辐射热的

A method to measure thermal diffusivity of opaque materials by a laser photothermal radiometry technique is introduced in this paper.

报道了一种用激光光热辐射技术测量不透明材料热扩散率的方法。

This makes more and more people pay more attention to studies and applications of numerical simulation in thermal recovery. In this research, we have developed a reliable mathematical model for thermal recovery, which takes a full consideration of the effect of viscos, gravitical and capillary forces on the three-phase flow of gas, water and oil, the effect of the temperature on the medium characteristics of liquid and solid, the phase equilibrium of gas-liquid in each component, heat transportation including connection, conduction and radiation as well as heat losses in both the overburn and underlying strata. In the space discreation of the mathematical model, we have proposed a new method based on the improvement of the conventional nine-points difference approximation, which has a higher difference accurancy.

本项研究以热力采油的主要机理为基础，充分考虑在粘性力、重力和毛管力作用下油水气三相流动，考虑温度对各种流体和固体介质物性的影响，考虑每一组分中汽液两相的相平衡，考虑热在地层中的传导、对流和辐射以及上下盖层的热损失，利用热力学第一定律、质量守恒定律和流体迁移定律，建立了正确可靠的注蒸汽数学模型；在对数学模型进行空间离散时，利用控制有限体积积分法，对以往的九点差分近似作了合理的改进，使其具有较高的差分近似精度：结果表明，该公式的近似精度要比以往文献中所给的九点差分近似精度高，可以认为，在油藏数值模拟中，如果遇到非均质情况，使用这种九点差分近似更合理。

In the vacuum system, the heat radiation is the main factor to affect the temperature of each point of the filament in area source electron gun.

在真空系统中，热辐射是影响面源电子枪灯丝各点温度的主要因素。

Canopy transpiration and latent heat transfer progress have been specially treated in themacro-thermal-environment simulation program,by which,the effects of outside solar radiation andair temperature,greenhouse insulation,and backwall and floor on the macro-thermal-environmentcan be simulated.

根据上述模型就室外太阳辐射、室外气温、温室的保温、温室后墙和地面的蓄放热等对生态温室主体热环境的影响进行了模拟，证明温室透光盖层在白天损失了大量热量，建议改进盖层的透光保温综合性能；一面坡温室后墙和地面对室内的放热贡献相近，但后墙向外界的热损失是其向室内放热的2倍左右，其具体大小还与后墙的尺寸等因素有关。

Non-fire retardant rubber conveyer belts traditionally used in mines and recommended fire retardant PVC, PVG conveyer belts are tested over a range of external heat fluxes 20～50kW2 with a cone calorimeter. Ignitability, heat release, smoke toxicity, specific extinction area of these belts are systemic ally studied in this paper.

利用锥形量热计对我国煤矿传统使用的非阻燃橡胶输送带和目前推广应用的PVC和PVG阻燃输送带在20～50kWm-2辐射能量条件下的点燃性能、热释放性能、烟气毒性及烟气的减光性进行了系统的实验研究，结果表明，非阻燃CR输送带的火灾危险性远大于阻燃输送带PVC与PVG，但阻燃输送带PVC与PVG的CO生成率较高。

The gravitational thermodynamics of space-time foam is studied in Chapter 5 by one-loop quantum gravity and statistical thermodynamics. It is shown by further discussions of Hawking's results that Hawking-Unruh themal radiation should contain thermal gravitons or the contribution of quantum space-time foam. As a by-product, the one-loop quantum gravity correction to the classical black hole thermodynamics is also given.

我们在第五章用单圈量子引力和统计热力学探讨了时空泡沫的引力热力学，对Hawking的研究成果的进一步讨论表明，Hawking-Unruh热辐射应该还包含热引力子或量子时空泡沫的贡献，我们同时给出了单圈量子引力对经典黑洞热力学的校正。

Typically, objects emit X-ray radiation as synchrotron emission (produced by electrons oscillating around magnetic field lines), thermal emission from thin gases (called bremsstrahlung radiation ) that is above 107 (10 million) kelvins , and thermal emission from thick gases that are above 107 Kelvin.

