较大的

The experimental result indicates that the sample has a large deformation when the parameters of ratio of consolidation stress, frequency are higher and the sample has a small deformation when the parameter of density is higher.

试验结果表明，当固结应力比、频率较大，而相对密度较小时，试样有较大的变形，更容易发生破坏。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

Meanwhile, the isomer with a larger change of dipole moment has larger value of the first hyperpolarizability during the charge-transfer process.

5， 6， 7顶点双取代碳硼烷桥连分子受推拉电子基的影响，5， 6， 7顶点碳硼烷的构型发生一定变化，碳硼烷中两个C原子间的距离变长；同时碳硼烷中两个C原子取代位置的不同，影响了分子的稳定性和极化率，取代基团与碳硼烷中成键数较低的C原子相连的异构体，稳定性较好且具有大的极化率； 5，6，7顶点双取代碳硼烷桥连分子形成一维结构有利于分子内电荷转移，在电荷转移过程中偶极矩变化较大的体系，其二阶NLO系数也较大。

Yang: Because the colors kind of our marble and onyx slab change heavily which are easier accepted by foreign clients. So the order from the overseas as a core in short time. In recently, with the living standard promoting, Chinese people ' s capability of appreciating to stone material would close to the world level in future. And they could accept our product slowly. Therefore, from the following 5 to 10 years, our product would be more popular in the domestic market than overseas market.

杨：短期内，因本公司产品属于大理石、玉石类的板材，色样变化较大，国外客户较能接受变化大的大理石，所以，定单以国外为主，但中、长期来看，中国近几年，各大都会生活水平提升，对石材欣赏角度会渐渐接近国际水平，相对地也慢慢可以接受变化较大的大理石石材，因此，未来5年到10年，可能，中国国内市场会比国外更热络，所以，产品尔后外销、内销都会有市场，内销可能会追上外销的数量。

The results show that NPP is larger in June and July than other growth periods, grass LAI and NPP change rapidly from May to June. Estimated error of 44 cases by the biomass model is less than 20%, which show that the biomass model is very good , the model can describe growing status. Photosynthesis and respiration are different because of different type grass , three types grass are more adaptive to desert environment and the biomass are also big, the grass types include Alhagi sparsifolia, Lycium ruthenicum and Reaumuria songarica. The grass biomass is influenced by many factors such as grass type, total cover and plant height et al.

结果表明，2005年牧草生长期内NPP的变化基本是6、7月份最大，其它月份较小，5～6月份是牧草叶面积变化比较大的时期，也是NPP变化比较显著的时期；生物量模型估算得到的44个样本的生物量误差基本都小于20%，说明模型能够反映牧草的实际生长状况；不同荒漠牧草对光的利用能力和对CO2同化能力有很大差异，骆驼刺、红砂、黑果枸杞是荒漠牧草生物量较大的牧草类型；牧草类型、牧草盖度以及平均高度是造成不同牧草产量相差较大的重要原因。

When the gas flux is constant, the ratio of reduced resistance is improved with the increase of the water stream velocity. However, the relationship between the gas flux and the ratio of reduced resistance is more complex. When the water stream velocity is constant, if the gas flux is small in contrast, the effectiveness of reduced resistance is not obvious. But when the gas flux increased, the jetted gas will form """"archform"""" which will augment the shape resistance. In this condition, resistance could not be reduced and could even be increased, if the gas flux continues to be increased. So that there needs setting a baffle called step, which introduces the jetted gas into the turbulence boundary layer. In this case, the shape resistance may be fairly great. Besides, the waterline of model has also some effect on the ratio of reduced resistance, which acts on the size of wave. If waterline is deep, the wave could not affect the deployment of microbubble layer, so there is almost no effect on ratio of reduced resistance. However, the wave would affect distributing of microbubble layer under the model so that the gas could leak out from the two sides of model and directly affect the ratio of reduce resistance if the waterline is very small. Whether installing the dashplate or not has also the great influence on the effectiveness the ratio of reduced resistance. From the results of experiment, conclusion is that adding dashplate will greatly improve the effectiveness of reduced resistance.

