输尿管

The common symptom was painless gross hematuria.The main diagnostic met hods were cystoscopy, retrograde ureteropyelography and ureteroscopy.Operation was chief treatment measure.17 in 28 cases were followed-up.9 patients were su rvival with no tumor, the others died.

首发症状以肉眼血尿最常见，膀胱镜检、逆行输尿管造影和输尿管镜检查是最重要的诊断方法，治疗以手术为主。28例中17例获得随访，其中9例无瘤生存，8例死亡。

Under the DSA perspective goes against the flow the ureter expansion to add the pair "J" the tube to post the treatment ureterostenosis is safe effective.

DSA 透视下逆行输尿管扩张加双&J&管置入治疗输尿管狭窄是安全有效的。

Result: Successful lithotripsy was achieved in 72 cases, two cases failed due to movement of calculus to pelvis and another two failed because of ureterostenosis at inferior segment. The successful rate of lithotripsy was 94.7%, The relief rate of renal colic was 97.4%.

结果：2例因结石上移至肾盂，2例因输尿管下段狭窄使输尿管无法到达结石部位手术失败，其余72例均碎石成功，术后当天肾绞痛缓解，碎石成功率为94.7%，术后肾绞痛缓解率为97.4%。

Results Successful lithotripsy was achieved in 78 cases ,two cases failed because movement of calculus to pelvis renalis in one and no access to calculus site by ureteroscope due to ureterostenosis at inferior segment in the other .

结果 1例因结石上移至肾盂，1例因输尿管下段狭窄使输尿管镜无法到达结石部位手术失败，其余78例均碎石成功，术后当天肾绞痛缓解，碎石手术成功率和术后肾绞痛缓解率均为97.5%。

Results Successful lithotripsy was achieved in 78 cases ,two cases failed because movement of calculus to pelvis renalis in one and no access to calculus site by ureteroscope due to ureterostenosis at inferior segment in t

结果 1例因结石上移至肾盂，1例因输尿管下段狭窄使输尿管镜无法到达结石部位手术失败，其余78例均碎石成功，术后当天肾绞痛缓解，碎石手术成功率和术后肾绞痛缓解率均为97.5%。

Results One ureterostoma leaked when the water volume reached 135 cm,1 leaked when it reached the 167 cm, 2 leaked when it reached 175 cm, and others didn't leak when it reached 197 cm.

结果 本组25例检测标本中，在水柱高度达到135 cm、67 cm、75 cm时输尿管末端开始出现漏水者各为1例、1例、2例，另外21例标本在水柱到达197 cm时输尿管末端仍没有出现漏水现象。

Multidetector CT can clearly display the ureterostoma and its internal in many diseases than Xray and supersonic,it could offer more diagnostic information,and was helpful in selecting therapeutic measures as well as in predicting prognosis.

多排CT输尿管成像可清楚显示输尿管管腔内、外的多种病变，与普通X线及超声相比，能提供更多的诊断信息，有助于疾病的诊断。对临床治疗方案、判断预后等方面有较高的价值。

Diagnostic ureteroscopy, including dilatation of ureterovesical junction and cystoscopy

诊断性输尿管镜检，包括输尿管膀胱接合处，扩张术及膀胱镜术

Methods: Forty-four specimens of renal tissues were harvested from urolithic patients,control tissues were harvested from non-urolithic patients (6 specimens) and renal tumorpatients performing nephrectomy (21 specimens). Immunohistochemical technique wasestablished to study the location of VKORC1 in renal tissues. Western blot technique wasused to detect the differential expression of VKORC1 protein in renal tissues.

方法收集肾脏皮质组织标本71例，其中草酸钙结石组44例，对照组27例(肾盂输尿管交界处狭窄和输尿管结核组6例，皮质厚度小于1.0cm；肾肿瘤皮质组21例，皮质厚度大于1.0cm)，应用免疫组织化学法检测VKORC1在组织中的表达部位，应用免疫印迹蛋白半定量法，检测各组VKORC1蛋白的表达，并分析其表达与肾脏积水及皮质厚度等因素的关系。

Reformed surgery had the following features: We firstly resected the uterus and then dissected the pelvic lymph node. Urinary bladder gap and rectum gap were opened. After exposing the route of ureter, we excised the uterus artery at the point between the ureter and the uterus artery. Cardinal ligament and uterosacral ligament were cut off by electric knives.

改良式手术具有以下特点：先切除子宫再清扫盆腔淋巴结；进腹后直接打开膀胱子宫反折腹膜，膀胱侧窝及直肠侧窝，暴露输尿管行程，在子宫动脉跨过输尿管处钳夹切断子宫动脉；用电刀直接切除主韧带、骶韧带；清扫盆腔淋巴结时，淋巴断端及小血管分支出血均以钛夹钳夹处理。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。