轰击

Mature embryos of wheat from cultivar EM12 in Hubei province and mode variety Bobwhite were used as target materials.

以湖北省小麦品种'鄂麦12'和模式品种'Bobwhite'为材料，成熟胚为转化受体，优化基因枪转化法的轰击压力、轰击距离、选择剂等因素，建立以小麦成熟胚为转化受体的高效转化系统。

Radioactive decay studies have found a kinds of elements can be α or β decay and the decay into another element, while the α-decay product of -α-rays became one of the deep structure of the material means of .1911, the Rutherford and others bombarded atoms with α-rays observed wide-angle deflection to determine the nuclear structure of atoms and nuclei was first proposed the term .1919 year, Rutherford and others have also found that with α-ray bombardment of nitrogen will release the nuclear protons, this is the first time Artificial realization of a nuclear reaction, after the bombardment of nuclei with the radiation caused by nuclear reaction method to become the primary means of research in nuclear.

放射性衰变研究发现了一种元素可以通过α衰变或β衰变而变成另外一种元素，而α衰变的产物——α射线又成了人们探讨物质深层结构的手段。1911年，卢瑟福等人用α射线轰击原子、观察到大角度偏折，从而确定了原子的有核结构，并首次提出原子核这一名词。1919年，卢瑟福等人又发现用α射线轰击氮核会放出质子，这是首次用人工实现的核反应，以后用射线轰击原子核来引起核反应的方法逐渐成为研究原子核的主要手段。

In the experiment, a powder pressedboard whose concentration of W, Mo, Co was 35%, 20%, 45% seperately was regarded as a source pole. Under the hollow cathode effection of incordinate voltage, the Ar atom was ionized to Ar+. Then the source pole and the specimen one were cleaned by a great amount of Ar+. Their temperature was increased to about 1100℃.

利用不等电位空心阴极放电效应，真空条件下被电离的Ar~+离子同时轰击源极和工件极，源极上的合金元素被溅射出来，在强烈的电场作用下，吸附到受轰击而得到清洁的工件表面上。

An improved transformation system of meristem via gene-gun bombardment was established based on some influential factors investigated.

通过研究碳源、外源激素、活性炭、轰击距离和轰击次数以及茎尖的恢复培养与抗性筛选等，建立了较为完善的棉花基因枪茎尖转化体系。

The total radiative loss include the sum of every possible transition between two levels under the atomical models of hydrogen (4 level + 1 continuum), ionized calcium (5 level + 1 continuum), and magnesium (3 level) beside the contributions from nagtive hydrogen of f-f and f-b tranditions.

并将辐射损失速率与非热电子束轰击和软x线作用下的产能率作了比较，结果表明：耀斑不同时刻的色球辐射损失变化可达一个量级以上；耀斑脉冲相前后电子束加热相当有效；耀斑强度极大时，电子束轰击和软x线加热都有作用；耀斑主相时，软x线加热更能有效地平衡辐射损失。

High deposition rate and bombardment to densification were fulfilled by adding a set of magnetron sputtering apparatus in an IBAD equipment.

在离子束辅助轰击设备中引入磁控溅射可兼得高沉积速率和轰击致密的长处。

Compared the groups which were immunized by gene gun bombardment and intra- muscular injection, 6μg groups and 50μg group indued the number of CD4~+, CD8~+T T-lymphocytes higher than other groups and no defferent between the other groups.

基因枪轰击组与肌注组比较，小鼠外周血CD_4~+、CD_8~+T淋巴细胞值基因枪轰击6μg组和肌注50μg组都高于其它各组，其它组之间差异不显著。

Methodshexamethyldisiloxane polymer film was obtained by plasma polymerization method on coverslips. oxygen (o2) plasma treatment was employed to modify the surfaces with different time so that a series of surface with different wettability were produced. l929 cell were cultured on these surfaces to observe the cell attachment rate and cell spreading in 6 and 12 hours.

使用薄膜等离子体聚合法在圆形盖玻片表面生成六甲基二硅氧烷(hexamethyldisiloxane， hmdso)薄膜聚合体，然后用低温氧等离子体轰击聚合体表面，根据轰击时间的不同形成一系列的不同润湿性表面，将成纤维细胞系l929接种于不同润湿性表面，观察6h、12h时细胞的贴附率，并观察细胞的形态。

Methods Hexamethyldisiloxane polymer film was obtained by plasma polymerization method on coverslips. Oxygen (O2) plasma treatment was employed to modify the surfaces with different time so that a series of surface with different wettability were produced. L929 cell were cultured on these surfaces to observe the cell attachment rate and cell spreading in 6 and 12 hours.

使用薄膜等离子体聚合法在圆形盖玻片表面生成六甲基二硅氧烷(Hexamethyldisiloxane， HMDSO)薄膜聚合体，然后用低温氧等离子体轰击聚合体表面，根据轰击时间的不同形成一系列的不同润湿性表面，将成纤维细胞系L929接种于不同润湿性表面，观察6h、12h时细胞的贴附率，并观察细胞的形态。

The experimental results show that the size of large particles on coatings surface was decreased obviously by N ion beam assisting bombardment, and surface morphology was optimized. Unitary TiN phase was obtained and softer Ti2N phases were eliminated by N ion beam assisted bombard. As the energy of bombard increased, TiN (111) crystal orientation gradually reduced and (200) gradually enhanced. The micro hardness of coatings reinforced too.

结果表明：N离子束辅助轰击，能够有效地减少和降低膜层表面&大颗粒&的数量和尺寸，消除了膜层中较软Ti2N相，得到了单一的TiN相，随着轰击能量的增加，TiN相结构不发生变化，TiN（111）取向逐渐减弱，而（200）取向逐渐增强。N离子束辅助轰击能量的增加，提高了膜层的显微硬度。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。