轴线

The detail contents can be summarized as follows: Using Grassmann line geometry method to analyze joint axes linear dependence in manipulator singular configurations; The manipulator constrain equations are derived base on the reciprocity of twists and wrenches; The null space method is used to obtain the reciprocal screws when singularity occurs.

具体内容包括以下几个方面：用Grassmann线几何方法分析了机器人机构奇异时关节轴线的线性相关性；用螺旋理论推导出了基于力螺旋和运动螺旋表示的反螺旋约束方程式；用零空间理论求出了机器人奇异位形的反螺旋。

The oblique rays of the winter sun; acute and obtuse angles are oblique angles; the axis of an oblique cone is not perpendicular to its base.

冬日里的太阳斜撒下来的光线；锐角和钝角都是斜角；斜圆锥体的轴线是不与它的地面垂直的。

The karst caves could be accurately detected only when the boundary of the karst caves has a horizontal extension, as well as the interface of the karst caves is single plane and the normal direction is parallel or small angle intersection (0°~45°) with tunnel axis.

只有溶洞的边界有一定的横向延伸性，溶洞界面呈非常明显的单一平面特征，其法线方向与隧道轴线平行或以较小的角度相交(0°~45°)，溶洞才能被准确探测。

Feature parameters are achieved by comparing the coefficient of standard representation and general representation. As for cone, parameter of general representation has no explicit geometric meaning and can not reflect design intent.

基于二次曲面的统一表示方程，采用最小二乘法进行参数拟合，通过对比其标准形式和二次曲面的统一表示方程，确定圆柱曲面特征带有明显几何意义的参数圆柱轴线法矢量、圆柱的中心和半径。

Comparison between the velocity distributions at the different flow rate conditions showed that increasing the flow rate was help to improving the velocity distribution. The periodic mean field on r-6 plane at different axis positions showed that the flow within the vaned diffuser, especially within the inlet region, was periodic unsteady when impeller located at the different circumferential position, just as the flow within the vaneless diffuser.

有叶扩压器内平均流场的分析表明，在定常流动的假设下，不同流量工况下有叶扩压器的内部流动也呈现为沿轴线向后盘方向推移流动状况逐渐恶劣的分布规律，表明二元叶片构成的平行直壁有叶扩压器对轴向不均匀流动的掺混作用仍然不大。

The sample in this paper shows that: arch axial line has had the deflection and the deflection has surpassed the standard permissible value.

本文所选取的实例在灌注混凝土后，拱轴线发生了偏移，且偏移超出了规范的允许值。

It is opportune and necessary to analize the stability of CFST arch bridge which has had deflection of arch axial line and the deflection has surpassed the standard permissible value.

虽然现行规范中基于经验允许拱轴线存在一定的偏移，但是实际中偏移值超出了这一规定，对这种情况下的钢管混凝土拱桥进行稳定性分析显得十分及时和必要。

It turned out that the pivot line was too high.

原来，这是枢轴线太高。

Compared with the hole-coupling of rectangle waveguide with resonator,this new coupling device features small volume and placket size with strong practicality.

与采用矩形波导和谐振腔的孔耦合相比，这种新型同轴线耦合装置体积小，对汽轮机设备的开口也小，实用性也强。

For example, transmission lines, coaxial line and plane wave configuration and simulation can make use of this procedure to solve the problem, especially given the boundary configuration.

比如传输线、同轴线及平面波的设置及模拟都可以采用这个程序解决问题，尤其是给出了边界的设置方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。