轴流

A test model of four co-rotating disks was developed as the simplified version of a typical internal cooling system of a gas turbine compressor. The investigation was on the distribution of local heat transfer coefficient and the averaged nusselt number of the downstream main disk. Experimental analysis may lead to following conclusions: the distribution is not of monotony and multi-peaks were found along the disk surface,Nu increases with the decrease of the rotational reynold number Re(subscript w,Nu increases with the axial reynold number and the grasholf number.

针对航空发动机多级压气机盘腔的冷却问题，对具有轴向通流的三腔模型进行了系统的研究，通过对局部换热特性与平均换热特性的分析，可以表征旋转盘的热应力水平和相对冷却效果，结果表明表征旋转盘热应力水平的局部换热特性在旋转盘的半径上呈多峰分布，表征相对冷却效果的平均换热特性与旋转雷诺数Re、进气雷诺数Re以及格拉晓夫数Gr有关，当Re及Gr增加时，平均努塞尔数Nu随之增加，而Re的增加使之减小。

The calculation of the rotordynamic coefficients of a multistepped annular seal in hydraulic turbines is discussed in this paper. Based on the Hirs' turbulence lubrication theory and the bulk flow model, the governing equations for the flow in the seal are developed by using the Moody's friction equations. The governing equations are perturbed when the rotor and the stator are coaxial. The Runge Kutta integration method and the Newton Raphson iteration method are used to solve the perturbation equations....

本文首先在Hirs紊流润滑理论的基础上，采用体积流动模型及Moody摩擦方程建立起阶梯口环水封中流体流动的控制方程，将各个方程在转子与定子同心处进行摄动，采用Runge－Kuta积分法及迭代过程求解摄动方程，建立起水轮机阶梯式口环水封的转子动力特性系数的计算方法，为水轮发电机组轴系的动力学分析提供了必要的理论基础。

Simulation results also show that saddle-shaped distributed AMF can more effectively inhibit constriction of vacuum arc.

对于小电流扩散态真空电弧，重点仿真分析不同电弧电流与不同纵向磁场对其关键特性的影响，部分仿真结果进行了实验验证；对离子处于超音速流动的收缩态真空电弧的仿真表明，真空电弧的磁收缩主要是由于霍尔效应引起的，离子温度和电子温度沿轴向先增大后减小，马鞍形分布的纵向磁场能够更有效地抑制真空电弧的收缩，而且阴极斑点分布对真空电弧特性也有着显著的影响；对离子处于亚音速流动状态的大电流真空电弧的仿真表明，部分等离子体不能到达阳极而损失，马鞍形分布的纵向磁场能够更有效地抑制电弧等离子体的损失，同时能使阳极电流密度和能流密度的分布更加均匀。

Recent years, more and more testing data show that for developing oilfield by water injection to keep pressure, when flowing pressure at bottom less than that of saturation pressure, inflow performance curve deflects to pressure axial and appears the maximal point.

近年来，越来越多试井资料证实，注水保持压力开发的油田，当井底流压低于饱和压力后，流入动态曲线向压力轴偏转并出现最大产量点。

Recent years as development of the computer and software, it becomes reality using numeric simulation to research grouting in clay. Using the software of PFC2D, the grouting in clay is lucubrated and such achievements are reached: Grouting technologies in existence grouting material and serosity are studied and rational methods are put forward in choosing grouting technology and serosity.(2) Base on numeric simulation biax test a method is explored to simulate clay with PFC2D.(3) A method is explored to simulate grouting using PFC2D.(4) The relation between serosity pressure and diffuseness of grouting in clay with different initial stress is studied.(5) The stress transformation of clay is studied during grouting.(6) The stress distribution is studied under different serosity pressure.(7) The normal stresss and shear stresss at any section are studied.

近年来随着计算技术的发展，使得采用数值模拟的方式研究均质土体中的注浆成为可能，本文则利用离散元程序PFC2D对均质土体中注浆进行了研究，主要做了以下几方面的工作：(1)研究了现有注浆加固技术、注浆材料以及浆液的性质，阐述了合理选择注浆方式以及浆液的方法；(2)采用数值双轴实验，探索了应用离散元模型模拟土体的方法：(3)探索了采用颗粒流程序进行注浆数值模拟的方法途径；(4)研究了在粘土中注浆不同侧向土压力条件下浆液扩散范围与注浆压力规律；(5)研究了注浆过程中不同阶段土体中压应力的变化；(6)研究了不同注浆压力对土体应力分稚的影响：(7)研究了注浆过程中土体中任一截面处正应力与剪应力的对比关系。

First of all, the improving feeding helix can not only get material into the ball mill successfully, but also increase ventilated proportion; Secondly ,making use of all sorts of new scaleboards can reform the working condition of skive substance and raise the material adaptability; Third, separating storehouse board, have not only increased control material to flow, and balanced each storehouse smash the function of ability, but also realize thickness pellet grade role; Grind tail storehouse choose hyperboloid drum liner, in axial and circumference direction have incline curved surface, can not only increase steel ball lateral grade , but also still raise steel forge , steel ball grind efficiency.

进料口螺旋的改进，不仅解决了堵料现象，而且加大了通风面积；各种新型衬板的使用，对研磨体运动状态的调节以及对物料的适应性都有了较大的改善；隔仓板不仅增加了控制料流及平衡各仓粉碎能力的功能，而且可以实现粗细颗粒的分级作用；磨机尾仓选用双曲面衬板，在轴向和圆周方向均有倾斜曲面，不仅能够增加钢球的横向分级，还能提高钢锻、钢球的研磨效率。

Effects of coaxial spinneret and feeding rate ratio of the inner and the outer liquid were studied on the formation of the coaxial fibers.

分析了同轴射流结构、芯液/壳液流速比Vin/Vout对中空结构的影响。

The effect of curvature, torsion and Dean number on secondary flow, the isoline of stream function, the distribution of axial speed and wall friction is discussed in detail.

详细讨论了曲率、挠率、Dean数对二次流动、流函数等值线和轴向速度的分布以及壁面摩擦力的影响。

The numerical simulation result of axial velocity and tangential velocity are very close to the experimental result.

其中，轴向和切向速度的模拟结果和实际结果非常接近；径向速度的模拟将有助于旋流器结构及性能的分析。

Then, the distribution of tangential, radial, axial components of velocity and pressure is given.

同时得到了流场内部切向速度、径向速度、轴向速度及压力分布规律。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。