通常情况下，物体发出的X射线同步辐射发射（电子振荡所产生的磁场线左右），热气体排放的薄是上述107 （ 10万美元） kelvins和热气体排放的厚的上述107开尔文。

Techniques and processes of activation for micas have been investigated. The optimum temperature of muscovite, sericite and illite is different, and at the temperatures the micas are mostly dehydroxylated, but still remain the basic layer structure. Some heat-induced phenomena can be observed in thermal-treated products, and the release potassium is principally slowly available potassium.

对云母样品活化释钾的方法进行了探讨，发现白云母、绢云母和伊利石的最佳释钾活化温度，该温度下云母部分脱羟，但仍保持了原有的基本结构，透射电镜下可见脱羟引起的辐射损伤、热致的晶格位错等结构现象；热产物中速效钾、特别是缓效钾量增加显著。

This invention relates to a method and device for generating cold atomic beam. Said method includes heating hot atom source in vacuum chamber to form atomic saturated vapor pressure atmosphere, cooling hot atom by three-D MOT to below 200uk and trapped to form cold atomic cloud, by the quarter wave plate reflection mirror in MOT the laser radiation pressure being unbalanced to make cold atom emitting along said direction, four tape arranged straight line set with contrary current direction is set in atom beam emission direction, which makes the atom emitted to forward to obtain cold atom beam with low speed, large flux and small transverse speed, laser beam vertical with atom beam set in the direction of cold atom emitting for atom beam state preparation to realize state concordant emitted cold atom beam.

本发明涉及一种冷原子束产生方法和装置，该方法包括在抽真空的真空室内，加热热原子源，在真空室中形成相应的原子饱和蒸汽压气氛；采用三维MOT对热原子进行冷却，冷却到200μk以下，并被捕获形成冷原子云团；通过三维MOT中开小孔的四分之一波片反射镜，而使得在该方向上激光辐射压力不平衡，使冷原子沿此方向出射；在冷原子束出射方向上，还置有载有彼此电流方向相反的四根成锥形排列的直导线，从而原子出射时将在磁场的作用下，不会沿横向膨胀而向前射出；便得到了出射速度低的、通量较大的、横向速度非常小的连续冷原子束；同时在冷原子束的出射方向上，设置有与原子束垂直的激光束，用于原子束的态制备，实现态一致的出射冷原子束。

In order to make the right evaluation of the state which is the consumption consume of the steam line system, we make an test of the heat loss of the steam line network. And we also probe into the heat loss of the steam line system and the factors. In order to solve the heat inefficency of the steam line system, we look into the present situation of the steam line network and the state of heat preservation. Then we found the open questions and the weak points of heat preservation. We make the evaluation and affirm the reason of the heat inefficency of the system. We adopted the combination of bench test and engineering optimization, then we screened out high-quality adiabator, and designed the best heating composition. We designed and developed the software"The analysis and optimization of energy of the steam line system in thermal production" It can offer convenience to the computational analysis of heat loss of the steam line system. It can also be used for design calculation and experimental verification of steam pipeline feasible radial-radius, so it can offer technical support for the reduce of heat loss of the system, the raise of well head steam quality and the raise of heat efficicency of the steam injection system.

为了对输汽系统的用能状况作出正确的分析评价，对输汽管线热损失进行了测试计算，对输汽系统热量损失及影响因素进行了探讨；为了解决输汽系统热效率低的问题，从输汽管网现状及管道保温状况调查入手，掌握存在的问题和保温薄弱环节，做出分析评价，确认导致系统热效率低的原因，采用室内试验与工程优化相结合的办法，筛选出优质保温材料，设计最优保温结构，同时设计开发了&热采输汽系统能量分析及优化软件&，为输汽系统热量损失计算分析和保温结构优化提供了方便，还对输汽管线合理辐射半径进行了设计计算及实验验证，从而为降低系统的热能损失，提高井口蒸汽干度，提高注汽系统的热效率提供了技术支持。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。