输尿管扩张

In 149 cases caused by operation injure, 108 cases were treated with dilatation on ureteroscopy under direct vision, 17 cases with the balloon dilatation, 11 with dilatation by fascia dilator and 13 with endopylotomy by cold knife.The success rats were 80%, 71%, 64% and 85% respectively.

手术损伤导致狭窄149例，采用输尿管镜直视下扩张术108例，气囊扩张17例，输尿管导管扩张术11例，输尿管镜直视下冷刀切开术13例，成功率分别为80%，71%，64%，85%。

On IVU, the signs indicating radiolucent ureteral calculus were as follows: full-length opacification of unilateral ureter with mild dilatation, abrupt narrowing of a segment of the ureter, break of opacification of a short segment of the ureter, thickened interureteric ridge, abrupt separating sign, obstructive nephrogram, filling defect and calculous staining.

IVU与阴性结石相关的征象有：一侧输尿管全程显影伴轻度扩张；输尿管某段突然萎陷变窄；输尿管某短段造影剂中断；输尿管间嵴增宽；截断征；梗阻性肾实质像；充盈缺损；结石染色。

Methods: From February 2002 to June 2006, 27 patients with upper urinary obstruction due to retroperitoneal fibrosis post-treatment of tumor, under went procedures including retrograde ureteral catheterization, intraluminal ureterotomy and/or balloon dilation, and percutaneous nephrostomy. The efficacy and major complications were summarized.

收集本院2002年l月至2006年6月的27例恶性肿瘤经治疗后发现腹膜后纤维化导致上尿路梗阻的患者，分别接受了经尿道逆行输尿管插管、输尿管狭窄内切开和／或扩张及经皮肾造瘘治疗，总结其疗效和主要并发症。

Results: All of 19 patients who received simple insertion and regular change of ureter stents experienced consistent improved renal function. Of 5 patients treated with antegrache or retrograde endoscopic ureterotomy/dilation and long-term indwelling of Di stent, 4 showed recovered and stable renal function, and 1 changed to nephrostomy because of unsatisfying outcomes. Three patients received permenant nephrostomy after unsuccessful endoscopic attempts and remained functionally uneventful.

结果：19例单纯输尿管内插入内支架管并定期更换，肾功能改善并基本保持稳定。5例采用顺行或逆行的输尿管镜内切开和／或扩张治疗，并长期停留双J管，4例肾功能有所恢复并稳定，1例效果不理想，改行肾造瘘。3例试行窥镜处理失败，改行长期肾造瘘，肾功能保持稳定。

Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 14 cases of urinary obstruction among 1090 cases of transplanted kidney in the year 2000-2006, including 9 cases of vesicoureteral anastomotic stricture, 6 of whom received a second vesicoureteral anastomosis, one had infection surrounding the renal graft and ureter end necrosis, two ureteral anastomosis with bladder muscle flap, and one stenostomia aerocyst distention under ureteroscope.

回顾总结2000-2006年我院1090例肾移植患者中的14例移植后上尿路梗阻患者，其中输尿管膀胱吻合口狭窄9例，6例行膀胱输尿管二次吻合手术，1例移植肾周感染输尿管末段坏死采用移植肾近端新鲜存活输尿管与自体输尿管吻合，1例采用膀胱肌瓣代移植输尿管，1例采用输尿管镜下气囊扩张后放置双J管。

The location, the spectrum, the shape of tumer and the degree of uretal hydrocele, the change of surrounding tissue are right demonstrated in MSCT. The enhancement scan can supply indirectly information to understand function of the kidneys. MSCT can supply very valuable information for clinic in treatment planning and prognosis evaluation, especially, CPR and MPR imaging have great value in exhibiting the whole of lesions.

MSCT可准确显示输尿管移行细胞癌的发生部位、病变范围、形态、病侧输尿管积水扩张和周围侵犯情况，增强扫描间接评价患侧肾脏及对侧肾脏肾功能情况，为外科手术方案选择提供指导依据；MPR和CPR图像在显示病变全貌上具有显著优势。

Results Among them, 32 patients were ill with ureter stones (18 were combined by ureter polyps), 6 with ureteral stricture, 1 with distal ureteral diverticulum combined by calculi, 2 with deformity of unilateral double ureters, and 1 with bilateral lower ureterectasis.

结果 手术均成功。32例为输尿管结石，其中18例伴有输尿管息肉；6例输尿管狭窄；1例输尿管下段开口处憩室伴结石；2例一侧双输尿管畸形，1例双侧输尿管下段扩张。

Results The succeed rate of ESWL by one time was 85%, 12 cases were treated by second time with ESWL ,16 cases were treated by cutting open ureteral orifice with cystoscopy, 3 cases were treated by ureterolithotomy.

结果 一次性碎石成功率为85%（187/220），12例行二次碎石，16例行输尿管口扩张剪开术，3例行输尿管切开取石术。

Diagnostic ureteroscopy, including dilatation of ureterovesical junction and cystoscopy

诊断性输尿管镜检，包括输尿管膀胱接合处，扩张术及膀胱镜术

The peristalses of the dilated ureter could be seen but it disappeared in the end of the ionvolved ureter,which was of normal calibrc.Delay in the empty of ureter was seen.The ureter counter current from the bladder could not be found.

而扩张输尿管末端临近膀胱入口处管径正常，为功能性梗阻段，长度为1～2cm；（2）除功能性梗阻段以外，其余段输尿管的蠕动一般正常，早期有时可见高蠕动；（3）扩张输尿管排空延迟；（4）无膀胱输尿管返流；（5）本病的X线造影检查应选用大剂量静脉尿路造影，造影时早期解除腹压带，增加延迟摄片，并加照膀胱斜位点片，加强动态观察。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。