轴

The bar axis is at an anThe bar axis is at an angle to the central axis and spins around it.gle to the central axis and spins around it.

磁磁棒棒条的轴与中心轴成一角度，并围绕它旋转的轴与中心轴成一角度，并围绕它旋转。。

Use moment of inertia terms to rigid oval ring around the long axis and the short axis of the moment of inertia, and then use orthogonal axis theorem calculation rigid oval ring around the ring with the vertical plane through the central axis and the moment of inertia.

运用转动惯量定义计算出椭圆环刚体绕长轴和短轴的转动惯量，然后用正交轴定理计算椭圆环刚体绕垂直与环平面且通过中心轴的转动惯量。

Through the intermediate gear Z12, the elevator shaft's gear Z13 and shaft are driven to turn, then via friction cone clutch or planetary mechanism the drum obtains six hoisting speeds.

a、冲击钻进：将变速箱右手柄板至"卷扬"位置，变速箱Ⅲ轴齿轮Z8与Ⅳ轴的齿轮Z10啮合，经中间齿轮Z12带动升降机轴上齿轮Z13及轴旋转，通过锥形摩擦离合器或游星轮机构使卷筒获得六种提升进度

We can say that all communicative messages are based on the concept of selection and combination. The selection is produced on the basis of equivalence, similarity and dissimilarity. The combination, the build up of the sequence, is based on contiguity.

我们可以说所有沟通讯息都是建立在选择轴和组合轴的观念之上，而选择轴的运作是建立在「相似」和「对立」之上；而组合轴则是建立在对等的连接关系上。

In plotting scene, the invention connects fiber-optic gyro(1) with full station instrument telescope(3) by adaptor(2), and make optical fibre gyro can follow full station instrument telescope simultaneously do 180 degree turning reel full station instrument cross shaft, respectively on two horizontal positions of east and west direction of gyro axis that differ by 180 degree; each horizontal position process 2 x 2 position gyro data acquisition on full station instrument perpendicular tray that differ by 180 degree; using formula to count out full station instrument collimation axis true azimuth, survey station meridian convergence angle, then can obtain full station instrument collimation axis grid azimuth, realize full station instrument orient.

基于光纤陀螺的全站仪组合定向方法是一种应用于测绘工作的基于光纤陀螺的全站仪组合定向方法，该方法在测绘现场，把光纤陀螺(1)通过连接装置(2)与全站仪望远镜(3)固连，使光纤陀螺(1)可随全站仪望远镜(3)绕全站仪横轴(4)同步做180度转动，分别在陀螺轴东西向相差180度两个水平位置，每个水平位置在全站仪竖盘相差180度的两个竖直位置进行2×2位置陀螺数据采集；利用公式算得全站仪视准轴真方位角、测站子午线收敛角，即可进一步获得全站仪视准轴坐标方位角，实现全站仪定向。

Postoperatively, the cornel astigmatism axis rotated over 45 degree in 7 eyes (54%) and the total astigmatism axis rotated over 45 degree in 6 eyes (46%).

手术后全眼散光轴改变45°以上6眼（46%），角膜散光轴变化45°以上7眼（54 %）。术后1，3，6 mo的角膜散光轴和全眼散光轴的差异均无显著。

Can be seen, no overload is the essence of the centrifugal pump, pump shaft power curve peak, or shaft power with the increase of flow rate changes are small, relatively flat power curve that axis, so that the pump shaft power in the dead lift off to zero head (that is, from zero flow to maximum flow rate) are less than equal to the original context of the supporting motive power.

可见，无过载离心泵的实质是指，泵的轴功率曲线有峰值或轴功率随流量的增加而有较小的变化，即轴功率曲线比较平坦，使泵的轴功率在关死扬程到零扬程范围内都小于等于原动机的配套功率。

Seven types of dimetric drawing and three types of trimetric drawing are introducedby the author with an aim to help hasten the shift of the principles derived from varioustypes of dimetric and trimetric projections from the theoretical approach to the field ofpractical use,and to alleviate the embarrassing situation that only the simple methodscan be resorted to in drawing the pictorial projections by isometric drawing and cabinetdrawing.

为了使各种形式的正二测和正三测从理论研究转向实际应用，克服长期来人们在绘制轴测图时，多数只能采用正等测和斜二测等单调情况，以及提高绘图速度，本文推荐采用七种正二测和三种正三测，并设计一套绘制这十种正轴测的专用工具--轴测多角比例尺。本文提出一套近似作这十种正轴测坐标面上椭圆的方法和数据，使其既简便又准确。

Polynomial fitting was used to map out the pressure distribution curve of numerica...

与通过试验数据计算出的结果相比，数值模拟计算出来的轴向力相对误差在9%以内，而经验公式计算的轴向力相对误差为14%，采用数值模拟方法计算轴向力具有更高的精度，对多级离心泵轴向力平衡的研究具有指导意义。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。