辐射度

The effect of obstacle with special size on audibility factor of DW-ILS is analyzed,and the numerical results are obtained.

采用电磁感应定理计算出了特定尺寸障碍物对分米波仪表着陆系统航向天线辐射场的散射，得到了该障碍物对跑道中心线上可听度系数影响的数值结果，并对此做出了分析。

The reflectivity of the multilayer is measured at Bessy Ⅱ synchrotron radiation, and the peak reflectivity is measured to be 7.5%.

对衍射仪测量的掠入射反射曲线和同步辐射测量的反射率曲线分别进行拟合，得到的粗糙度和厚度比的结果相近。

To be true, as a twenty-five-year old Einstein, he is very talented, he associated photoelectric diode and black body radiation in the research of photoelectric effect, young and capable, very talented; he associated Coriolis force in the inertia with electromagnetic induction issue and curl field issue in light wave interference research, I really admired his association talent from my heart!

诚然，作为25岁的爱因斯坦很有才华，他在光电效应的研究中把光电二极管与黑体辐射联想到一起，年轻有为，很不简单；他在光波干涉研究中就把惯性中的 Coriolis 力与电磁感应和旋度场问题联想到一起，我真心佩服他的联想智慧！

The method amending atmosphere influence is introduced, which places large area gray body beside the target. After academic analysis and experiment research, it is found that the "black body demarcation curve" and "reference curve" intersect at the atmosphere temperature point, and the slope amending coefficient and offset amending coefficient could be calculated based this two curve. After corresponding amending on target gray, the infrared radiation characteristics could be calculated by rule and line.

介绍了通过放置在目标附近的大面源灰体修正环境影响的方法，经过理论分析及实验验证，发现"黑体标定曲线"和"参考曲线"相交于环境温度点，并且根据这两个曲线可计算出环境影响的斜率修正系数和偏置修正系数，对目标的灰度值进行相应的修正就可以准确地计算出目标的温度等红外辐射特性。

The test results indicate that Lambert cosine radiation characteristic of the new method has a distinct improvement, and the incidence normalized curve approaches to the standard cosine curve in the 0° and 45°.

测试结果表明，新工艺的朗伯余弦辐射特性得到明显改善，在0°与45°入射时，归一化曲线接近标准余弦曲线；300 nm处半球反射率均匀度从0.77提高到0.98；200~400 nm处半球反射率平均提高33%；将其应用于紫外－真空紫外遥感仪器上进行了角度响应测试，漫反射特性明显优于美国2002年发射的同类仪器SBUV/2。

The test results indicate that Lambert cosine radiation characteristic of the new method has a distinct improvement, and the incidence normalized curve approaches to the standard cosine curve in the 0° and 45°. Moreover,with the new mehtod, hemisphere index of reflection uniformity increases from 0.77 to 0.98 at 300 nm and the hemisphere index of reflection averagely enhances by 33% at 200~400 nm.

测试结果表明，新工艺的朗伯余弦辐射特性得到明显改善，在0°与45°入射时，归一化曲线接近标准余弦曲线；300 nm处半球反射率均匀度从0.77提高到0.98；200~400 nm处半球反射率平均提高33%；将其应用于紫外-真空紫外遥感仪器上进行了角度响应测试，漫反射特性明显优于美国2002年发射的同类仪器SBUV/2。

The quality of interior environment in nursing home residents will become one of the attention-getting subjects due to the gradual increase of aging populations This paper directs at the research of nursing home's interior environment factors in Tainan We use the standard of international practice to analyze the intrinsical data of environmental monitoring and establish the characteristics which from environmental physical reaction of nursing home The research items are air environments (PM10 CO CO2 formaldehyde TVOC) temperate environments and light environment (illumination average brightness daylight factor) etc There are the inductive conclusions of this research: 1 In basic medicine the clinical diagnosis means the theory and technique about physical examination with patients The definition of clinical diagnosis in architecture should be the diagnosis of building preserve and improve the feasible way to extend building's service life and assure the residents of the healthy quality of interior environment The object of clinical diagnosis in architecture is not only to ensure the use of structure and environment quality but also keep the structure and environment quality in sustainable; therefore creating an efficient system of preserving plan is needed 2 It is an accurate and technical circumstance which about improving remedying and reconstructing the problems of structure space This circumstance includes finding questions ensuring causation ascertaining ultimate strength evaluating environment quality estimating the necessary of restoration and implementing on a suitable way Furthermore when reconstructing and ameliorating the appearance of structure space it should be respected and the memories of it should be preserved 3 In clinical diagnosis of environment quality of space the question of physical environment and the deficiencies of structure must be separated The structure space of construction and the high quality of space should be inspected strictly then observed the crucial reason that can find out any invisible and hidden causes The diagnosis of construction is to observe the reason of destroyed structure The environmental diagnosis of indoor and outdoor is to find out the crucial reason that influences health 4 In order to decrease the iterant problems the construction and environment of space should be diagnosed However the destruction by natural strength and artificial using by human are important causes that can affect the service life of construction Searching the cause of disease just like curing the patient which includes inspection diagnosis cure and prevention We tested the thermal conductivity of siding material in this research and then found out the roof east vertical face and west vertical face have most radiant heat especially the construction of RC The characteristics of opaquely outer casing have relations with the thermal conductivity of wall to wiz the ability of heat insulation Therefore increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and decreasing the endoergic factor of insolation are very important to temperate environments

