辐射

In this dissertation, based on the discussed history of numerical method of structure-born sound radiation, the boundary element integral equation is deduced, and then the numerical method of sound radiation, the theory of radiation modal and the sound radiation sensitivity analysis is discussed in details.

本文在分析了结构声辐射数值方法的历史及其现状的基础上，详细推导了结构声辐射的边界积分方程，对声辐射的数值计算方法、声辐射的模态理论以及声辐射的灵敏度分析作了深入详细的探讨。

The author discussed the effect of opacity on stellar evolution and concentrated on the mechanism of triggering blue loop by using Padova stellar model. It shows that extended mixing at the bottom of the convective envelope changed the interior hydrogen profile, which triggers or suppresses blue loop. Laboratory astrophysics, which is a cross subject of astrophysics and plasma physics, combines the demand of accurate data of radiative opacity with the latest advances in high intense lasers to devise the third independent method to study the radiative opacity. On the basis of the comparison between stellar material and laser-produced plasma in terrestrial laboratory, the desirable way to study opacity in laboratory and the brief introduction to the experiments relative to opacity are given.

本论文就开展辐射不透明度实验室研究的背景、内容和意义进行了介绍，并在对实验室的激光等离子体和天体环境下的恒星物质两者差异和相关性的认识基础上，论证了开展辐射不透明度实验室研究的可行性，而且对世界上正在开展的类似研究予以简要介绍，期望可以将天体物理领域对辐射不透明度数据可靠程度的质疑以及对其准确数值的广泛要求，与激光等离子体物理实验的最新进展相结合，推进辐射不透明度实验室研究，为辐射不透明度的研究开拓了继天文观测和理论计算的第三种独立的手段。

This thesis developed physics model of radiant panel heating and cooling room based on previous studies. Computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT was applied to study the thermal environment of radiant panel heating and cooling room. The distributions of temperature and velocity of rooms of radiant floor heating and cooling, radiant ceiling heatingand cooling and radiant wall heating and cooling are gained.

本文在总结前人经验的基础上，分别建立了辐射板采暖和辐射板供冷房间的物理模型，利用商业软件Fluent对采用辐射板采暖系统和辐射板供冷系统房间内的热环境进行了模拟研究，分别得到了辐射板布置在地板、墙面和顶板三种不同方式下的采暖和供冷房间内的温度和速度分布情况。

Floor heating systems have been used since ancient times due to their advantages over other heating systems. Previous studies are mainly on the floor heating systems using hot water. There is insufficient study, to the author's knowledge, about floor heating systems using electric heating cords. In the thesis, the heat-transfer characteristics and comfort for the floor heating system and ceiling panel heating system using electric heating cords were investigated.

地板辐射采暖系统与其它采暖方式相比，因许多优点它已有多年的使用和发展历史，在相关研究文献中，大都采用低温热水地板辐射采暖为研究对象，相对而言，电热地板辐射采暖系统的研究文献比较欠缺，为此，本文研究了电热地板辐射采暖和顶棚辐射采暖两种形式下的传热特性和室内热舒适性。

Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on the growth and photosynthesis of the economic brown alga Hizikia fusiformis were investigated while exposed to full spectrum solar radiation (280－700 nm), solar radiation depleted of UV-B (320－700 nm) and solar radiation deprived of total UVR (400－700 nm) in order to understand its responses to changes in solar UVR.

为探讨经济褐藻羊栖菜对阳光紫外辐射变化的响应，我们在全波段阳光辐射(280－700 nm)，去除UV-B辐射(320－700 nm)以及光合有效辐射PAR (400－700 nm)三种辐射条件下对其进行培养，测定了其光合作用与生长的变化。

