软骨的

TCP is an ideal cell scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue-engineered cartilage based on MSCs and β-TCP is promising in clinical application and commercialization.

TCP是软骨组织工程较为理想的支架材料，以其为支架，以自体MSCs为种子细胞构建的组织工程化生物性软骨具有极大的临床应用潜力和广阔的产业化开发前景。

It can also be made from Dioscorea、Taro plant or young antlers. It can be transformed into male and female hormones that are very important to the maintenance of the bone in the body.

本研究欲探讨在软骨受伤害的情况下，是否有治疗或保护的作用，更进一步的说，或许可提供另一个对於软骨伤害治疗的新方向。

OBJECTIVE: To establish an inducing system for differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrecytes in two-dimensional culture in vivo, to analyze the best concentration of transforming growth favor beta-1 (TGF-β1) to induce the differentiation and the correlated influence factors for the directional differentiation, and to observe the changes of cell form and phenotype.

目的：建立二维培养条件下骨髓间充质干细胞分化为软骨细胞的诱导体系，分析转化生长因子β1作为诱导条件的最佳浓度，以及诱导骨髓间充质干细胞定向分化为软骨细胞的相关影响因素，观察细胞诱导后的细胞形态及表型变化。

OBJECTIVE: To establish an inducing system for differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrecytes in two-dimensional culture in vivo, to analyze tbe best concentration of transforming growth favor beta-1 (TGF-β1) to induce tbe differentiation and the correlated influence factors for the directional differentiation, and to observe the changes of cell form and phenotype.

目的：建立二维培养条件下骨髓间充质干细胞分化为软骨细胞的诱导体系，分析转化生长因子β 1作为诱导条件的最佳浓度，以及诱导骨髓间充质干细胞定向分化为软骨细胞的相关影响因素，观察细胞诱导后的细胞形态及表型变化。

Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510080, P.R.China Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disorder world-wide. It is clear that all tissues of the joint i.e. cartilage, subchondral bone and synovial membrane, are involved and their respective pathobiologies are inter-related.

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis， OA)是世界上最常见的骨骼系统疾患之一，关节所有组织（如滑膜组织，软骨，软骨下骨）均参与 OA 病变过程且它们的各自的病理生理学改变是内在相关的。

He type of ossein in group B was mainly type Ⅰ collagen while that in group A type Ⅱ and it exhibited as a process of fiber formation in group C. The reason for why TGF-β〓 can promote ossification induced by BMP is that can promote the differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal cells to supply more target cells for BMP, promote the differentiation and proliferation of mature osteocytes and chondrocytes, inhibit metalloproteinase to decrease the destruction of bone tissue and promote calcification of bone matrix.

GF-〓能促进BMP骨诱导作用主要因其能促进间充质细胞的分裂增殖为BMP提供丰富的靶细胞、促进成熟骨及软骨细胞的分裂增殖、促进骨细胞产生Ⅰ型胶原而抑制软骨细胞产生Ⅱ型胶原，抑制金属蛋白酶的活性以减少组织破坏、促进基质钙化等作用而使骨生成能力增加，提示它和BMP具有协同作用。

Mandibular distraction osteogenesis perhaps causes a temporarily negative effect on the condyle, which will undergo a long remodification process to be resumed.2.1mmunohistochemical study of type I and III collagen in condyle in mandibular distraction osteogenesisResults: The expression of type I collagen increased more slowly.

犬双侧下颌骨牵张成骨中髁状突软骨Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原变化的研究第四军医大学硕士学位论文结果：犬躲状突软骨中1型胶原的表达增加缓慢，至牵张结束8周仍有超常水平；Ill型胶原的表达随时间的延长逐渐增加，至牵张结束4周达到顶峰，随后逐渐减弱。

Methods we developed a surgical technique to correct short nose by increase tissue volume in nasal tip ,nasal alae and the columella. The technique contain three steps:① Wide dissection and prolongation of the outer skin envelope to cover the lengthened framework by a "V" formed surgical approach from columellar base to inner edge of alae.②Silicone or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene implant is used to correct saddle nose and to length nasal framework.③A papilionaceous concha composite graft containing a elliptic ear cartilage and a onlay "V" formed skin and subcutaneous tissue is grafted to inner edge of columella and alae. Results we performed the procedure on 8 patients.

通过8例短鼻缺陷受术者采用蝶形复合耳郭组织游离移植到鼻尖鼻翼以增加鼻尖鼻翼的组织量以达到延长短鼻的目的，手术分为三个步骤：首先从鼻小柱基底到两侧鼻翼内缘做V形切口，广泛分离鼻尾端皮肤粘膜；然后，通过硅胶或ePTFE假体材料间插并缝合于两侧大翼软骨之间延长鼻尖部软骨支架；最后，将蝶形耳后复合组织块移植到切口部以增加鼻尖鼻翼部的组织量，术后观察该法延长短鼻的实际效果。

More thicker epiphyseal plate were found in the left femurs than the right femurs of the group fixed with plates at 3 and 6 month after operation. In the group fixed with plates, Safranine O staining showed epiphyseal plates ot the left femurs had more fuscous staining than the right femurs at 3 and 6 month after operation. Electron microscopy also found that the cells of the epiphyseal plates of left femurs were more eugenic than the right femurs in the group fixed with plates at 3 and 6 month after operation.

光镜学实验结果示滑动钢板固定的左侧股骨骨骺板总厚度及肥大细胞计数均明显大于普通组；组织化学观察示滑动钢板固定的左侧股骨骺板于术后3个月及6个月Safranine O组织化学染色明显深于普通组；电镜观察示滑动钢板固定的左侧股骨骨骺于术后3个月及6个月软骨增殖区软骨细胞分裂及生长较普通钢板固定的右侧活跃。

The pathological findings showed that ZBT could alliviate the synovial tissues inflammatory congestion, edema, remit the inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibit the proliferation of synovial cells, therefore reduce the degree of destruction of the articular cartilage and subcartilaginous bone tissue. Inhibited the disablement of the woulded limbs.

结果：止痹痛药酒能轻模型鼠关节肿胀度，对免疫注射后继发病变具有良好的治疗作用，说明该药具有抗炎免疫作用，病理学观察证实该药能减轻关节滑膜的充血水肿和炎细胞浸润、抑制滑膜细胞增生，减轻关节软骨和软骨下骨组织的破坏程度，抑制模型鼠患肢的致残。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。