输尿管的

Cystoscope and retrograde pyeloureterography are the basic diagnostic means.Ureteroscopy can obviously elevate the diagnostic rate.

膀胱镜，逆行肾盂输尿管造影是诊断本病最基本的方法，输尿管镜能明显提高本病的确诊率。

The classics of exact measure; that conclusion cystoscope examination is diagnostic ureter cyst is urethral the remedial method that resection of part of ureter cyst wall is a kind of handy, safety and effective.

结论膀胱镜检查是诊断输尿管囊肿的确切手段；经尿道输尿管囊肿壁部分切除术是一种简便、平安和行之有效的治疗手段。

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Holmium laser on the endoscopic treatment of ureteral calculi.

回顾性分析2003年12月～2005年5月收治的经输尿管镜钬激光治疗输尿管结石267例的临床资料。

Ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe method for the treatment of ureteral calculi with renal colic.

输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石引起的肾绞痛，是一种安全、有效的方法。

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and skill of holmium laser lithotripsy for treating ureteral calculi combined with acute renal failure.

目的 探讨经输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗引起急性肾衰的输尿管结石的临床疗效及手术技巧。

Results Irritative symptoms (78%) and gross hematuria (36%) were the most common symptoms encountered in these patients.

结果尿路刺激症状和血尿为最常见症状，分别为78％和36％。24小时尿抗酸杆菌和尿结核PCR的阳性率分别为25％和40％，IVU，逆行尿路造影及CT的诊断符合率分别为38％，63％和44％。33例患者接受了肾及部分输尿管切除术，肾上盏结核病灶清除术1例，对侧输尿管膀胱吻合术1例及肾穿刺造瘘术1例。1例患者并发血行播散型结核死亡。

Selecting 40 cases of patients from 2006 who had double j stents after ureteroscopic lithotomy operation as a randomized controlled clinical trial.

采用随机对照的研究方法，纳入自2006年以来，我院行输尿管镜碎石取石术后并留置输尿管支架管的患者共40例。

holmium laser lithotrity is an optimal way in patient with ureteral calculus that diameter in 2 cm, more inflammatory granulation tissue around calculus and no manifest obstruct under calculus.

对于直径＜2cm、结石处炎症肉芽组织多、结石下段无明显梗阻的输尿管结石，输尿管镜下钬激光碎石治疗仍是最好的选择。

Results Irritative symptoms (78%) and gross hematuria (36%) were the most common symptoms encountered in these patients.Acid-fast stains on urinary sediment were positive in 25% of cases and TB-PCR was positive in 40%.The diagnostic accuracy of IVU,retrograde urography and CT in these patients were 38%,63% and 44% respectively.33 patients underwent a nephrectomy and partial ureterectomy,one of them had a contralateral ureter reimplantation.One patients died of miliary tuberculosis. Conclusions Acid-fast stain remains a major pathogen-detecting tool and the value of TB-PCR needs to be confirmed.

结果 尿路刺激症状和血尿为最常见症状，分别为78%和36％。24小时尿抗酸杆菌和尿结核 PCR 的阳性率分别为25％和40％， IVU ，逆行尿路造影及 CT 的诊断符合率分别为38%，63%和44%。33例患者接受了肾及部分输尿管切除术，肾上盏结核病灶清除术1例，对侧输尿管膀胱吻合术1例及肾穿刺造瘘术1例。1例患者并发血行播散型结核死亡。

RESULTS: A total of 36 rabbit models, 6 in the 1-month therapy group and 8 in the 3-month therapy group were died from infection. In the 1-month therapy group, thick ureteric wall and smooth ureteric lumina developed without any contracture. Under the optical microscope, transitional epithelial cells covered throughout the inner walls and smooth muscle cells appeared sparsely in a mussy configuration. In addition, CKAE1/AE3 staining was positive butα-actin staining was very weak when checked by immunohistochemistry. In the 3-month therapy group, amnion-ureters were enclosed by their peripheral tissue and showed rich blood vessels and normal ureteric lumina without significant contracture, futher more, there had formed a well-arranged transitional epithelial layer and smooth muscular layer, the immunohistochemistry result showed that the expression of CKAE1/AE3 and α-actin were positive.

结果：36只大白兔中，1个月治疗组死亡6只，3个月治疗组死亡8只，死亡原因均为感染。1个月治疗组大白兔羊膜输尿管柔软，长4 cm，管壁变厚，无挛缩，移行上皮组织爬满内壁，平滑肌组织部分再生，但较稀疏，排列不规则；免疫组织化学检查提示CKAE1/AE3染色阳性，α-Actin染色微弱。3个月治疗组大白兔羊膜输尿管与周围粘连，有丰富的血运，无明显挛缩，管腔不缩小，已形成良好的移行上皮层和平滑肌层，免疫组织化学显示α-Actin和CKAE1/AE3染色均为阳性。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。