当喷气量一定时，水流速度增大，减阻率提高；喷气量与减阻率之间的关系比较复杂，速度一定时，如果喷气量较小，减阻效果就比较差，但当喷气量增大的话，喷射出的气体就会形成一个&拱度&，增加了船模的形状阻力，在这种情况下最好采取断阶喷气，把气体引入到湍流边界层中，在这种情况下，船模的形状阻力比较大；船模的吃水对减阻率也有一定的影响，主要表现在波浪大小上，如果吃水较深，波浪影响不到微气泡层的分布，对减阻率不会造成太大影响，如果吃水较浅，波浪就会影响到微气泡层在船模底部的覆盖情况，可能会有部分微气泡从船模两侧泄漏，这样就直接影响到了减阻效果；是否安装压浪板，对减阻率也有较大的影响，从试验结果可以看出，在船模尾部加设了压浪板时，减阻效果明显得到改善。

The result showed that there existed spatial variability of soil nutrients. N, P and K had medium variability, which were mainly affected by routine fertilization measures. On the contrary, Organic matter has a smaller spatial variability; Soil nutrient had semi-variance structure, and model best fit included Circular, Pentaspherical and Exponential. There existed medium spatial correlation in N, P, K and OM.

结果表明，土壤养分性质均存在着空间变异性，受常规施肥措施影响较大的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾变异相对较大；常规施肥有机质投放较少，变异相对较小；土壤养分性质均存在半方差结构，分别拟合Circular、Pentaspherical、Exponential模型，碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质均显示中等的空间相关性。

Therefore liquid CO_2 avoids gas-solid multiphase flow, and supplies continuous low temperature gas for cryoprobe. Experimental results show that the 2-dimension temperature distribution for the first time, it includes:(1) The cooling velocity and freezing zone increases along the flux up at certain size of the cryoprobe in the same biological tissue.(2) As the diameter of cryoprobe increases, the temperature will descend faster, freezing zone will be broader obviously, and ice ball become larger. Until it arrives heat balance, the temperature keeps invariability.(3) Single freezing-thaw results in biggish mechanical injury already for loosen tissue such as pork liver; Successive freeze-thaw circle could quicken freezing and thaw velocity for compact tissue, and it has proved the more mechanical injury of successive freeze-thaw circle than the single freezing-thaw treatment.

文中首次对生物组织进行了二维温度场分布实验研究，得出：(1)当刀头大小一定，对同一组织冷冻时，流量越大，降温速度越快，降温影响区域越大；(2)随着冷刀直径的增加，降温速度随着增加；温度影响区域明显增大；冰球直径也随着增大，热量平衡后温度几乎不随时间变化；(3)对于结构疏松组织比如猪肺脏，单次冻融对组织已造成较大的机械破损；对于结构较致密组织，多次反复冻融可以使降温和复温速率增加，单次冻融的热应力造成的机械破损较小，多次冻融后造成的机械破损比单次冻融所造成的机械破损大；(4)直喷式刀头比导热式节能约15％。

The results also showed that when the wire diameter was fixed, implosions of arrays with larger diameter started earlier and had higher implosion speeds and wider plasma dispersion during implosions.

在丝阵直径不同，丝直径相当时，实验得到较大的丝阵直径内爆启动较早，具有较大的内爆速度，但等离子体在内爆过程中较分散。

a system of along-track mode sar based on the gps is established.by seeing the gps signal as a chirp,chirp scaling algorithm of this mode with large squint angle is investigated.chirp scaling algorithm is considered more efficient and widely applicable when the bistatic sar system is in side-look or small squint angle mode,but in large squint angle case,the errors caused by taylor expansion are so large that the algorithm could lose its precision.in such a case,an equivalent mono-static sar range mode which has fewer errors than taylor expansion with large squint angle is proposed to substitute the range history of bistatic sar.then bistatic sar images with large squint angles are gotten by common nonlinear cs algorithm.the effectivity of the method is verified by matlab simulation.

摘 要：建立了基于gps的顺轨sar系统模型，通过将gps信号等效为chirp信号，研究了在该模式下的大斜视角chirp scaling算法。在正侧视或小斜视情况下，cs算法具有较好的聚焦性能和广泛的适用性，但在斜视角较大的情况下，该算法将散焦而不能成像，因而提出了用等效的单基地距离模型来代替双基地距离历史的方法，解决了大斜视角情况下距离模型二阶近似误差较大的问题，并结合单基地非线性cs算法，实现了在大斜视角情况下的基于gps反射信号的双基地sar高精度成像，最后通过matlab仿真进行了验证。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。