辐射

The change of these two kinds of charge induced by ionizing radiation as a function of radiation dose can be well described by the expressions proposed in this model. At last, the correlation between these two kinds of charge is discussed and a linear dependence is suggested at low dose level.

最后讨论了低剂量辐照下，两种辐射诱导陷阱电荷密度之间的关系，认为低辐射剂量下两者存在线性关系，并用实验验证了理论模型的正确性。

Combining with the temporal and spatial distribution spatial distribution species radiation intensity,the detailed mechanism of the generation of laser induced species radiation was discussed, the continuous radiation comes from the Bremsstrublung emission of energetic electrons ejected from the target and recombination of electron and ion near target, the primary mechanism of atomic excitation and ion excitation in plasma is inelastic collision between the elemental species and high-kinetic energy electron,the model can explain the experimental results qualitatively.

讨论了激光诱导发光的机理，认为等离子体羽中连续辐射背景光主要来自近靶处高能电子的韧致辐射和电子与离子的复合激发，原子和离子光谱线主要由等离子体中高能电子的碰撞传能激发所引起，并用之较好地解释了所观察的实验现象。

A series of theoretical and experimental studies on the microstrip patch antennas with dielectric superstrates is carried out systematically. Firstly, a comprehensive survey of the microstrip antenna technology and its theories are presented. Then, two analysis techniques, named as the spectral domain Green's function method and the spectral domain integral equation method are developed. The SDGF method is a simplified analysis technique, which takes advantage of the spectral domain immittance approach to find the dyadic Green's function for the stratified media, and obtains the complete closed-form formulas for radiation patterns, directivity, efficiency, gain etc. Some interesting calculated results are presented. The SDIE method is capable of determining resonant frequency, radiation characteristics, input impedance etc, for the covered microstrip patch antennas. Comparing with other full-wave analyses it reduced computation and mathematical labour remarkably. The singularities near the pole location of the surface-wave modes and the difficulty of the integral computation over infinite range of oscillating integrands are dealt with actively and documented well. Results predicted by the SDIE method agree extremely well with our experimental results for resonant frequencies of various superstrates. The superstrate effects on impedance and radiation characteristics also have been investigated experimentally so that the gap due to lack of measured data and computed results for multi-layered superstrate has been filled to some degrees and two useful observations have been achieved for weakening the resonant frequency shift and optimizing the microstrip antenna gain. As a meaningful application, the design and analysis of a 4×4 patch array are introduced.

实用微带天线普遍加介质覆盖层来防护热，物理损伤和环境影响，也可能在飞行或严酷气候条件下自然形成覆盖层本论文对带介质覆盖层的微带贴片天线系统地作了一系列理论和实验研究首先，对微带天线技术和理论作了全面的综述然后，发展了两种分析方法，称为谱域格林函数法和谱域积分方程法SDGF法是一种简化的分析技术，它利用谱域导抗法来求得分层媒质的并矢格林函数，并得出方向图、方向性系数、增益等参数的完整的闭式公式，给出了一些令人感兴趣的计算结果SDIE法能确定介质覆盖微带天线的谐振频率、辐射特性和输入阻抗等与其它全波分析方法相比，它明显减小了计算量和数学工作量已有效地处理了表面波模极点附近的奇异性和对振荡的被积函数的无限区间积分计算的困难对于不同覆盖层情况下的谐振频率，由SDIE法所预示的结果与我们的实验结果吻合得很好对于覆盖层对阻抗和辐射特性的影响也已作了实验研究这在某种程度上填补了缺少实验数据和计算结果之间的间隙，并得出了缓解谐振频率偏移和优化天线增益的两点有用的结论作为有意义的应用，介绍了一个4×4元矩形贴片天线阵的设计和分析。

Such so-called Dyson spheres would, if they exist, reradiate captured energy (after some of it had been put to good use) as heat—infra-red radiation.

这样的中空球结构称为"Dyson球"。如果这样的外星生物存在，他们捕捉的能量在利用之后可能有再辐射，即热红外辐射。

Infra-red ray: Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength between 780nm and 1mm, strongly radiated by hot objects and also termed heat radiation.

红外线：波长介乎780纳米至1毫米间的电磁辐射波；是热力物体所发的强力辐射，故又称为热辐射。

Infra-red ray: Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength between 780nm and 1mm, strongly radiate d by hot objects and also termed heat radiation.

红外线：波长介乎780纳米至1毫米间的电磁辐射波；是热力物体所发的强力辐射，故又称为热辐射。

Using the approximation of steady collisional-radiative equilibrium model, the interstage line intensity ratios of the K-shell lines of aluminum were given as a function of electron temperature and density.

利用稳态碰撞辐射平衡近似条件下的等离子体光谱辐射动力学模型，给出了Al激光等离子体Ly β线与He β线强度比以及Ly γ线与He γ线强度比与电子温度的函数关系。

Geant4 toolkit for Monte Carlo simulation is used in high energy heavy ion energy deposition simulation.

在银河宇宙射线中，400MeV/nucleon的铁离子通量相对来讲是较高的，400MeV/nucleon的铁离子对空间辐射引起的损伤和辐射剂量有重要的贡献。

They include: 1. A supersonic beam of NO molecule mixed with Ar atom is ionized by VUV synchrotron radiation from Hefei Light Source at National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory.

它们包括： 1。首次利用国家同步辐射实验室合肥光源的真空紫外同步辐射，使NO分子和Ar原子混合物的超声分子束发生光电离，测量了Ar，NO和异类团簇Ar·NO的光电离效率谱。

Objective To study the role of HRAD17 in DNA damage and apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation.

目的探讨HRAD17在DNA辐射损伤修复及辐射诱导的凋亡中的作用。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。