输尿管切开术

Methods 15 cases of urethral stone,each of them had an incision of 3-5cm.The ureterolithotomy were performed by cystoscope or by the way of euthyphoria.

15例输尿管结石患者，做3～5cm皮肤切口，在直视或膀胱镜监视下完成输尿管切开取石术。

The ureterolithotomy were performed by cystoscope or by the way of euthyphoria.

15例输尿管结石患者，做3～5cm皮肤切口，在直视或膀胱镜监视下完成输尿管切开取石术。

From April 2000 to June 2002, 512 cases of laparoscopical urologic operation have been performed through transperitoneal and retroperitoneal or extraperitoneal approach: 41 cases of nephrectomy, 36 cases of radical nephrectomy, 10 cases of nephroureterectomy with cystoscopic en bloc excision of the distal ureter and bladder cuff, 3 cases of partial nephrectomy, 78 cases of partial adrenalectomy or resection of adenomas, 71 cases of total adrenalectomy, 17 cases of ureterolithotomy, 122 cases of decortication of renal cyst, 1 case of Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty, 7 cases of renal pedical lymphatics disconnection, 2 cases of relative living donor nephrectomy.

本课题通过对223例肾疾病、149例肾上腺疾病、17例输尿管结石病人进行腹腔镜及后腹腔镜手术，其中肾囊肿去顶术140例、单纯肾切除术41例、根治性肾切除术36例、肾输尿管全切及输尿管口膀胱袖套状切除术10例、后腹腔镜肾部分切除术3例、Anderson-Hynes肾盂成形术1例、肾蒂淋巴管离断术7例、腹腔镜和后腹腔镜活体亲属供肾切取术各1例、肾上腺部分或单纯肿瘤切除术78例、肾上腺全部切除术71例、输尿管切开取石术17例。记录手术时间、手术中失血量、肠道功能恢复时间及并发症，将结果与传统开放手术和国外学者的腹腔镜手术结果进行比较，对数据进行统计分析。

Methods Three hundred and fifty patients for laparoscopic surgery were admitted to our department from August 2001 to February 2002. They included 45 cases of adrenal glands surgery, 55 simple nephrectomy, 25 radical nephrectomy, 11 nephroureterectomy, 3 partial nephrectomy, 110 renal cyst decortication, 4 polycystic kidney decortication, 12 ureterolithotomy, 16 pyeloplasty, 3 retrocaval ureteroplasty, 58 varicocele-varix ligation and 8 pelvic lymph node dissection.

从2001年8月～2004年2月，350例患者施行了腹腔镜下泌尿外科手术，其中肾上腺手术45例，单纯肾切除55例，根治性肾切除25例，肾输尿管全切11例，肾部分切除3例，肾囊肿去顶术110例，多囊肾去顶减压术4例，输尿管切开取石术12例，UPJ成型术16例，腔静脉后输尿管成型术3例，精索静脉高位结扎术58例，盆腔淋巴结切除术8例。

In 149 cases caused by operation injure, 108 cases were treated with dilatation on ureteroscopy under direct vision, 17 cases with the balloon dilatation, 11 with dilatation by fascia dilator and 13 with endopylotomy by cold knife.The success rats were 80%, 71%, 64% and 85% respectively.

手术损伤导致狭窄149例，采用输尿管镜直视下扩张术108例，气囊扩张17例，输尿管导管扩张术11例，输尿管镜直视下冷刀切开术13例，成功率分别为80%，71%，64%，85%。

Abstract］ objective to assess the efficacy and safety of holmium laser urethrotomy under ureteroscope to treat the urethral stricture.methods 16 cases were treated by holmium laser resection under ureteroscope.the length of the stricture was 0.1～1.0 cm.the blood loss and the complications as well as curative effect after operation were observed.results all of the cases were treated successfully with less bleeding and no severe complications.the maximal urinary flow rate improved obviously after operation.conclusion the holmium laser under ureteroscope demonstrates good effect to treat urethral stricture.

目的 探讨输尿管镜下钬激光切开术治疗尿道狭窄的疗效。方法 16例患者采用经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光切开术治疗，狭窄长度0.1～1.0 cm，观察其术中出血、术后并发症及疗效。结果 16例患者均顺利完成手术，疗效满意，术中出血少，术后最大尿流率较术前有明显改善，无严重并发症发生。结论输尿管镜下钬激光切开术治疗对尿道狭窄是一种安全、微创且行之有效的治疗方法。

There were no blood transfusion or serious complication in the study.Conclusions:Retroperitoneal laparoscopic operation,such as adrenalectomy,nephropexy,pelvioplasty,unroofing of renal cyst,pelvilithotomy,ureterdithotomy and spermatic vein ligation,have the advantages of minimai invasion,less blood loss and fewer complications,which is an effective and practical procedure.

后腹腔镜肾上腺瘤切除术、肾固定术、肾盂成形术、肾囊肿去顶术、肾盂或输尿管切开取石术及腹腔镜精索静脉高位结扎术具有创伤小、出血少、并发症少等优点，临床疗效可靠，实用性较强。

Abstract］ Objective To summarize the curative effect of retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy in the treatment of ureteric stones in upper and middle segment of ureter.Methods Retrospective analysis was taken to analyze the clinical data of persons who were treated with retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.

目的 总结后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术对输尿管中上段结石的疗效方法对采用后腹腔镜治疗输尿管中上段结石患者的临床资料进行回顾分析。

Methods: The twenty one cases by retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and 20 cases by open ureterolithotomy were reviewed retrospectively.

回顾性分析21例后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术和20例开放性输尿管切开取石术患者的临床资料，比较两组手术时间、手术并发症、术后肠功能恢复时间、术后使用抗生素时间、术后拔除引流管时间、术后拔除导尿管时间、术后住院时间、总住院费。

Results The succeed rate of ESWL by one time was 85%, 12 cases were treated by second time with ESWL ,16 cases were treated by cutting open ureteral orifice with cystoscopy, 3 cases were treated by ureterolithotomy.

结果 一次性碎石成功率为85%（187/220），12例行二次碎石，16例行输尿管口扩张剪开术，3例行输尿管切开取石术。

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Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。