辐射

Nozzle flow was assumed to be frozen, and convective and radiative heat transfer from gas to solid wall was considered. Discretization of the governing equations was performed with two order upstream scheme, and radiative heat transfer equation was solved with Discrete Ordinates method. Absorption coefficient of water vapor was calculated by Leckner formula.

计算中，假定塞式喷管中的流动为冻结流动，考虑燃气向壁面的对流换热和辐射换热；采用二阶迎风格式离散控制方程，及DO模型离散求解辐射换热方程，水蒸气的吸收系数根据Leckner公式计算。

The radiative properties of syngas mixture were calculated by weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model. The Ranz- Marshall correlation for Nusselt number was used to account for convection heat transfer between gas phase and particles. The discrete ordinates model was used for modeling of the radiative heat transfer, and the effect of ash/slag particles on radiative heat transfer was considered.

温度场计算肘基于灰气体加权和模型与离散坐标法相结合的方法求解热辐射方程，同时考虑了煤渣颗粒的热辐射和散射影响，利用Ranz-Marshall关系式计算气固相间对流换热作用。

Based on the Chebyshev collocation spectral method and Schur decomposition,two direct solvers for radiative discrete ordinates equations for a three-dimensional rectangular furnace with absorbingemitting medium are developed.

针对三维长方形炉内具有吸收-发射介质的辐射换热，基于Chebyshev配置点谱方法和Schur分解开发了直接求解辐射离散坐标方程的求解器。

The results showed that the red /blue color index during twilight changed evidently with AODs in lower atmosphere. When AOD was small, there was a maximum of the radiance at 450nm in the high view elevation angle. So the sky color at the zenith is blue. However, the maximum shifted to red wavelength (about 700nm) with the fall of view elevation angle.

计算结果分析表明，曙暮光时天空辐射强度的红蓝光颜色指数随近地层大气气溶胶光学厚度的变化显著；当τ较小时，太阳辐射随波长的变化显著，在高仰角450nm附近有极大值，天顶方向以蓝色调为主；而在低仰角极大值向红光方向移动。

Analyses the working principle of radiation thickness gauge of non-contacting continous on-line measurement,which is widely suitable for mangle production line of metal strip.

分析了能广泛应用于金属轧制生产线上进行非接触式连续测量材料厚度的辐射测厚仪的工作原理，设计了智能辐射测厚仪的硬件和软件，利用单片机实现对测量数据的特殊处理、工作状态的自动识别、动态自动校正、动态温度补偿和人工修正等。

Alternative-Heating-Info.com is your guide to wood and wood pellet stoves, corn stoves, solar heating systems, small space heaters,geothermal heat pumps, landscaping, electric radiant floor heat and radiant heat panels.

另类加热i-info.com 是木材及木球指南火炉、玉米炉具、太阳能采暖系统小空间热水器，地热热泵、美化，电动地板辐射热和辐射热板。

The amount of sulfuric acid, the ratio of liquid and solid, the microwave radiation time, the pressure, and the power on the yield of reducing sugar were investigated.

实验结果表明，微波辐射条件下，随着硫酸质量分数、固液比、辐射时间、压强、功率的变化，还原糖收率都存在着一个先增加后减少的趋势。

Radiation pyrometer is a useful non-contact surface temperature measurement instrument.

摘 要：基于辐射学原理的辐射高温计是一种非常实用的非接触式表面温度测量仪器。

The measure principles and optical paths of multi-line spectrum analysis,multi-channel radiation pyrometer,and laser speckle photography were introduced.

综述了几种电弧等离子体温度场的诊断技术，阐述了光谱多线解析法、多通道辐射高温计法、散斑照相法的测量原理和光路设计，分析比较了光谱多线解析法、多通道辐射高温计法、散斑照相法等方法的优缺点。

Heating boiler, burning device, complementing machine and control system for boiler; Heating radiator, temperature-controlling valve, hot measuring instrument and meter , electric heater , heat exchanger; Central hot water system , hanged heating stove , solar water heater , pot-type boiler , hygiene hot water equipment for bathroom and kitchen , heating equipment of sauna and swimming pool, etc.; Central heating technology and equipment, heat transmission equipment , geo-thermal energy heating equipment , floor radiation heating equipment , exothermic cable heat equipment , electro thermal membrane heating equipment , radiation heating equipment ,etc.

采暖供热锅炉、燃烧器、锅炉辅机及控制系统；采暖散热器、温控阀、热计量仪器仪表、电热器、换热器；中央热水系统、采暖壁挂炉、太阳能热水器、家用热水器、浴室厨房卫生热水设备、桑拿游泳池供热设备等；集中供热技术及设备、换热设备、地热供热采暖设备、地板辐射供暖设备、发热电缆供暖设备、电热膜供暖设备、辐射采暖设备等。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。