Design the structure of high performance Low-E film including its material and thickness of every layer according to basic optical theory. Carry out an innovative work to calculate its optical performance by characteristic matrices and optical admittance. Compare the results with those we get by traditional measurement.3. Prepare Low-E films with RF magnetron controlled reactive sputtering. The result shows that in the visible region (380nm-780nm), the highest transmittance is 82.4% while the average value is 75%. In the NIR region (780nm-2500nm), the average transmittance is 16.2%. These characters can fit the demand of the glass used in architecture and cars, and also in other applications.4. We novelly use the material Titanium as protective layer to solve the problem that Ag layer would disappear when depositing the second TiO_2 layer. As the protective layer, Ti does not increase the number of targets so as to lower the costs. The thickness of the protective layer Titanium is adjusted by controlling of sputtering time. Results shows the Low-E films get the best optical character when the sputtering time of Titanium is 20 seconds5. We novelly proposed a new transmittance quality factor Q=_·(?_-__ to evaluate the performances of Low-E films, which makes it easier to judge the qualities of Low-E film.6. The photocatalysis of Titanium dioxides is researched and introduced into Low-E films. Sb-doped TiO_2 thin films are prepared. Its photocatalysis and hydrophilicity are measured.

论文的工作主要有：1、总结了低辐射薄膜的制备方法，性能，以及国内外最新研究进展和应用，并对两种类型的低辐射薄膜进行了比较。2、从光学基本理论开始，设计了离线低辐射薄膜的结构，包括每一层的材料和厚度，并创新性的用特性矩阵和光学导纳理论计算了该离线膜的光学性能，利用软件对其进行了仿真，与实际制备的薄膜所测量的性能相比较。3、完成在实验室仪器上制备低辐射薄膜，掌握其工艺条件，解决了超薄金属膜的制备问题，所制备的低辐射薄膜在可见光区(380hm-780hm)最高可达82.4%，平均透射率为75%；在近红外区(780nm-2500nm)的平均透射率为16.2%，其性能达到建筑物幕墙玻璃，汽车前挡玻璃等应用标准，并为进一步的大规模生产打下基础。4、针对中间银层在镀上层膜时易被氧化这一工艺难题，本研究创新性的提出用Ti膜作为保护膜，没有增加新的靶材，提高了生产效率，并节约了生产成本。

The results showed that the percentage of photosynthetically active radiation was about 80.1 in the absorption spectrum.

结果表明，冠层上方总辐射、反射辐射、基部透射辐射及吸收辐射中光合有效辐射所占百分比分别为47.5%、25.7%、29.6%和80.1%。

At the experimental intensity of 20W/cm^2 and in the dose range studied (0.00, 0.24, 0.48, 0.72, 0.96 and 1.20kJ/m^2), both the population number and growthrate was the highest in the control and decreased with the increment of UV-B radiation. In addition, the population number and growth rate of rotifer Brachionus urceus showed a similar tendency of decrease with the dose increase of UV-B radiation. Both of them could be used as an ideal biomarker for the enhancement of UV-B radiation.

实验表明，在本实验辐射强度(20W/平方公分)和剂量范围内（0.24、0.48、0.72、0.96和1.20kJ/平方人公尺）壶状臂尾轮虫的种群数量和种群增殖率均以对照组最高，各UV-B辐射处理组则随UV-B辐射剂量的增大而呈一致性减小，说明该种群的种群数量和种群增殖率随UV-B辐射的增强显示一致性的影响，两者都可以作为大气UV-B辐射强弱的生物指标。

Numerical results show that ARM may be decoyed to a trapped area if the power and initial phase of the radiation filed of the decoy relative to the radar are set to some appropriate values.

数值计算表明，通过合理设置雷达诱饵布阵距离、诱饵辐射功率与雷达副瓣辐射功率的相对大小及诱饵辐射场与雷达辐射场初始相位的相对关系，可以使反辐射导弹跟踪进入雷达和诱饵之间的陷阱区域。

deviation of the antenna radiation resistance seems larger in some textbooks about the electromagnetic theory for the editors have made some similar treatment when discussing the radiation power of short antenna.combining the concept of physical with mathematical tools and the precise results are gained,that is the real radiation resistance of electric dipole antenna is about ten times smaller than that of the approximate results in the actual literature by researching the electromagnetic field theory and average energy density.this offers evidence to grasp the radiated ability accurately.

小 摘要：在部分有关电磁场理论的教材中，编者讨论短天线的辐射功率时，由于作了某些近似处理而所得天线的辐射电阻值偏差较大。从天线辐射的电磁场理论和平均能流密度出发，使物理概念和数学工具相结合，运用矢量运算推导出精确的结果，即电偶极子天线的实际辐射电阻要比文献中的近似结果小数十倍，因而为准确把握天线的辐射能力提供了依据。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。