辅助模型

The contents from the third chapter to the fifth chapter are the kernels which are a series of applications of generalized regression model and generalized regression estimator. At first, this paper constructs ratio model, linear regression model, post-stratified regression model and nonparametric regression model through different regressive relationship between auxiliary variable and study variable.

首先是依据辅助变量与研究变量之间回归关系的不同，分别建立比率模型、线性回归模型、事后分层回归模型和非参数回归模型，然后再利用第二章中推导出的广义回归估计理论，对各种回归模型辅助下(来源：A4bBC12论文网www.abclunwen.com)的估计方法进行了系统性研究，从而构成了模型辅助估计方法的整个研究体系。

The soft-measuring technique is systemically described from the following aspects: auxiliary variable selection, data processing, soft-measuring model construction and model correction. Moreover, in order to solve the problem of measuring temperature of aluminum electrolytic cell, the importation electric power and blanking velocity are selected as auxiliary variable, then the temperature estimated value of the electrolytic cell is calculated. An autoregressive model with controlled item based on Modern Time Series Analysis method is established.

从辅助变量选择、数据处理、软测量模型建立和模型修正等方面系统地介绍了软测量技术；并针对铝电解槽温度高、腐蚀性强、温度难以直接测量的问题，选择电解槽的输入电功率和下料速度作为辅助变量，利用现代时间序列分析法建立了带受控项目的自回归数学模型，从而计算出电解槽的温度估计值。

The heat transfer model, flow models and the physical equations, which are of small calculation error and less limit for the parameters used, are also considered as the subsidiary models.

本文还给出了一些辅助模型，主要包括考虑了适用于卧式蒸汽发生器的各种流型及自然循环等各种因素下的传热模型、流动模型以及精心挑选的参数覆盖范围大、误差小、计算方便的物性方程等等。

The heat transfer models, flow models and the physical equations, which are of small calculating error and less limit for the parameters used, are also considered as the subsidiary models.

辅助模型包括考虑了各种流型及强迫循环与自然循环等各种因素的传热模型、流动模型以及精心挑选的参数覆盖范围大，误差小，计算方便的物性方程等。

The paper presents how to use the technique of OLE and ARX of AutoCAD to build the geometrical model, the finite element model of the given structure visually and use the template and wizard to build the optimization model of it. During the iterative process of the optimization, the method of tracing visualization and interactive control is also provided. Some examples are given to show the appliance of visualization aided structural optimization. Finally, the work of systematic integration is carried out.

同时论述了在优化建模中运用OLE ARX技术实现可视化地建立优化对象的几何模型，结构有限元模型，以及使用模板和专家向导来辅助建立优化模型；在优化迭代过程中实现了跟踪可视和交互式监控，以具体的例子说明了在可视化技术辅助下的结构优化在工程中的应用。

In order to assist Boost converter design, the working process of the converter at discontinuous current mode was analyzed and a nonlinear mathematical model was estabilished as well. Case study on Matlab/ Simulink was performed with binary logical variable used, the simulation result was consistent with the theoretical analysis which proveed the validitd and feasibility of the proposed model. The model could be used to assist Boost circuit design effectively and supplie a basis for parameter optimization.

为了辅助升压变换器在应用中的设计，分析了电流断续状态下Boost变换器的工作过程，建立了这种状态下的Boost变换器非线性数学模型，在结合二进制逻辑变量，建立了Simulink模块下的变换器仿真模型，研究表明仿真结果与理论分析结果一致，证实了模型的准确性和可行性，这种逻辑与模拟结合的简明通用的模型可以高效辅助Boost电路设计并为参数优选打下了基础。

It describes the heteroskedasticity character of interest rate by projecting the sample data onto the EGARCH (1, 1) auxiliary model, makes making the covariance matrix as moment conditions and uses EMM to estimate the parameters. EMM avoids the disadvantage of infeasible or computationally intensive of maximum likelihood functions.

