轴向量

In order to solve the problem,We proposed a simple formula for computing paraxial travel time of single-way wave operator. The formula is based on the forward and inverse transform between time-space domain to frequency-wavenumber domain and from vector field to exponential manifold. The travel time are expressed as polynomials of the horizontal offset between the two points, and the single-square-root operator in frequency-wavenumber domain are expressed as polynomials of wavenumber. Coefficients of travel time polynomials and that of single-square-root operator are related each other and calculated by Lie algebraic integrand, exponential map and the saddle-point method.

针对此，基于时间空间域到频率波数域和向量场到指数流形上的正反变换，提出了计算单程波算子旁轴走时的简便公式，将走时表示成空间变量(地面点到地下相点的水平距离)的多项式，将频率波数域单平方根算子表示成波数的多项式，运用Lie代数积分、指数映射和鞍点法将走时多项式的系数与单平方根算子的系数联系起来，运用单平方根算子的系数计算走时多项式的系数。

In order to solve the problem, We proposed a simple formula for computing paraxial travel time of single-way wave operator. The formula is based on the forward and inverse transform between time-space domain to frequency-wavenumber domain and from vector field to exponential as polynomials of wavenumber. Coefficients of travel time polynomials and that of single-square-root operator are related each other and calculated by Lie algebraic integrand, exponential map and the saddlepoint method.

针对此，基于时间空间域到频率波数域和向量场到指数流形上的正反变换，提出了计算单程波算子旁轴走时的简便公式，将走时表示成空间变量（地面点到地下相点的水平距离）的多项式，将频率波数域单平方根算子表示成波数的多项式，运用Lie代数积分、指数映射和鞍点法将走时多项式的系数与单平方根算子的系数联系起来，运用单平方根算子的系数计算走时多项式的系数。

The generalized pivotal model is drawn by Fiducial inference, by which the generalized p-value is defined directly. Then the hypotheses test problem is solved and this test is proved to be valid at the boundary.

首先用Fiducial方法得到广义枢轴向量，由此直接定义广义p-值，并证明了由此广义p-值所给出的检验在边界上具有频率性质。

Improve the accuracy of the initial rotor position estimator by using the Fourier series expansion.

在永磁同步的马达启动方面，则透过送出不同向量空间角度的定子电压向量脉冲所量测到的d轴定子电流的大小来估测转子的初始位置，并利用d轴定子电流在空间向量角度以2π为周期的特性，应用傅立叶级数分析做曲线拟合的方式提高转子位置估测解析度，以提高转矩/电流比节省不必要的功率浪费。

This thesis focus on GPS application in magnetic suspension engineering:① the formulation of oblique cylindrical projection is worked out according to characteristics of long distance precise engineering and map projection theory. The author has developed an application to accomplish coordinate conversion from generally used coordinate systems to oblique Maglev Coordinates System.② considering not only project peculiarities but also position of control points, selection of initial points, connection type, selection of repeat baseline and ground observed quantities, GPS network is designed on electronic map and we may extract GPS network information by program developed using Visual Basic 6.0 while the results are stored in control point file and baseline vector file.③estimate accuracy of various GPS networks designed on electronic map by method of 2D restriction adjustment. GPS network simulation design and accuracy estimate come true.④Predominate the rules how connection type , repeat baseline and precise baseline of range finder influence GPS network precision through comparing accuracy of various GPS network. Thereby, the solution how to establish GPS network in long distance precise engineering is figured out.

本论文主要研究GPS技术在磁悬浮工程中的应用：①根据长距离精密工程的特点，从地图投影原理出发，推导出斜轴圆柱投影的应用公式，并编制计算软件，实现从常用坐标系统向斜轴磁悬浮坐标系统的转换计算；②在AutoCAD电子地图上，根据工程的需要，并充分考虑控制点的点位、起算点的选择、连接方式、重复基线的选择和地面观测量的选择等因素，在电子地图上进行GPS网的设计，根据Visual Basic 6.0语言编程，提取出GPS网资料，保存在控制点文件和基线向量文件中；③对在电子地图生成的各种类型的GPS网进行二维约束平差的精度估算，实现了GPS网的模拟设计与精度估算；④通过对各种控制网的精度比较，掌握连接方式、重复基线、精密测距仪基线对GPS网精度影响的规律，解决了长距离精密工程GPS网的建立方法。

When rotational axis are unknown, the general solution of camera intrinsic parameters is obtained by the eigenvectors of 2D projective transformation.

在摄像机绕未知轴旋转时，根据相应的2D投影变换，运用矩阵特征向量理论给出了内参数的通解公式。

The tensor quality of energy density function, which contains coordinate vector, is mathematically proofed.

考虑到模型中能量密度函数含有坐标轴方向向量一项，该文对能量密度函数的张量性进行了严格的数学证明，并将VMIB模型初步应用到脆性材料的单轴受压破坏。

The vector consists of the x, y, and z axis position of the model.

向量组成的x，y和z模型轴的位置。

The results of simulation experiments for single channel data or arbitrary channel of multi-channel data show the clearer event, the better wave shape and the higher SNR compared with the conventional convolution filter and common SVR based on RBF. So it is possible that SVR based on Ricker wavelet kernel function is applied to suppressing noise in seismic prospecting data.

对单道记录或多道记录中任选道的仿真实验表明，与传统的基于径向基核函数的支持向量回归及褶积滤波方法相比，使用本方法去噪后的同相轴更为清晰，波形恢复得更好，信噪比也较高，因此有可能将其应用于地震勘探记录的去噪处理中。

This thesis proposed the design and implementation of an ASIC for the motor control with DTC technology. Note that this ASIC is implemented by cell-based Design style with Verilog language.The basic principle of the Direct Torque Control is to select the switch sequence of the inverter. Those switches will control the magnetism and torque of the stator, to induce a fast response of the induction motor. Furthermore, the d-q axle's static coordinate, which is transferred from both the three-phase current and voltage, is used to compute the stator's magnetism and torque. By comparing with original values, those magnetism and torque will be calculated and set to new data. Then the switching table and the hysteresis controller are decided with the new data to generate a voltage vector and to control the stator magnetism and torque.

直接转矩控制的基本原理为经由侦测马达定子磁通与转子转速，来适当的选择变频器功率电晶体的切换状态，以获得快速且不易受外在环境影响的马达控制响应；首先，根据量测三相电流与利用变频器的切换状态取得马达的三相电压，将其转换至d-q轴静止座标，然后藉此估测马达的磁通量与转矩量，再分别与侦测的定子磁通量和转矩量比较后，得到定子磁通量与转矩量比较的结果，再利用DTC电压向量切换表(DTC Voltage Vector Switching table)，依定子磁通与转矩的比较值及马达所在的角度位置，来选择一个适当的电压向量，进而依切换顺序来激发功率电晶体，达到控制感应马达的目的。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。