辐

The eddy flow around waterspout of a tub and the cyclone in the bottom of a typhoon are convergent flow-in rotational flow .

水槽排水孔形成的旋涡和台风底层的气旋都是Coriolis力作用下的辐合流入层旋流，台风顶部是辐散流出层气旋。

When the burring process of 12×4J wheel is processed taking the deformation area as the plane stress condition,the deformation characteristics of normal and radius directions are studied,which is influenced by the factors such as height and the inner hole initial radius and the deformation law of circle strain.

利用斜冲模对12×4J轮辐进行翻边时，将变形区看做是平面应力状态，探讨了翻边高度、初始孔径及斜冲模角对翻边变形区径向应变和轴向应变的影响，对12×4J轮辐翻边不同斜冲模角下的冲压力变化规律进行了计算。

Study of the causes of MCS intensification and rainstorm shows that( 1) just before the heavy rains occur, there are high temperature, considerably wetness and unsteady convective stratification in the air over the rainstorm-hit area, in addition to significant increase in convectively efficient potential energy, condensation height and decrease in the height of free convection – all these favor the happening of the heavy rain,(2) the mergence of meso-βcloud clusters leads to the MCS such fast growth as to produce rainstorm,( 3) the two lines of cumuli in the north and west correspond, separately, to two convergences on the surface wind field, with stronger convergence at their meeting point responsible for such intense development of meso-βcloud cluster as to bring about torrential rains.

分析MCS加强和产生暴雨的原因表明，首先，暴雨发生前夕暴雨区域具有高温、高湿和对流性不稳定层结，并存在明显的对流有效位能增加、抬升凝结高度及自由对流高度降低的现象，有利于暴雨发生。第二，β中尺度云团之间的合并，使MCS迅速增长，产生暴雨。第三，北、西两条积云线分别与地面风场中的两条辐合线相对应，在它们交汇处的较强辐合导致β中尺度云团强烈发展产生暴雨。

Under the affecting of longitudinal and latitudinal wind stress together, longitudinal wind stress of zero class that is symmetrical to equator has no effects on equations. Nevertheless, longitudinal wind stress of one class that is dissymmetric to equator changes the result and makes longitudinal flow not equal to zero.

在经向风应力和纬向风应力的联合驱动下海洋会有不同的响应，零阶的经向风应力也即对赤道对称的经向风应力没有影响到最后结果，而只有一阶的经向风应力也即对赤道反对称的经向风应力，或者说具有辐合辐散的经向风应力对最后的速度场和位势场造成影响，而且一阶经向速度也不再为零。

It is forecast that NARI will strengthen at less than climatological rate before crossing the ridge axis due to the combined effect of improving poleward outflow and restricted equatorward outflow, together with generally warm sea surface temperatures and moderate vertical wind shear.

受到转好的极向辐散通道、被阻碍的横向辐散通道、较暖的海水及中等的垂直风切变的影响，百合可於未来 48 小时稍为增强至一级台风。

Importantly, recent analyses8 have begun to reveal new relationships between early vertebrates, in which acanthodians and placoderms are scattered among the early divisions of gnathostome evolution; acanthodians, in particular, are cropping up on chondrichthyan and osteichthyan stem groups.

有颌类包括硬骨鱼类以及软骨鱼类。软骨鱼类仅占有颌类物种数的2%，其余98%的有颌类都属于硬骨鱼类。在硬骨鱼类中，大约一半是辐鳍鱼类，剩余的统称肉鳍鱼类。辐鳍鱼类包括从斑马鱼到多鳍鱼的大约2万8千个种。

It is shown that GPS/PWV data with an time interval of 30 minutes reflected spatial and temporal changes of atmospheric vapor intuitionally and duly, the features of GPS/PWV changes had corresponding relations with the precipitation, the divergence of GPS/PWV showed the distributions of the convergence and divergence of atmospheric vapor.

分析还表明：每30min一次的GPS/Pwv资料能直观地、及时地反映大气中水汽的时间变化和空间变化；GPS/Pwv资料随时间的演变特征与降水有较好的对应关系；GPS/Pwv的散度资料可以反映大气中水汽的辐合、辐散分布情况。

The low-pressure trough of fronts at surface moved southward,and surface pressure fell rapidly,So it caused strong convergence and rising monton.

200hPa辐散，850hPa辐合的垂直配置，有利于低层水汽能源源不断上送；④特大暴雨发生在正涡度中心附近和上升运动中心的南侧。

Resultantly, the individual warm/cold events in ENSO cycle appear to be partially locked to the annual cycle, and also exhibit obvious irregularity both in amplitude and in lasting time.

本文第四章研制设计了一包含海洋表面边界层和大气辐合反馈过程的热带太平洋海气耦合异常模式，进而利用该模式对ENSO循环进行了较为真实的模拟，通过对模式ENSO循环的演变特征及其形成机制的细致分析，建立了-ENSO循环的非线性分析模式，并提出了ENSO循环形成的一种更为客观的理论，指出：1）和观测事实类似，模式ENSO循环确实涉及了三种主要时间尺度过程即LF、QB和AC，其中LF为3-4年主周期振荡，QB占总方差10～20%；2）ENSO循环的正反馈机制是不稳定海气相互作用过程，且这一不稳定过程的发展在暖态中明显强于冷态；3）ENSO循环的负反馈机制在冷暖态中表现不同，在冷态消亡过程中，这种负反馈过程主要表现为西边界反射产生的时滞效应，但在暖态消亡过程中不存在类似的时滞效应，其负反馈过程主要表现为在海气耦合不稳定充分发展时伴随的赤道两侧冷水上翻过程的加强以及非线性过程的衰减作用抑制了不稳定的发展并最终使得系统回复至冷态；4）ENSO循环的3-4年主周期振荡是一非线性系统的自激振荡现象，其形成是线性系统的本征模即准两年振荡通过非线性机制产生的周期加倍所致，其中&单向性&大气辐合反馈加热过程对其形成至关重要；5）虽然年循环过程对ENSO循环形成没有本质影响，但它可明显影响ENSO循环的具体振幅和位相，使得ENSO对季节循环有明显的&锁相&特征，并且也使得ENSO循环在振幅大小和时间长短方面呈现出明显的不规则性。

With the results, the scale of the spectroradiometer is determined and it is used as an absolute spectroradiometer.

用一组窄带滤光片、简易辐亮度计和硅光二极管探测器设计了绝对型光谱辐亮度计。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。