通过将观测数据映射成EGARCH(1， 1)辅助模型描述利率行为的异方差特征，以协方差矩阵为矩条件，用有效矩估计方法得出模型参数，避免了最大似然估计法似然函数不可知或难以求积分的缺陷。

It's pointed out that soft sensor will play more important role in field bus network control system. According to this, a crude solution was addressed. At last, we point out that soft sensor technology must used to build an information warehouse for the whole enterprise, combined with data fusion, data warehouse, data rectification and other related technologies. The main contributions of this dissertation are as follows: The background, requirement, and application situation of soft sensors are expounded, the theories, methods and skills of soft sensing technology are analyzed, and the fruits and problems in current soft sensor technologies are summarized. Some new methods of soft sensor is proposed: A principal component analysis-based secondary variable selection method are proposed; A new conception which modeling data should have gross error detection is addressed, and then a cluster analysis-based modeling data gross error detection method is given.

本文的主要贡献有：对软测量技术根据实践的要求进行了一定的理论研究，针对具体问题提出了新的方法：讨论了辅助变量选择问题，研究了基于主元分析的辅助变量选择方法，该方法克服了传统方法只能利用数学模型产生的仿真数据进行最优辅助变量选择的缺点，可以根据历史数据进行辅助变量选择；提出了建模数据显著误差侦破的概念，指出传统的显著误差侦破研究的是已知过程数学模型的情况，而建模时数学模型是未知的，但是直接来自现场的数据并不能保证不含显著误差，并用基于聚类分析的方法解决了该问题，该方法利用聚类分析原理，直接面对过程数据，不需以过程模型为基础，在此基础上给出了软测量建模过程中样本数据的处理方法。

Thirdly, it analyzes and studies in detail Surpac mechanism and the relevant concepts on constructing the model of mineral deposits and mining engineering systems according to the modeling procedure and the actual conditions of Jinchuan"s mines. Based on these:Lit points out some differences between the western countries and China in the practice of the geological data record, explores the inputting data on computers performed by more people at the same time and the method to improve constructing the data-base and finished the data-base of Jinchuan mineral deposits;2.It puts forward the steps and flow chart to construct the solid model and brings forward the scheme of "first individual then whole to set up Jinchuan mineral deposits geological model, summarizes some experiences for constructing the complicated geological ore body of the high accuracy: add control lines, add auxiliary demarcation lines +control lines, the operation of intersection, cross and incorporation between solid bodies and plane and section combination. The above-mentioned methods applied to construct the mineral deposits solid models of four mine areas in Jinchuan; 3.lt studies and presents the detailed flow chart of constructing block and grade model, analyses the workable scheme in setting up the block and grade model of main ore body for Jinchuan mineral deposits and also sets it up.

接着，按建模流程并结合公司矿山实情，详细研究、分析了Surpac构造矿床模型和采矿工程系统模型的机理、有关概念，在此基础上：(1)指出了西方国家与我国在地质数据记录习惯方面存在的一些差异，探索出多人多机同时录入、提高建库效率的方法，建立了金川矿床地质数据库；(2)研究并提出了构造实体模型的步骤和流程图及&先分后整&建立金川矿床地质体实体模型方案，总结出建立高精度复杂地质体模型几点经验：添加控制线法、添加辅助分界线+控制线法、实体间的交、叉、并运算法及平剖面图联合法，建立了金川矿床四个矿区主矿体的实体模型；(3)研究并提出了建立块模型、品位模型详细流程图，分析了建立金川矿床主矿体块模型和品位模型的可行方案，建立了金川矿床主矿体的块模型和品位模型。

In the modeling of recording optics, the main contents of this thesis are: deriving the fourth-order analytical model for the recording optics with auxiliary spherical mirrors and auxiliary uniform-line-spacing plane gratings, providing the numerical ray-tracing models based on Fermat's principle and local search, and analyzing the expansion errors of analytical models.

本文在记录光路建模方面的主要工作是：针对使用辅助球面镜与辅助等间距平面光栅的两种记录光路，推导了四阶解析模型，给出了基于费马原理与局部搜索的光线追迹数值模型，并分析了解析模型的展开误差。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。