而随著国内老年人人口逐渐增加，逐渐迈向高龄化之同时，对於高龄者使用空间之室内环境品质相关议题之探讨，亦成为未来我们需加以关注之议题之一。主要为针对台南某安养中心室内环境因子进行检测调查工作，利用现场室内环境测定以取得有效的实测数据；再藉由汇整相关国际评估基准，并进行实测数据比对分析，建立老人安养中心对物理环境反应之特性。并以前期相关研究文献回顾与老人安养中心实测案例现场的实验，来了解不同空间物理环境特性之影响，并将结果回馈实际建筑及室内设计之用。调查工作项目包含：空气环境之PM10、CO、CO2、甲醛、TVOC；温热环境之室内温度、相对湿度、人体PMV、PPD；光环境之照度、均齐度、昼光率等因子调查。本研究结果可归纳以下几点结论： 1 所谓临床诊断医学乃相对於基础医学而言，是指实际与病人接触的医疗及护理行为中牵涉到的理论和技术；而建筑的临床诊断的定义应为建筑本体与室内外诊断、维护及改善所有可行的方式来延长建筑物的寿命，并确保人与室内环境空间品质的健康。建筑临床诊断目的为确保结构体与环境品质能继续使用，而能维持所需要的效能及承受能力。一个有效的维护计画体系是必须建立的 2 在建筑空间之问题改善、治疗与修复执行中，是一个精确与技术性的事项，其中包含找出问题、确定原因、评估结构应力强度、评估环境品质、评估修复与改善必要性、选择及执行一个适当的过程。其改善与修复也必须尊重建筑空间原有色彩与形貌，并保留原有记忆及文化。 3 在临床诊断中空间环境品质中，物理性环境问题与结构构件缺陷必须分别判断，诊断建筑空间之结构与空间舒适品质必须详细观察其症结性问题，才能发现任何隐藏及有潜伏性缺陷的原因。建筑本体诊断是观察出建筑本体之破坏原因，而是内外空间环境诊断目的在於的找出影响健康因素之症结性问题。 4 建筑本体与空间环境之预防评估目的为降低与抑制问题的再发生。然而，自然力的破坏与人为使用因素皆是影响建筑生命期之主要因素，找出病源问题就如同医生对病人的处理，包含了侦查、诊断、治疗以及预防。 5 本研究以外墙材料热传导率测试结果发现，屋面与东西向立面是承受辐射热最多的地方，尤以 RC 的建筑更甚，不透明部分的外壳能特性主要与壁体的热传透率即隔热能力有关，但是承受来自日射的吸热影响，因此增加隔热性能与降低日射吸热因子是对温热环境是非常重要的。

The highlighted skin regions are compensated based on the dichromatic reflection model.

一方面降低了算法复杂度，另一方面又可以在序贯主分量分析中提出特征值比值，迅速而准确地自动检测是否有皮肤高光区域的存在，同时还可以鲁棒地确定皮肤双色反射矢量，应用双色反射模型进行肤色高光区域的辐射校正。

In this paper , using the DDA method, after calculating optical characteristics of the difformity aerosol particles, the author gets the relationships of extinction factor and absorption factor of aerosol particles with the changing incident wavelength, combining the Muller scattering matrix, the angular distribution of scattering intensity and polarizability of aerosol particles is given, which provides an efficient approach for the research of atmospheric radiation and transmission.

本文基于DDA方法，对不同形状气溶胶粒子的光学特性进行计算，得到气溶胶粒子的消光因子、吸收因子随波长变化的数值结果。结合Muller散射矩阵，给出了气溶胶粒子散射强度和极化度的角分布，为研究大气辐射传输提供了有效的方法。

The properties and structures have been investigated as well by X-ray diffraction, infrared absorption spectrum and differential thermal analysis. The solvent dilatability and gelation ability, viscidity and organic content have been tested.

以十六烷基季铵盐为有机化改性剂，用微波辐射加热的方法制备出了性能优良的有机膨润土，利用XRD、FT-IR、DTA等方法分别对合成的钠基膨润土和有机膨润土的结构进行了研究和表征；并初步测试了有机膨润土的溶胀性、凝胶性能、粘度和有机物含量。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。