纪90年代初应用于临床的泌尿外科腔内碎石新技术，其机制是将压缩气体产生的能量驱动碎石机手柄内子弹体，子弹体脉冲式冲击结石而将结石击碎，是目前治疗输尿管中、下段结石的首选治疗方法[1]。

Methods 5 cases of ureterolith street with complicating acute renal failure were treated by emergency ureteroscopic lithotripsy and double-J tubes indwelling.

对5例输尿管石街并发急性肾功能衰竭采用急诊输尿管镜弹道碎石术治疗的患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。

The sensitivity and accuracy rates of the detection of nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis on the low-dose scan were 100% and 97% respectively, and those of the detection of pelvicaliectasis and ureteral dilatation were all 100%.

与标准剂量扫描结果比较，低剂量扫描发现肾及输尿管结石的敏感性及准确率分别为100%、97%，发现肾积水及输尿管扩张的准确率100%。

Hydrogen sodium potassium citrate can make the ureterolithiasis smaller effectively and quicken the clear-out of ureterolithiasis.It is effective and safe assistant therapeutic drugs in treating small ureterolithiasis in conservative internal medicine therapy.

枸橼酸氢钾钠能有效缩小输尿管结石，加快结石的排出，是内科保守治疗输尿管小结石安全有效的辅助治疗药物。

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and explore the major techniques of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy.

目的 探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术的技术要点，评价微创手术方法治疗上段输尿管结石的临床价值。

As compared to open ureterolithotomy, laparoscopic ureterolithotomy has the advantages of rapid recovery and less pain. It is a selective microinvasive method for the treatment of ureteralcaluli.

腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术与开放手术相比具有创伤小、恢复快、痛苦小等优点，是输尿管上段结石患者微创治疗的一种可选择的方法。

Objectives: To guide the clinical practice, the paper is to investigate the treatment of advantage, disadvantage, and indication by improved retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy compared with open ureterolithotomy.

目的：本研究旨在通过组合应用改进的后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术技术操作方法，将手术结果相关指标与开放手术进行对比，探讨后腹腔镜治疗输尿管结石的利弊及手术适应症，指导临床工作。

Methods The clinical data of 96 cases received laparosxopic ureterolithotomy and 62 cases received open ureterolithotomy were retrospectively analyzed. Operating time, amount of bleeding during operation, recovery of intestinal function after operation, the operation cost, aching degree after operation, total cost of hospitalization and complications were compared between group A and group B.

回顾分析腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术96例及开放性输尿管上段切开取石术62例的临床资料，比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后肠功能恢复情况、术后下床活动时间、术后住院天数、住院总费用、术后疼痛程度、术后并发症等指标。

Methods The clinical data of 12 patients from Mar 1993 to Jun 2008 with retrocaval ureter were retrospectively analyzed. All the 12 cases were correctly diagnosed preoperatively via the combination of imaging examinations, such as ultrasonography intravenous pyelography、retrograde pyelography、CT or magnetic resonance urography. Ten patients received conventional open surgery and two received retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureteral replacement and ureteroplasty.

总结分析1993年3月至2008年6月12例腔静脉后输尿管患者的临床资料。12例患者术前均经B超、静脉肾盂造影(intravenous pyelography， IVP)、逆行肾盂造影(retrograde pyelography， RP)、CT、磁共振尿路水成像(magnetic resonance urography， MRU)等影像学检查明确诊断，其中10例采用传统的开放手术，2例采用后腹腔镜下输尿管复位矫正术。

METHODS: Fresh human amnions were clipped to pieces which were sutured in a shape like muff by utilizing epidural tubes as a stent. When 4 cm section of ureter in length was excised to replace the defected ureter. 36 rabbit models were divided medially into the 1-month therapy and 3-month therapy groups. At the end of study, all amnion-ureter were sliced and examined with pathologic method or immunohistochemistry to check expressions of α-actin in smooth muscle cells and CKAE1/AE3 in transitional epithelial cells.

新鲜人羊膜裁剪成片状，以硬膜外导管为支架，做成袖套状，替代4 cm的大白兔输尿管缺损。36只成模大白兔均分为1个月治疗组和3个月治疗组，实验结束时，取羊膜输尿管行病理学检查和免疫组织化学检查平滑肌细胞α-Actin和移行上皮细胞CKAE1/AE3的表达情况。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。